【动态】柯伟林：21世纪高等教育的本质是思维模式的熏陶（中英双语）

人大重阳网讯：1月15日下午，重阳论坛第31期在京举行，哈佛大学中国研究教授、哈佛大学中国基金会主席，中国人民大学重阳金融研究院理事柯伟林教授就"21世纪的大学：世界高等教育领导力角逐"做主题演讲。会议邀请了多位中外专家、师生与媒体共同围绕教育话题进行广泛交流。会议由人大重阳院委兼学术合作部主任杨清清主持。

人大重阳执行院长王文首先致欢迎词，他回顾了柯伟林教授作为人大重阳的外籍理事自创院初期以来一直给予研究院的指导与帮助，对柯伟林教授在中美大学合作以及商业往来、人文交流方面所做出的贡献表示诚挚感谢，赞其是"全球顶尖的学者和思想家"，并期待未来能与柯伟林教授在科研、教育等领域能有更多全方位的深度合作。

正式演讲前，柯伟林教授对人大重阳近五年在各方努力下所取得的成绩表示高度的肯定与欣喜，也分享了他见证中国特色新型智库在中国崛起大背景下蓬勃发展的感受，并期待人大重阳能有更广阔的发展前景。

随后，柯伟林教授围绕"21世纪高等教育"的主题，具体解释了德、美、中是"如何定义优秀大学"以及他所认为最具影响力的大学。在谈及研究型大学和教学型大学时，他指出，目前的大学排名都是基于研究成果而非教学质量，导致诸多大学开始减弱对教学的重视程度。在分享教育的本质时，他认为教育不仅仅是职业培训，也不是重复的对于技能的学习，而是一种思维模式的熏陶，即通识教育。

最后，柯伟林教授对21世纪的大学建设提出了四点建议：第一，教授除了教学还要做研究，要有新的产出；第二，需要保护学术自由，这主要体现在学习自由和教学自由两个方面；第三，需要强调通识教育的重要性；第四，学生和老师都要有终身学习的能力和意识。

参与本次论坛的还有英国伦敦前经济与商业政策署署长、人大重阳高级研究员罗思义，央视英语新闻频道评论员、人大重阳研究员韩桦，北京外国语大学副教授、人大重阳英语顾问滕继萌、人民大学新闻学院教授贾文山、人大重阳产业研究部副研究员程诚等。现场嘉宾就大学应该如何平衡教学和科研关系、如何激发学生自由思考、中西方教育的思维差异性等多个话题展开了深入探讨，气氛热烈。

William C. Kirby: Influential Thinking as the Basis for 21^st-Century Higher Education

On the afternoon of January 15^th 2018, the 31^st Chongyang Forum was held in Beijing, with keynote speaker Professor William C. Kirby (Professor of China Studies and Chairman of the China Fund at Harvard, RDCY Council Member) delivering an address entitled "Universities in the 21^st-Century: The Race for Leadership in Global Higher Education."Experts from China and abroad, students as well as media were in attendance, engaging in broad discussions about education. Yang Qingqing, Director of the Research Cooperation Department of RDCY, moderated the seminar.

In his welcoming address, RDCY Executive Dean Dr. Wang Wen warmly thanked Professor Kirby for his unfailing guidance and assistance as a foreign member of the RDCY Council since the institute's inception. Noting with sincerity Professor Kirby's invaluable contributions to the fields of Sino-US universities cooperation, as well as business and people-to-people exchanges. Dr. Wang described him as 'a world-leading scholar and thinker', and expressed an intense desire to further cooperate with Professor Kirby in the spheres of research and education.

Before delivering his substantive speech, Professor Kirby congratulated RDCY on its stellar achievements over the past five years since its establishment. He also shared his personal thoughts on witnessing the growth of new think-tanks with Chinese characteristics against the overall backdrop of China's rise, wishing RDCY an ever-brighter future.

Taking as his starting point the topic of '21^st-century higher education', Professor Kirby proceeded to explain how Germany, the US and China define outstanding universities, and identify the institutions which, to his mind, qualify as such. As regards researching and teaching universities, Professor Kirby shrewdly pointed out that university rankings focus on the quantity of research to the detriment of teaching quality, resulting thereby in a gradual loss of interest in the latter. For Professor Kirby, the nature of education is more than mere preparation for jobs, or indeed repeated skills teaching, but rather general education that stimulates the minds of the students.

By way of summary, Professor Kirby made the following four suggestions on building universities for the 21^st-century: first, that professors should produce new knowledge in addition to teaching; second, that academic freedom should be protected, encompassing the freedom to teach and the freedom to learn; third, that the importance of general education should be stressed; fourth, that students and professors should alike be possessed of the ability and consciousness to learn for life.

Other invited guests in this forum include John Ross (former Policy Director of Economic and Business Policy, London; RDCY Senior Fellow), Helen Han (CGTN English commentator; RDCY Senior Fellow), Teng Jimeng (Associate Professor of Beijing Languages and Culture University; English Adviser to RDCY), Jia Wenshan (Professor, School of Journalism at Renmin University of China) and Cheng Cheng (RDCY Associate Fellow). They engaged in an passionate debate on how to balance the relationship between teaching and research, stimulate students'free-thinking and differences in thinking between Chinese and Western education.

Professor William C. Kirby is a famous US Sinologist John King Fairbank, Professor of China Studies at Harvard, Chairman of the Harvard China Fund, Spangler Family Professor of Business Administration at Harvard Business School, Member of the American Academy for the Humanities and Sciences, former Director of the Fairbank Centre for Chinese Studies and Member of the RDCY Council.

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中国人民大学全球治理研究中心(Global Governance Research Center，RUC)成立于2017年3月9日，是北京巨丰金控科技有限公司董事长马琳女士向中国人民大学捐赠并由中国人民大学重阳金融研究院（人大重阳）负责运营管理的教育基金项目。中国人民大学全球治理研究中心由原外交部副部长、人大重阳高级研究员何亚非领衔，前中国银行副行长、国际商会执行董事、人大重阳高级研究员张燕玲担任学术委员会主任，旨在构建高层次、高水准的全球治理思想交流平台，并向社会发布高质量的全球治理研究报告，努力践行咨政、启民、伐谋、孕才的智库使命。

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