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Archigram档案概述与项目整理(下)│Culture

馆长也是Stanley也是馆长 悬浮映画 2022-04-21

悬浮映画按: “Archigram”小组是1960年代在英国形成的一个前卫的建筑组织,主要成员都来自建筑联盟学院( the Architectural Association, London),这是一个具有强烈未来主义色彩、反英雄主义、反权威、支持消费主义、从先进技术中吸收灵感的机构,目的是要摆脱现实的种种限制,能够探索出建筑设计、城市发展的新途径来。“建筑电讯”派的领军人物是彼特·库克(Peter Cook ),评论界有说他和“建筑典型”小组的对世界建筑界的影响可以等同于披头士(Baetles)乐队对摇滚乐的影响。作为英国实验建筑的设计团体。

《Archigram》创刊于1960年,开始的时候是包括库克在内的共六人的建筑家策划的,这本杂志和其他建筑杂志不同,里面有诗歌、设计、建筑概念,也有各种艺术评论和创作,这本刊物针对消费社会而展开新的建筑和都市构想,混杂了高科技、波普艺术型的和平面媒体手法,《建筑电讯》基本是一个乌托邦式的设计刊物和文化刊物,里面的建筑非常娱乐性,好像昆虫的脚一样的建筑,根据居住者的要求,在都市中向希望的场所移动,这就是所谓的“行走都市”(Walking City)。Archigram质疑、挑战甚至调侃传统建筑,引用科幻、漫画和广告中的形象,大量设计幽默的建筑和城市,给予世界的建筑家们和设计师的影响至今不衰。

(© The Archigram Archival Project)


The Archigram Archival Project

建筑电讯派(Archigram)项目档案


(© The Archigram Archival Project)


(在之前悬浮映画已经推送过关于archigram的文章,此文主要讲述The Archigram Archival Project所收集archigram期间所做的相关杂志、展览及方案,导言内容参考了前一篇推文的内容。因方案过多,特意选有代表性的二十个方案展示,上一篇推文已经向大家展示了十个方案,接下来是后十个。。悬浮映画也会在接下来的时间推出关于archigram相关专题和研究的文章。祝阅读愉快~)


Introduction

导言

建筑电讯在那个年代被称为相当杰出的前卫建筑团体。他们有著一贯激进极端的理念和设想,描绘著放荡不羁的现代的景象。从仅仅为学生们设置的古怪研究项目开始,建筑电讯那些自1961至1970年在伦敦分九期发行的极度冗长的年鉴成为当地和全球激进建筑团体的焦点。建筑电讯这个小集团是由在1963年发行的第三期杂志中崭露头角的主要的六个成员(Warren Chalk,Peter Cook,Dennis- Crompton,David Greene,Ron Herron,Michael Webb)组成的非正式的协会,理所当然的,他们顺势用“建筑电讯”(Archigram)作为他们团体的称号。他们其中的三位刚刚结束他们令人刻骨铭心的血液,另外三个则是大伦敦地区建筑师协会(mighty London County Council Architects Department)中的老手。他们之间的关系形成于1962年至1965年受雇于Taylor Woodrow建筑公司、致力于广泛的教学和博览的合作的时候。1970年,建筑电讯的一些成员成立了一个叫做Archigram Architects事务所。这个事务所在他们的一个主要项目——蒙特卡洛娱乐中心——被搁置后,于1975年前后关闭。

之后,建筑电讯成为了过去的传奇。“建筑电讯是21世纪初皇家金奖奖章绝妙的人选,”2002年,在授予建筑电讯大不列颠最高建筑荣誉奖时,人们嘉奖道:“建筑电讯是寻求对建筑实践的再评估、建筑性质的重新定义的新的出发点。”这本书将回到建筑电讯还没受到皇家建筑师协会(RIBA)的尊敬和重视,而是他们的眼中钉的年代。

(© The Archigram Archival Project)


(为阅读效果导言删减了一部分,大家如有需要可以找到上一篇推文Archigram档案概述与项目整理(上)│Culture里细读)


Project/项目介绍

11.AIR-HAB

充气运输

Speculative proposal for inflatable dwelling unit designed to be transported by car.

用汽车运输的充气式居住单元设想。

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)


12.ST. KATHERINE'S DOCK DEVELOPMENT

圣凯瑟琳码头的发展

Speculative proposal for the major redevelopment of the area around St Katharine’s Dock, London.

对伦敦圣凯瑟琳码头周围地区重新开发的提议与猜测。

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)


13.SIN CENTRE

SIN中心

Entertainments Palace’ on the site of the Empire Theatre, Leicester Square, London. Originally ‘failed’ as student final thesis project at the Regent Street Polytechnic.

位于伦敦莱斯特广场帝国剧院的娱乐区域。

This project (also known as the Entertainment Palace) became a cause célèbre from several points of view: a daring concept whereby the normally separated elements of showtime audience and parked cars are brought together on the inclined plates that develop from the winding ramp system. The ductwork sprouts like magic from the cores (you can see the result of this device in the interior of of Gunther Domenig’s ‘Z’ Bank in Vienna). The Polytechnic failed the scheme and continued to do so several times even after its prominent display at MOMA and published status as an epoch-making and original technic icon.

这个项目(也被称为“娱乐广场”)从几个角度来看应该是一个值得庆祝的事情:一个大胆的概念,即通常被分开的表演观众和停着的汽车的元素被集中在从弯曲的斜坡系统发展出来的斜板上。这些管道像魔法一样从核心中冒出来(你可以在冈瑟·多米尼格看到这个装置的内部)。虽然这一技术失败了,甚至在它在现代艺术博物馆(MOMA)的展出和作为一个划时代的技术标志的出版地位之后,仍然持续了好几次。

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)


14.BRITISH EUROPEAN AIRWAYS SALES OFFICE AND TERMINAL, MANCHESTER

英国欧洲航空公司办公室与航站楼设计

Detailed design, implemented remodelling and interior design of Manchester Air Terminus building for British European Airlines, Royal Exchange Arcade, Manchester. First in a series of projects for BEA.

为英国欧洲航空公司进行详细的设计、改造和室内设计。

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)


15.FURNITURE MANUFACTURERS' ASSOCIATION BUILDING PROJECT

家具制造商协会建筑项目

Student fourth year project at the Regent Street Polytechnic for a ferro-cement building featuring clubrooms, showrooms and offices for the Furniture Manufactures' Association (FMA) in Berkshire.

学生第四年的项目在摄政街理工学院为建筑特色俱乐部,陈列室和办公室。

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)


16.DRIVE-IN HOUSING

免下车住宅

Highly elaborated ongoing speculative exploration of the possible use of cars as mobile and serviced component parts of an adaptable dwelling system composed of cars, drive-in buildings and services.

对汽车作为一种由载具、免下车建筑和服务组成的适应性居住系统的可移动和服务部件的可行性进行了深入的探讨。

The project is a preliminary study in the design of automated constructional, servicing and dismantling techniques applied to a large building development.

The building has been designed large enough to include its own component production units. these manufacture moulded reinforced plastic panels, which are conveyed, folded up, to their position in the structure and then open out to form usable floor space.

Plastics have been chosen in preference to steel as a constructional medium because the full advantages of on-site component production can be taken. In the case of plastics, transport consists of raw materials arriving at one of the ports and being, ideally, pumped through pipelines to the site production units.

In the case of steel, each member must be completed in the factory, which may be a great distance from the site.

该项目是对应用于大型建筑开发的自动化建筑、服务和拆除技术设计的初步研究。

这幢建筑设计得足够大,可以包括它自己的部件生产单元。这些产品制造了模压增强塑料面板,这些面板被运送、折叠起来,达到它们在结构中的位置,然后打开,形成可用的地板空间。

由于可以充分利用现场部件生产的优点,选择塑料而不是钢作为建筑材料。在塑料的情况下,运输包括原材料到达其中一个港口,并通过管道输送到现场生产单元。

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)


17.BEYOND ARCHITECTURE EXHIBITION

超越建筑展览

‘Projection of 640 images’. Exhibition held at the Museum of Modern Art, Oxford, opening 22nd February 1967.

640张的投影图像。展览于1967年2月22日在牛津现代艺术博物馆举行。

Over the last five years Archigram magazine has concerned itself with a break-out from stagnant, art-conscious architecture. Its discussions have passed through prefabrication, throw-away buildings, over-the-counter buildings to the comprehension of forces outside architecture that could be encompassed to widen its scope. More lately, the magazine and the group of architects with whom it is associated have been looking at ways of balancing these technologies against the basic freedom of the individual which it must serve.

It is now possible for every man, through the means of radio and other electronics to be a satellite of the forces of the entire world. Environment is no longer just a matter of hard buildings. A condition can be summoned-up by the turning of a switch. The old labels of ‘building’, ‘vehicle’, place’, ‘structure’ are becoming intermixed. A car may be a house or an extension of the foot that becomes an extension of the head. The emancipation of man is the controlling factor. The artefacts that the exhibition is concerned with need to be scrambled and open-ended in just this way as they will need to be when they become our way of living beyond the limits of architecture.

[Organised by Archigram and the Museum of Modern Art Oxford]

在过去的五年里,《archigram》杂志关注的是从停滞不前、艺术意识强烈的建筑中脱颖而出的。它的讨论已经通过预制、废弃建筑、场外交易的建筑来理解建筑之外的力量,这些力量可以被包括进来以扩大它的范围。最近,该杂志和与它有关联的一群架构师一直在寻找平衡这些技术与它必须服务的个人基本自由之间的方法。

现在,通过无线电和其他电子设备,每个人都有可能成为整个世界力量的卫星。环境不再只是硬建筑的问题。一个条件可以通过开关的转动而得到。“建筑”、“车辆”、“地点”、“结构”的旧标签正在变得混杂。汽车可以是房子,也可以是足部的延伸,成为头部的延伸。人的解放是控制因素。展览所关注的艺术品需要以这样的方式进行混乱和开放,因为当它们成为我们超越建筑界限的生活方式时,它们就需要这样。

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)


18.WALKING CITY

步行城市

Proposal for a nomadic city infrastructure in which urban utilities would not be tied to a specific location. Originally called Cities:Moving.

提议建立一个游牧式的城市基础设施,使城市设施不受特定地点的限制。最初叫移动城市。

Walking City imagines a future in which borders and boundaries are abandoned in favour of a nomadic lifestyle among groups of people worldwide. Inspired by NASA's towering, mobile launch pads, hovercraft, and science fiction comics, Archigram envisioned parties of itinerant buildings that travel on land and sea. Like so many of Archigram's projects, Walking City anticipated the fast-paced urban lifestyle of a technologically advanced society in which one need not be tied down to a permanent location. The structures are conceived to plug into utilities and information networks at different locations to support the needs and desires of people who work and play, travel and stay put, simultaneously. By means of this nomadic existence, different cultures and information is shared, creating a global information market that anticipates later Archigram projects, such as Instant City and Ideas Circus.

Walking City描绘了一个未来,在世界范围内,边界和边界被摒弃,取而代之的是一种游牧式的生活方式。受到美国宇航局高耸的移动发射台、气垫船和科幻漫画的启发,archigram设想了在陆地和海洋上旅行的流动建筑。就像许多Archigram的项目一样,步行城也期待着一个技术先进的社会的快节奏城市生活方式,在这个社会里,人们不需要被固定在一个固定的位置上。这些结构被设计成连接在不同地点的公用事业和信息网络,以支持工作和娱乐、旅行和停留在原地的人们的需求和愿望。通过这种游牧式的存在,不同的文化和信息被共享,创造了一个全球信息市场,预示着未来的存档项目,如即时城市和创意的马戏团。

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)


19.OASIS

绿洲

Speculative project for an ‘indeterminate’ civic building, sometimes cited as model for the Pompidou Centre. Published in Archigram.

一个“不确定的”城市建筑的投机项目,被引用作蓬皮杜中心的模型。发表在Archigram

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)


20.PLUG-IN UNIVERSITY NODE

插入大学节点

Speculative study of removal and replacement of one area of Plug-In City with specific University use.

以高校为例,对插件城市的一个区域进行去除和替换的投机性研究。

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)

(© The Archigram Archival Project)


About/关于

Archigram

Archigram的主要成员有彼得.库克、沃伦.查克( Warren Chalk)、朗.赫伦( Ron Herron)、丹尼斯.可朗普顿( Dennis Crompton)、迈克.韦伯(Michael Webb )、戴维.格林( David Greene)。这个组织后面的还有一个被称为“看不见的手”(the "hidden hand" )的人物,就是设计师西奥.克罗斯比(Theo Crosby)。克罗斯比担任《建筑设计》月刊( Architectural Design )的主编(1953–62),他给“建筑电讯派提供发表言论的版面、提供他们的概念设计的版面,等于给这个学派一个公开的平台。由于有了这个刊物,伦敦的”当代艺术院“( the Institute of Contemporary Arts ,简称ICA) 注意到他们,在1963年给他们举办了一个展览《活着的城市》(Living Cities),在 1964 年,克罗斯比请”建筑电讯“派在他为首的“泰勒.伍德罗设计组”(the Taylor Woodrow Design Group)做了一系列试验性的项目。 1961 年出版了《建筑电讯一》(the pamphlet Archigram I )这本小册子,是第一次完整的集中了他们的概念的出版物。

Archigram是现代最具开创性,反传统和影响力的建筑群体之一。他们创造了一些20世纪最具标志性的图像和项目,重新思考了技术,社会和建筑的关系,预测和设想了信息革命几十年来,并重新构建了一种完整的建筑教育模式 - 因此产生了一个缝隙具有真正全球影响力的建筑思想。

Archigram(建筑+电报)这个名字的发明是为了描述1961年由年轻建筑师Peter Cook和David Greene组成的自制杂志,首先与Mike Webb合作。这本自由形式的杂志旨在探索推翻20世纪60年代严格的现代主义指令的新项目和新思维。


More/更多

http://archigram.westminster.ac.uk/

http://www.archigram.net/


Render/相关阅读

Archigram档案概述与项目整理(上)│Culture

没有建筑的建筑 -Archigram │Culture

插电城市 -建筑电讯派(Archigram) │Culture


这是悬浮映画,人类一场想象力的遥远旅行谢谢你关注悬浮映画,这是一个不定时分享概念建筑,艺术,艺术家声音的微信号,最后提醒一下:这个公众号还不太正经。

(sry,今天没动图)


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