JPE | 中国土地改革与性别选择【转】

摘要中文简单翻译：

中国1978  -  84年的土地改革引发了农业产出和家庭收入的快速增长。 在914个县的改革时的新数据中，我们发现改革后男孩子的比例有突变。 在第一胎女孩的第二胎中，改革后4年内，男女性别比例从1.1增加到1.3。 在受过更多教育的家庭中发现了更大的增长。 土地改革的估计效应在控制县级单孩政策的推出后是稳健的。 总的来说，我们估计土地改革导致了100万失踪女孩（missing girls）。

Abstract

China’s land reform in 1978–84 unleashed rapid growth in farm output and household income. In new data on reform timing in 914 counties, we find an immediate trend break in the fraction of male children following the reform. Among second births that followed a firstborn girl, sex ratios increased from 1.1 to 1.3 boys per girl in the 4 years following reform. Larger increases are found among families with more education. The land reform estimate is robust to controlling for the county-level rollout of the One Child Policy. Overall, we estimate land reform accounted for about 1 million missing girls.

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出处：Douglas Almond, Hongbin Li, and Shuang Zhang, "Land Reform and Sex Selection in China," Journal of Political Economy 127, no. 2 (April 2019): 560-585.

https://doi.org/10.1086/701030

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