“跟着大运学英语”专栏第十七期 | 一起来学习常见医疗术语
第十七期开课啦!
全身酸痛?疱疹?心绞痛?
上呼吸道感染?急性阑尾炎?
遇到这些医疗术语
是不是不知所措,整个垮掉?
别担心
今天,小编带你一起
学习常见医疗术语
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症状
Symptoms
序号 | 中文 | 英文 |
1 | 畏寒 | chill |
2 | 发热 | fever/pyrexia |
3 | 寒战 | shiver |
4 | 头痛 | headache |
5 | 全身酸痛 | muscle ache |
6 | 乏力 | hypodynamia |
7 | 咽痛 | sore throat/ throat pain |
8 | 咳嗽 | cough |
9 | 咳痰 | expectoration |
10 | 腹泻 | diarrhea |
11 | 腹痛 | stomach-ache |
12 | 脓血 | sepsis |
13 | 胀痛 | distension |
14 | 恶心 | nausea |
15 | 呕吐 | emesis |
16 | 呕血 | haematemesis |
17 | 流涕 | running nose |
18 | 白色泡沫痰 | white foamy sputum |
19 | 黄脓痰 | yellowish purulent sputum |
20 | 血痰 | bloody sputum |
21 | 畏光流泪 | photophobia |
22 | 眼睑浮肿 | swollen eyelid |
23 | 眼结膜充血 | conjunctival hyperemia |
24 | 口腔黏膜斑 | oral mucosal plaque |
25 | 出血性皮疹 | hemorrhagic rash |
26 | 疱疹 | herpes |
27 | 瘙痒 | pruritus |
28 | 脱屑 | desquamation |
29 | 发热伴畏寒 | shivering with fever |
30 | 喷射性呕吐 | projectile vomiting |
31 | 肌肉酸痛 | muscular soreness |
32 | 惊厥 | convulsions |
33 | 神志障碍 | mental disorders |
34 | 呼吸困难 | dyspnea |
35 | 节律不齐 | arrhythmia |
36 | 疼痛 | ache |
37 | 刺痛 | stabbing pain |
38 | 钝痛 | dull pain |
39 | 绞痛 | colic pain |
40 | 烧灼痛 | burning pain |
41 | 闷痛 | chest congestion |
42 | 持续痛 | continuous pain |
43 | 阵痛 | intermittent pain |
44 | 放射痛 | radiating pain |
就医
Treatment
序号 | 中文 | 英文 |
1 | 患者 | patient |
2 | 接诊处 | reception |
3 | 接诊 | clinical reception |
4 | 分诊 | triage |
5 | 挂号 | registration |
6 | 门诊治疗 | outpatient treatment |
7 | 就诊室 | consulting room |
8 | 医疗检查 | medical examination |
9 | 核酸检查 | nucleic acid test (NAT) |
10 | 大便检查 | stool test |
11 | 超声检查 | ultrasonic testing |
12 | 血液检查 | blood test |
13 | 尿液检查 | urine test |
14 | X线检查 | x-ray examination |
15 | CT检查 | CT scan |
16 | 核磁检查 | magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
17 | 心电图 | electrocardiogram (ECG) |
18 | 胃镜 | gastroscopy |
19 | 肠镜 | colonoscopy |
20 | 采血 | draw blood |
21 | 标本 | sample |
22 | 处方 | prescription |
23 | 药房 | pharmacy |
24 | 住院治疗 | inpatient treatment |
25 | 输液 | intravenous (IV) infusion |
26 | 肌肉注射 | injection |
27 | 手术 | surgery |
28 | 出院 | discharge |
29 | 理疗 | physical therapy |
30 | 局部封闭 | partial closure |
31 | 关节腔穿刺 | articular cavity puncture |
32 | 腰部穿刺 | lumbar puncture |
33 | 热敷 | hot compress |
34 | 按摩 | massage |
35 | 针灸 | acupuncture |
常见病
Common Diseases
序号 | 中文 | 英文 |
1 | 上呼吸道感染 | upper respiratory infection (URI) |
2 | 急性气管—支气管炎 | acute tracheitis/ bronchitis |
3 | 肺炎 | pneumonia |
4 | 支气管哮喘 | bronchial asthma |
5 | 气胸 | pneumothorax |
6 | 胸腔积液 | pleural effusion |
7 | 急性呼吸衰竭 | acute respiratory failure |
8 | 消化不良 | indigestion |
9 | 急性肠胃炎 | acute gastroenteritis |
10 | 胃炎 | gastritis |
11 | 肠炎 | enteritis |
12 | 胃/十二指肠溃疡 | gastric/duodenal ulcer |
13 | 上/下消化道出血 | upper (Lower) gastrointestinal bleeding |
14 | 肝炎 | hepatitis |
15 | 胆囊炎/胆石症 | cholecystitis/ cholelithiasis |
16 | 胰腺炎 | pancreatitis |
17 | 高血压 | hypertension |
18 | 冠心病 | coronary heart disease |
19 | 心绞痛 | angina |
20 | 心肌梗死 | myocardial infarction |
21 | 心律失常 | arrhythmia |
22 | 感染性心内膜炎 | infectious endocarditis |
23 | 心肌炎 | myocarditis |
24 | 心力衰竭 | heart failure |
25 | 心源性猝死 | sudden cardiac death (SCD) |
26 | 尿路感染 | urinary tract infection |
27 | 慢性肾炎 | chronic glomerulonephritis |
28 | 尿路结石 | lithangiuria |
29 | 肾绞痛 | renal colic |
30 | 急/慢性肾功能不全 | acute/chronic renal insufficiency |
31 | 糖尿病 | diabetes |
32 | 低血糖反应 | hypoglycemia |
33 | 痛风 | gout |
34 | 高/低钠血症 | hypernatremia/ hyponatremia |
35 | 高/低钾血症 | hyperkalemia/ hypokalemia |
36 | 酒精中毒 | alcohol intoxication |
37 | 药物中毒 | drug poisoning |
38 | 晕车/船 | carsickness/ seasickness |
39 | 中暑 | sunstroke |
40 | 淹溺 | drowning |
41 | 电击 | electric shock |
42 | 血管神经性头痛 | angioneurotic headache |
43 | 三叉神经痛 | trigeminal neuralgia |
44 | 偏头痛 | migraine |
45 | 紧张性头痛 | tension headache |
46 | 神经病 | neuropathy |
47 | 脑缺血 | cerebral ischemia |
48 | 脑栓塞 | cerebral embolism |
49 | 脑出血 | cerebral hemorrhage |
50 | 高血压脑病 | hypertensive encephalopathy |
51 | 脑膜炎 | meningitis |
52 | 脑炎 | encephalitis |
53 | 癫痫 | epilepsy |
54 | 感染 | infection |
55 | 创伤 | trauma |
56 | 烧伤 | burn |
57 | 胸部损伤 | thoracic injuries |
58 | 骨折 | fracture |
59 | 腹外疝 | external abdominal hernia |
60 | 急性腹膜炎 | acute peritonitis |
61 | 肠梗阻 | bowel obstruction |
62 | 急性阑尾炎 | acute appendicitis |
63 | 胆结石 | gallstone |
64 | 急性胆管炎 | acute cholangitis |
65 | 急性胆囊炎 | acute cholecystitis |
66 | 急性胰腺炎 | acute pancreatitis |
67 | 胃/十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔 | acute gastric/ duodenal ulcer perforation |
68 | 痔疮 | haemorrhoids |
69 | 关节损伤 | joint injury |
70 | 脏器损伤 | organ injury |
71 | 阴道炎 | colpitis |
72 | 宫颈炎 | cervicitis |
73 | 盆腔炎 | pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) |
74 | 月经失调 | menstrual disorders |
75 | 功能性子宫出血 | dysfunctional uterine bleeding |
76 | 妊娠 | gestation |
77 | 宫外孕 | ectopic pregnancy |
78 | 流产 | abortion |
79 | 黄体破裂 | rupture of corpus luteum |
80 | 荨麻疹 | urticaria |
81 | 湿疹 | eczema |
82 | 接触性皮炎 | contact dermatitis |
83 | 药物过敏 | drug allergy |
84 | 过敏性紫癜 | allergic purpura |
85 | 痱子 | prickly heat |
86 | 性传播疾病 | sexually transmitted diseases |
87 | 病毒性皮肤病 | viral dermatosis |
88 | 单纯疱疹 | herpes simplex |
89 | 带状疱疹 | herpes zoster |
90 | 疣(yóu) | wart |
91 | 结膜炎 | conjunctivitis |
92 | 巩膜炎 | scleritis |
93 | 虹膜睫状体炎 | iridocyclitis |
94 | 急性闭角型青光眼 | acute angle-closure glaucoma |
95 | 结膜下出血 | subconjunctival hemorrhage |
96 | 角膜炎(真菌性、细菌性、 | keratitis (Fungal, Bacterial, Viral) |
97 | 病毒性) | |
98 | 鼻炎 | Rhinitis |
99 | 鼻出血 | Epistaxis |
100 | 鼻腔异物 | Nasal Foreign Bodies |
101 | 急/慢性鼻窦炎 | Acute/Chronic Sinusitis |
102 | 急/慢性咽炎 | Acute/Chronic Pharyngitis |
103 | 急/慢性扁桃体炎 | Acute/Chronic Tonsillitis |
104 | 化脓性扁桃体炎 | suppurative tonsillitis |
105 | 急性会厌炎 | acute epiglottitis |
106 | 急/慢性喉炎 | acute/chronic laryngitis |
107 | 喉头水肿 | laryngeal edema |
108 | 声带小结 | vocal nodules |
109 | 声带息肉 | vocal cord polyp |
110 | 耳廓外伤 | auricle trauma |
111 | 鼓膜外伤 | tympanic membrane trauma |
112 | 外耳道异物 | foreign bodies in the external auditory canal |
113 | 外耳道炎 | otitis externa |
114 | 鼓膜炎 | myringitis |
115 | 中耳炎 | otitis media |
116 | 病毒性肝炎 | viral hepatitis |
117 | 细菌性痢疾 | bacterial dysentery |
118 | 伤寒 | typhoid fever |
119 | 艾滋病 | acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) |
120 | 淋病 | gonorrhea |
121 | 梅毒 | syphilis |
122 | 麻疹 | measles |
123 | 流行性脑脊髓膜炎 | epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis |
124 | 猩红热样皮疹 | scarlatiniform rash |
125 | 流行性出血 | epidemic hemorrhage |
126 | 流行性乙型脑炎 | epidemic japanese B encephalitis |
127 | 疟疾 | malaria |
128 | 肺结核 | pulmonary tuberculosis |
129 | 流行性腮腺炎 | epidemic parotitis |
130 | 风疹 | nettle rash |
131 | 急性出血性结膜炎 | acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis |
防疫
COVID-19 Prevention and Control
序号 | 中文 | 英文 |
1 | 新型冠状病毒 | novel coronavirus |
2 | 肺炎 | pneumonia |
3 | 确诊病例 | confirmed case |
4 | 疑似病例 | suspected case |
5 | 重症患者 | patient in critical condition |
6 | 病死率 | fatality rate |
7 | 密切接触者 | close contact |
8 | 医学观察 | medical observation |
9 | 隔离 | quarantine |
10 | 潜伏期 | Incubation period |
11 | 人传人 | human-to-human transmission |
12 | 飞沫传播 | droplet transmission |
13 | 发热、咳嗽、呼吸困难 | fever, cough and difficulty in breathing |
14 | 急性呼吸道感染病状 | acute respiratory infection symptom |
15 | 输入性病例 | imported case |
16 | 二代病例 | secondary infection case |
17 | 隐性感染 | asymptomatic infection |
18 | 疫情防控 | epidemic prevention and control |
19 | 口罩 | (face) mask |
20 | 医用外科口罩 | surgical mask |
21 | 防护服 | protective clothing/suits |
22 | 护目镜 | goggles |
23 | 一次性手套 | disposable gloves |
24 | 医疗物资 | medical supplies |
25 | 疫苗 | vaccine |
26 | 国际关注的突发公共卫生事件 | Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) |
27 | 城市静态管理 | the lockdown of a city / a city is on lockdown |
28 | 重大突发公共卫生事件一级响应 | first-level public health emergency response |
29 | 中国疾病预防控制中心 | Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention |
30 | 消毒 | disinfect/sterilise |
31 | 洗手液 | sanitiser |
32 | 基因序列 | genetic sequencing |
33 | 症状 | symptom |
35 | 检测阳性/阴性 | test positive/ negative |
35 | 发热门诊 | fever clinics |
36 | 疫情 | epidemic situation |
37 | 防范疫情跨境传播 | curb the cross-border spread of the epidemic |
38 | 初始症状 | incipient symptom |
39 | 核酸检测 | nucleic acid test |
40 | 交叉感染 | cross-infection |
41 | 方舱医院 | mobile cabin hospital |
42 | 社区传染 | community transmission |
43 | 错峰通勤 | off-peak commuting |
44 | 呼吸机 | ventilator |
45 | 新型冠状病毒毒株 | novel coronavirus strain |
46 | 聚集性肺炎病例 | cluster of pneumonia cases |
47 | 聚合酶链式反应 | polymerase chain reaction (PCR) |
48 | 治疗转归 | clinical outcome |
49 | 高流量吸氧 | high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy |
50 | 无创和有创机械通气 | non-invasive ventilation and invasive mechanical ventilation |
51 | 俯卧位通气 | ventilation in the prone position |
52 | 多靶点干预 | multi- target intervention treatment |
53 | 灭活疫苗 | inactivated vaccines |
54 | 重组蛋白疫苗 | recombinant protein vaccines |
55 | 减毒流感病毒载体疫苗 | live attenuated influenza vaccine |
56 | 腺病毒载体疫苗 | adenovirus vaccine |
57 | 核酸疫苗 | nucleic acid-based vaccines |
58 | 托珠单抗 | tocilizumab |
59 | 新型冠状病毒全基因组序列信息 | the whole genome sequences of the novel coronavirus |
60 | 消毒物资/用品 | disinfectant/ disinfection products |
61 | 一次性医用手套 | medical gloves |
62 | 检疫传染病 | quarantinable infectious disease |
63 | 医用N95口罩 | medical n95 masks |
64 | KN95口罩 | medical non-n95 masks |
65 | 呼吸道传染病 | infectious respiratory disease |
66 | 检测试剂 | test reagent |
67 | “健康包” | health kit |
68 | 通信大数据行程卡 | digital travel records |
69 | 健康码“绿码” | a "green" health code |
70 | 红外线测温仪 | infrared thermometer |
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Tips
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编辑 | 张 浩
审核 | 邓 秋
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