中国农村高血压控制项目:乡村医生主导的干预措施可显著改善农村居民的血压控制情况
《柳叶刀》(The Lancet)发表一项来自中国医科大学附属第一医院孙英贤教授团队的大型整群随机对照试验研究,报告了中国农村高血压控制项目(the China Rural Hypertension Control Project, CRHCP)的结果。CRHCP旨在显示社区卫生工作者主导的多层面措施对高血压患者的有效性,是迄今为止规模最大的相关研究。研究显示,与强化的常规照护相比,由乡村医生主导的干预措施使中国农村居民的血压控制情况显著改善,并有统计学意义。识别文中二维码或点击文末“阅读原文”,阅读英文原文。
论文摘要
中国农村地区以乡村医生为主导的多方面血压控制干预措施:一项开放的随机分组试验
背景
在低收入和中等收入国家,未得到控制的高血压患病率很高,而且在不断增长。我们在中国农村地区测试了由乡村医生(初级卫生保健第一线的社区卫生工作者)为主导的多方面血压控制干预措施的有效性。
方法
在这项开放的随机分组试验中(中国农村高血压控制项目),326个有固定乡村医生并参加了中国新农村合作医疗计划的村庄被随机分配(1:1)到由乡村医生主导的多方面干预措施组或加强常规照护(对照)的组中,并按省、县和乡镇进行分层。我们招募了40岁或以上的高血压患者,他们是未经治疗的且血压为140/90毫米汞柱或更高(对于有心血管疾病、糖尿病或慢性肾病史的患者的血压为大于等于130/80毫米汞柱),或治疗后的血压为130/80毫米汞柱或更高。在干预组中,经过培训的乡村医生在初级保健医生的监督下,根据标准方案启动并确定降压药物。乡村医生还对家庭血压监测、生活方式的改善和提高用药的依从性进行了健康指导。主要结果(在此报告)是18个月时血压低于130/80毫米汞柱的患者比例。研究采用意向性分析。这项试验已在ClinicalTrials.gov注册,编号为NCT03527719,目前正在进行中。
结果
在2018年5月8日至11月28日期间,我们从163个干预组村庄和163个对照组村庄招募了33,995人。18个月时,干预组15,414名患者中的8,865人(57.0%)和对照组14,500名患者中的2,895人(19.9%)血压低于130/80毫米汞柱,组间差异为37.0%(95% CI 34.9至39.1%;P<0.0001)。从基线到18个月,干预组的平均收缩压下降了26.3毫米汞柱(95% CI 27.1至 -25.4),对照组的平均收缩压下降了11.8毫米汞柱(12.6至11.0),组间差异为-14.5毫米汞柱(95% CI 15.7至13.3毫米汞柱;P<0.0001)。从基线到18个月,干预组的平均舒张压下降了14.6毫米汞柱(-15.1至-14.2),对照组下降了7.5毫米汞柱(7.9至7.2),组间差异为-7.1毫米汞柱(-7.7至-6.5毫米汞柱;P<0.0001)。两组均无治疗相关的严重不良事件报告。
解释
与强化的常规照护相比,由乡村医生主导的干预措施使中国农村居民的血压控制情况显著改善,并有统计学意义。这种可行的、有效的、可持续的实施策略,可以在中国农村地区及其他低收入和中等收入国家的高血压控制中被推广。
Funding
Ministry of Science and Technology of China.
相关评论
乡村医生管理中国农村地区高血压
作者介绍及声明
We declare no competing interests.
*Tazeen H Jafar, Samer Jabbour
tazeen.jafar@duke-nus.edu.sg
Programme in Health Services & Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857 (THJ); Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA (THJ); Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (SJ)
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