每日法律英语词条（8）：Asylum

每日法律英语词条每日精选一个重要的法律英语词条，和梳理这个词条的含义和相关判例。

Asylum can be sought by a person physically present in the United States who meets the definition of a refugee and fears political persecution if returned to his or her home country.
符合“难民”的定义，担心如果回祖国会遭受政治迫害的身在美国的人可以寻求（美国的）庇护。（寻求难民身份的人从美国境外申请，而寻求庇护者从美国境内申请。）
A refugee is defined as “any person who is outside any country of such person’s nationality or in the case of a person having no nationality, is outside any country in which such person last habitually resided, and who is unable or unwilling to avail himself or herself of the protection of that country because of persecution or a well-founded fear of persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion.” 
（因有正当理由）畏惧由于种族、宗教、国籍、属于某一社会团体或具有某种政治见解的原因受到迫害而留在其本国之外，并且由于此项畏惧而不能或不愿受该国保护的人，该人身在他/她原国籍以外或者在没有国籍的情况下身在最后惯常居住的国家之外。这样的人称为“难民”（锦曦注：美国所使用的难民的定义联合国来自《1951年难民公约》和《关于难民地位的议定书》）
Under current law, applications for asylum must be made within one year of entry unless there are extraordinary circumstances that caused delay or changed circumstances that materially effect the applicant’s eligibility for asylum. 
根据现行法律，除非有特殊情况导致延误或情况发生改变而对申请人的庇护资格产生重大影响，否则必须在入境后一年内提出庇护申请。

锦曦书斋：
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