跟着M君记词汇⑨丨一起来做中国历史达人吧
大家好，我是M君，一个集经验
与才华于一身的良心小编。
跟着M君记词汇系列又一次在周六和大家见面啦，本期的词汇主题--中国历史。从先秦时代到明清时代，我国有着悠久的历史文化。从三皇五帝时代到辛亥革命时期，中国的历史丰富而精彩。不如今天和M君一起，学习一下中国历史的相关表达吧：
Day Day Up
先秦
旧石器时代 Old Stone Age
新石器时代 New Stone Age
部落联盟 Tribal Union
传说时代 Mythical history
三皇五帝 Three Sovereigns and Five Legends
黄帝 Huang Di, Huang Ti
炎帝 Yan Di, Yan Ti, Yan Emperor
华夏部 Huaxia Tribal Union
九黎部 Jiuli Tribal Union
三代 Great Reigns of Three Generations
尧天舜日 Great Reigns of Yao and Shun
禅让制 Abdicating and passing down the throne
大禹 Yu, the Great
夏朝 Xia dynasty
商朝 Shang dynasty
信史 Faithful history
殷墟 Ruins of Yin, Relic of Yin
甲骨文 Scripts on Oracle Bones
青铜年代 Bronze Age
周朝 Zhou dynasty
西周 Western Zhou
天命 Mandate of Heaven
天子 Son of the Heavenly King
周公旦 Duke of Zhou
分封制 Feudalism system
诸侯本人 Feudal lords
宗法制 Patriarchy
礼乐制度 Rites and Music Principals
周礼 Rituals of Zhou
成康之治 Great Reigns of King Cheng and King Kang
昭王伐楚 Campaign against Chu during King Zhao's Reign
穆天子之旅 Journey of King Mu
穆天子传 Tale of King Mu
国人暴动 Riot of people in the capital city
烽火戏诸侯 War Signal Drama
东周 Eastern Zhou
春秋 Spring and Autumn Period
战国 Warring States Period
春秋五霸 Five Hegemons
吴越争霸 Contention of Wu and Yue
战国七雄 Seven Warring States
百家争鸣 Hundred Schools of Thoughts
儒家 Confucianism
孔子 Confucius
孟子 Mencius
荀子 Xuncius
道家 Taoism
老子 Lao Tzu
庄子 Chuang Tzu
无为 Wu-wei, Action of actionless
墨家 Mohism
法家 Legalism
名家 Logicianism
阴阳家 School of Yin and Yang
纵横家 School of Diplomacy
小说家 School of Minor Talks
杂家 Syncretism
农家 Agriculturalism
医家 School of Medicine
兵家 School of Military
孙子兵法 The Art of War
孙子 Sun Tzu
四书五经 Four Books and Five Classics
论语 Analects of Confucius
大学 Great Learning
中庸 Doctrine of the Mean
诗经 Classic of Songs
书经 Book of Documents
礼记 Book of Rites
易经 Book of Changes
春秋 Annals of Spring and Autumn
六韬 Six Secret Teachings
商君书 The Book of Lord Shang
管子 Guanzi
韩非子 Han Feizi
法经 Canon of Laws
尸子 Shizi
列子 Liezi
竹书纪年 Bamboo Annals
战国四公子 Four Lords of Warring States
食客 Retainer
商鞅变法 Reform of Shang Yang in State Qin
胡服骑射 Riding and shooting in nomadic dress
井田制 Hashtag-shaped-field system
都江堰 Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project
太傅 Grand Tutor
太保 Grand Guard
太师 Grand Preceptor
秦汉
秦朝 Qin dynasty
秦始皇 First Emperor of Qin
兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors
焚书坑儒 Burning of Books and Burying of Confucianism Scholars
陈胜吴广起义 Dazexiang Uprising
郡县制 Administrative system with prefectures and counties
灵渠 Ling Canal
阿房宫 Epang Palace
封禅 Fengshan
楚汉战争 Chu-Han Contention
西楚霸王 Prince of Western Chu
汉朝 Han dynasty
匈奴 Xiongnu
冒顿单于 Modu Chanyu
军臣单于 Gunchen Chanyu
东胡 Donghu
游牧民族 Nomadic people
南蛮 Southern Barbarians
百越 Hundred Yue Tribes
文景之治 Great Reigns of Emperor Wen and Emperor Jing
七国之乱 Rebellion of seven feudatory states
罢黜百家独尊儒术 (to) Promote Confucianism and suppress other schools of thoughts
史记 Record of the Grand Historian
二十四史 The 24 Official History Accounts
丝绸之路 Silk Road
龟兹 Qiuci
焉耆 Yanqi
疏勒 Kashgar
月氏 Yueh-Chi
康居 Sogdiana
大宛 Dayuan
拔汗那 Ferghana
大夏 Bactria
朝鲜半岛汉四郡 Four Commanderies of Han in Korean Peninsula
贵霜 Kushan
安息 Parthia
大秦 Roman Empire
河西走廊 River-west Corridor, River-west Aisle, Hexi Corridor
玉门关 Jade Gate Pass
罪己诏 Edict of Introspection
西域都护府（西汉） Western Region Protectorate
西域长史府（东汉）Western Region Chief Administration Bureau
高句丽 Goguryeo
新朝 Xin dynasty
光武中兴 The Reign of Emperor Guangwu
造纸术 Paper-making technology
黄巾起义 Yellow Turbans Uprising
吕布 Lyu Bu
赤壁之战 Battle of Red Cliffs
察举制 Cha Ju system
三公九卿 Three Councillors and Nine Ministers/Chamberlains
丞相/宰相 Chancellor
司马 Chancellor of Wars
司徒 Chancellor of Masses
司空 Chancellor of Constructions
太常卿 Minister of Ceremonies
卫尉卿 Minister of Defense
光禄卿 Minister of Imperial Household
廷尉 Minister of Justice
宗正 Minister of Royal Clan
大司农 Minister of Finance
刺史 Cishi, the provincial-level governor
州牧 Zhoumu, the provincial-level governor
太守 Taishou, the prefectural-level governor
县令 Xianling, the county-level governor
中郎 Inner Gentleman
中郎将 Leader of court gentlemen
汉赋 Rhapsody poetry of Han dynastyy
汉书 Book of Han
后汉书 Book of Later Han
盐铁论 Discourses on Salt and Iron
金缕玉衣 A jade suit with golden wires
九章算术 Nine Chapters of Mathematics
昭君出塞 Wang Zhaoju's Marriage to Xiongnu
魏晋南北朝
三国 Three Kingdoms
六出祁山 Zhuge Liang's six northern expeditions/campaigns against Cao Wei
竹林七贤 Seven Sages in the Bamboo Forest
三国志 Records of Three Kingdoms
晋朝 Jin dynasty
八王之乱 The War of Eight Princes
永嘉之变 Disaster of Yongjia
五胡乱华 Five groups of barbarians invaded Northern China
鲜卑 Xianbei
嚈哒 Hephthalite
罽宾（犍陀罗） Gandhara
十六国 Sixteen Kingdoms
祖逖北伐 Northern Expeditions of Zu Ti
兰亭集序 Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Poems
书圣（王羲之）Master of Chinese calligraphy
田园诗 Poetry of Chinese Fields and Gardens
山水诗 Poetry of Chinese Landscapes
清谈 Pure Conversation
淝水之战 Battle of Fei River
前秦 Kingdom of Former Qin
晋书 Book of Jin
南北朝 Southern and Northern dynasties
北魏 Northern Wei
东魏 Eastern Wei
西魏 Western Wei
北齐 Northern Qi
北周 Northern Zhou
南朝宋 Liu Song dynasty
南朝齐 Southern Qi
南朝梁 Liang dynasty
南朝陈 Chen dynasty
孝文帝改革 Reform of Emperor Xiaowen
汉化 Sinicization
鲜卑化 Xianbeilization
云冈石窟 Yungang Grottoes
龙门石窟 Longmen Grottoes
鸠摩罗什 Kumarajiva
达摩 Bodhidharma
禅宗 Zen
净土宗 Pure Land Buddhism
华严宗 Flower Garland School
天台宗 Tiantai School
密宗 Esoteric School
法相宗 Faxiang School, Dharma Characteristic School
妙法莲华经 Lotus Sutra
柔然 Rouran
六镇起义 Riot of Six Military Towns
侯景之乱 Rebellion of Hou Jing
齐民要术 Essential Techniques for People's Welfare
水经注 Commentary on the Water Classic
世说新语 A New Account of Tales in the World
吐谷浑 Tuyuhun Kingdom
象雄 Zhang-Zhung
敕勒 Tiele
关陇集团 Military clans of Guanzhong and Longshan
士族 Nobel clans
庶族 Normal clans
府兵制 Local Militia system
玉树后庭花 Jade Tree and Backyard Flowers
南史 History of Southern Dynasties
北史 History of Northern Dynasties
魏书 Book of Wei
北齐书 Book of Northern Qi
周书 Book of Zhou
宋书 Book of Song
齐书 Book of Qi
梁书 Book of Liang
陈书 Book of Chen
玉台新咏 New Songs from the Jade Terrace
隋唐
隋朝 Sui dynasty
开皇之治 Great Reign of Kaihuang
科举考试 Imperial Exams
大运河 Grand Canal
三省 Three Departments
六部 Six Ministries
二十四司 Twenty-Four Bureaus
中书省 Department of Imperial Secretariats
门下省 Department of Chancellors
尚书省 Department of Imperial Affairs
吏部 Ministry of Personnel
户部 Ministry of Revenue
礼部 Ministry of Rites
兵部 Ministry of National Defense
刑部 Ministry of Justice
工部 Ministry of Constructions
突厥 Turks
薛延陀 Xueyantuo
土门可汗 Bumin Khan/Qaghan
达头可汗 Tardu Khan
启民可汗 Yami Khan
始毕可汗 Shibi Khan
颉利可汗 Illig Khan
杨玄感叛乱 Revolt of Yang Xuangan
瓦岗起义 Wagang Uprising
均田制 Equal-field system
新罗 Silla
百济 Baekje
隋书 Book of Sui
唐朝 Tang dynasty
玄武门之变 Xuanwu Gate Incident
贞观之治 Great Reign of Zhenguan
昭陵六骏 Six Steeds of Zhao Tomb/Mausoleum
高昌 Gaochang
吐蕃 Tibetan Empire
松赞干布 Songtsen Gampo
布达拉宫 Potala Palace
文成公主 Princess Wencheng
尺尊公主 Bhrikuti
苯教 Bon
莲花生大师 Padmasambhava
单于都护府 Chanyu Protectorate
安北都护府 An'bei Protectorate
安西都护府 An'xi Protectorate
北庭都护府 Beiting Protectorate
濛池都护府 Mengchi Protectorate
昆凌都护府 Kunling Protectorate
黑水都护府 Heishui Protectorate
安东都护府 An'dong Protectorate
安南都护府 An'nan Protectorate
安西四镇 Four Military Towns/Stations/Garrisons of An’xi Protectorate
熊津都督府 Ungjin Commandery
吐火罗都督府 Tocharian Commandery
条支都督府 Antiochia Commandery
碎叶 Suyab
别失八里 Beshbalik
拜火教 Zoroastrianism
厥特勤碑 Orhun Inscriptions
唐初十道 Ten Daos of Early Tang
长安东市 Eastern Market of Chang'an
长安西市 Western Market of Chang'an
大明宫 Daming Palace
曲江池 Qujiang Pond
宵禁 Curfew
京兆尹 Mayor of Capital City
武周 Second Zhou dynasty
武则天 Empress Wu Zetian
无字碑 Blank Monument of Wu Zetian
萨珊波斯 Sassanian Persia
倭马亚 Umayyad Caliphate
阿拔斯（大食） Abbasside Caliphate
怛罗斯之战 Battle of Talas
开元盛世 Great Reign of Kaiyuan
杨贵妃 Lady Yang
荔枝 Lychee
霓裳羽衣曲 The Song of Feathered Clothes with Colors of Rainbow
唐诗 Tang Poetry
李白 Li Bai 或者 Li Bo
诗仙 Master of Poetry
诗圣 Sage of Poetry
诗佛（王维） Buddha of Poetry
诗鬼（李贺）Phantom of Poetry
诗骨（陈子昂）Bone of Poetry
诗杰（王勃）The Outstanding Poet
诗奴（孟郊）Slave of Poetry
诗魔（白居易）Devil of Poetry
诗豪（刘禹锡）Elite of Poetry
诗狂（贺知章）The Mad Poet
诗瓢（唐求）The Calabash Poet
骈文 Pianwen, a type of rhythmical prose with perfect parallel lines
古文运动 Classic/Ancient Prose Movement
日本遣唐使 Japanese missions to Imperial China
开元占经 Treatise on Astrology of the Kaiyuan Era
安禄山 An Lushan
安史之乱 An Lushan's Rebellion
回纥汗国 Uighur Khanate
汗庭 Khan's Court
突骑施 Turgesh
葛逻禄 Karluks
黠戛斯 Kirgis 或者 Kyrghiz
节度使 Jiedushi
藩镇 Fanzhen
募兵制 Professional Militia system
折冲府 Zhechong Fu
十二卫军/十六卫军 12/16 divisions of Imperial Guards
盐业专售 Salt Commission
渤海国 Balhea
南诏国 Nanzhao
牛李党争 Factional Struggles between Niu and Li Parties
甘露之变 Ganlu Incident
唐蕃会盟 Tang-Tibetan Meeting
太监 Eunuch
会昌毁佛 Anti-Buddhism Campaign/Persecution in the Reign of Huichang
朗达玛 Langdarma
归义军 Guiyi Circuit
黄巢起义 Huang Chao('s) Uprising
旧唐书 Old Book of Tang
新唐书 New Book of Tang
边塞诗 Poetry of Military Service
唐会要 Institutional History of Tang
通典 Comprehensive Documents
酉阳杂俎 Miscellaneous Morsels from Youyang
大唐西域记 The Grand/Great Tang Record on the Western Region
给事郎 Supervising Secretary
进奏院 Capital Liaison Office
按察使 Surveillance Commissioner
五代宋元
五代十国 Five dynasties and ten kingdoms
沙陀人 Shatuo people
幽云十六州 16 Prefectures of You and Yun
旧五代史 Old History of Five Dynasties
新五代史 New History of Five Dynasties
宋朝 Song dynasty
陈桥兵变 Incident of Chenqiao Station
杯酒释兵权 Dismissing generals from their duties during a banquet
路 Circuit
府 Prefecture
契丹 Khitan
辽朝 Liao dynasty
耶律 Yelu
阿保机 Abaoji
睡王（辽穆宗）The sleeping emperor
澶渊之盟 Treaty of Chanyuan
岁币 Annual Tribute
党项 Tangut People
西夏 Western Xia
于阗王国 Khotan Kingdom
黑汗 Kara Khanid
西州回鹘 Xizhou Uighurs
大理国 Dali Kingdom
西南夷 Southwestern Barbarians
唐宋八大家 Eight Prose Masters of Tang and Song
清明上河图 Along the River During the Qingming Festival
梦溪笔谈 Dream Pool Essays
熙宁改革（王安石变法）Reform of Xining
宋词 Lyric Poetry
豪放派 Bold faction
婉约派 Restrained faction
词牌 Cipai
花石纲 The shipping of rare rocks
女真 Jurchen
金朝 Jurchen Jin dynasty
完颜 Wanyan
猛安 Meng'an, the Jurchen chiliarch
谋克 Mouke, the Jurchen centurion
耶律大石西征 Expedition of Yelyu Dashi
西辽 Qara Khitan, Kara Khitai
虎思斡耳朵（八剌沙衮）Balasagun
卡特万之战 Battle of Qatwan
花剌子模 Khwarazmian kingdom
靖康之变 Incident of Jingkang
岳家军 Yue Fei's Army
绍兴和议 Compromise of Shaoxing
海陵王 Prince of Hailing
交子 Jiaozi, the paper currency
活字印刷术 Typographic Printing Technology
宋明理学 Neo-Confucianism
宋四大书 Four Great Books of Song
太平广记 Extensive Records of the Taiping Era
太平御览 Imperial Readings of the Taiping Era
文苑英华 Finest Blossoms in the Garden of Literature
册府元龟 Archival Palace as the Great Oracle
宋史 History of Song
金史 History of Jin
辽史 History of Liao
蒙古汗国 Mongol Khanate
蒙古帝国 Mongol Empire
大斡耳朵 Grand Horde
乃蛮部 Naimans
塔塔尔部 Tatars
克烈部 Keraites
蔑儿乞部 Merkit
孛儿只斤 Borjigin
成吉思汗 Genghis Khan
铁木真 Temujin
窝阔台 Ogedei
托雷 Tolui
贵由 Guyuk
蒙哥 Mongke
忽必烈 Kublai
金帐汗国 Golden Horde Khanate
伊尔汗国 Ilkhanate
察合台汗国 Chagatai Khanate
窝阔台汗国 Ogedei Khanate
高丽 Goryeo
元朝 Yuan dynasty
达鲁花赤 Darughachi
色目人 Semu people
汉人 Han people in the north
南人 Southerners
行省 Branch Secretariats
宣政院 Bureau of Buddhism and Tibetan Affairs
红巾起义 Red Turbans Rebellion
元顺帝 Emperor Shun of Yuan
元曲 Yuan Qu, a type of poetry based on tunes of music
授时历 Calendar of Fixing Time
宋朝时的吐蕃诸部 Era of Fragmentation of Tibet
西藏法王 Prince of Dharma
噶当派 Kadam
噶举派 Kagyu
格鲁派 Gelug
萨迦派 Sakya
宁玛派 Nyingma
觉囊派 Jonang
仲敦巴 Dromton
萨迦班智达 Sakya Pandita
八思巴 Phagpa
元大都 Khanbaliq或者Dadu
上都 Xanadu或者Shangdu
和林 Karakorum
王保保 Koke Temur
孛罗帖木儿 Bolad Temur
明清
明朝 Ming dynasty
明教 Manicheism
胡惟庸案 Hu Weiyong Case
蓝玉案 Lan Yu Case
风闻言事 Impeach with hearsay
大学士 Grand Secretariat
靖难之役 Incident of Jingnan
燕王（朱棣）Prince of Yan
永乐盛世 Great Reign of Yong'le Emperor
永乐大典 Yong'le Encyclopedia
郑和下西洋 Zheng He's Voyages
仁宣之治 Great Reigns of Emperor Renzong and Emperor Xuanzong
土木堡之变 Incident of Tumu Fortress
夺门之变 The Restoration of Emperor Yingzong
大礼仪之争 The Great Controversy of Rites
倭寇 Japanese Pirates
隆庆新政 Reform of Longqing Emperor
张居正改革 Zhang Juzheng’s Reform
俺答封贡 The Investiture of Altan Khan
万历中兴 Reign of Wanli Emperor
万历三大征 Three Great Military Campaigns of Wanli Emperor
明末三大案 Three Cases of the Ming Court
东林党争 Factional Movement of Donglin Society
汉地十八省 China Proper
北元 Northern Yuan
鞑靼 Tatar Mongols
瓦剌（卫拉特）Oriats Mongols
奴儿干都司 Nurgan Military Commission
乌斯藏都司 U-Tsang Military Commission
朵干都司 Do-Kham Military Commission
帕木竹巴 Phagmodrupa
仁蚌巴 Rinpungpa
藏巴汗 Tsangpa
朝贡国 Tributary States
进贡 Pay the tribute
高丽 Goryeo
李氏朝鲜 Joseon
琉球王国 Ryukyu Kingdom
俺答汗 Altan Khan
蒙古左翼和右翼 Left Wing/Right Wing of Mongols
亦力把里 Ili-baliq
叶尔羌汗国 Yarkand Khanate
吐鲁番汗国 Turpan Khanate
土默特部 Tumod
哈密国 Kara Del
厂卫 Secret police agency of Ming dynasty
东厂 Eastern Depot
西厂 Western Depot
李自成起义 Li Zicheng Uprising
郑成功 Kosinga
南明 Southern Ming
明史 History of Ming
宗人府 Imperial Clan Court
清朝 Qing dynasty, Tsing dynasty
满族 Manchus
满洲 Manchuria
爱新觉罗 Aisin Gioro
努尔哈赤 Nurhaci
皇太极 Hong Taiji
多铎 Prince Dodo
多尔衮 Dorgon
叶赫那拉 Yehe Nara
山海关 Shanhai Pass
林丹汗 Ligdan Khan
铁帽子王 Iron-Cup Princes
八旗制度 Eight Banners
内务府 Office of Imperial Household
扬州十日 Ten Days of Desperate in Yangzhou, Yangzhou Massacre
三藩之乱 Revolt of Three Feudatories
鳌拜 Oboi
准噶尔汗国 Dzungar Khanate
噶尔丹 Galdan Boshugtu Khan
塔里木盆地 Tarim Basin
塔克拉玛干沙漠 Taklimakan Desert
和硕特汗国 Khoshut Khanate
喀尔喀蒙古 Khalkha Mongols
乌里雅苏台 Uliastai
唐努乌梁海 Tannu Uriankhai
宁古塔 Nimguta
康乾盛世 Great Reign of Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong Emperors
四库全书 Complete Book Collection in Four Sections
军机处 Grand Council of State (originally for military emergencies)
军机大臣 Military Chancellor
尼布楚条约 Treaty of Nerchinsk
文字狱 Literary Inquisition
汤若望 Johann Adam Schall von Bell
南怀仁 Ferdinand Verbist
大小和卓之乱 Rebellion of Altishahr Khojas
和珅 Niohuru Heshen
避暑山庄 Summer Mountain Resort in Chengde
鸦片战争 Opium War
南京条约 Treaty of Nanjing
割地 Cede
太平天国 Taiping Rebellion
天王（洪秀全）Heavenly King/Prince
捻军 Nian Rebellion
湘军 Xiang Army
第二次鸦片战争 Second Opium War
北京条约 Treaty of Peking
商埠 Treaty ports
租界 Concessions
中法战争 Sino-French War
洋务运动 Self-Strengthening Movement
汉阳兵工厂 Hanyang Arsenal
安庆内军械所 Anqing Imperial Arsenal
江南机器制造总局 Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau
左宗棠 Zuo Zongtang
同治陕甘之变 Dungan Revolt
洪福汗国 Jetti Shahar Khanate
戊戌变法 Wuxu Reform
北洋水师 Beiyang Fleet
甲午战争 First Sino-Japanese War
马关条约 Treaty of Shimonoseki
三国干涉还辽 Triple Intervention
义和团 Boxers
八国联军 Eight-Nation Alliance
辛丑条约 Boxer Protocol
东南互保 Mutual Protection of Southeast China
慈禧太后 Empress Dowager Cixi
兴中会 Revive China Society
预备立宪 Constitutionalization Movement
辛亥革命 Xinhai Revolution
孙中山 Sun Yat-Sen
总督 Viceroy of + 地名
千总 Company commander of 1000 men
把总 Commander of 400 men
清史稿 Draft History of Qing
其它
谥号 Posthumous name （比如汉武帝的武、晋元帝的元）
庙号 Temple name（比如唐太宗的太宗、元世祖的世祖）
年号 Era name 或者 Reign name（比如贞观、嘉靖、康熙）
尊号 Regnal name（比如武则天的则天）
姓 Surname 或者 Family name
氏（先秦）Secondary surname
名 Given name
字 Courtesy name
号 Art name
名讳 True name
乳名 Birth name
法号 Dharma name
训名 School name
避讳 Taboo of names
爵位 Nobility rank
太子 Crown Prince
九爵 Nine orders of nobility
亲王 Prince
郡王 Prefecture/Commandery Prince
国公 Duke
郡公 Prefecture/Commandery Duke
县公 County/District Duke
侯爵 Marquis
伯爵 Count
子爵 Viscount
男爵 Baron
世袭的 Hereditary
封建 to enfeoff
皇后 Empress
妃 Consort 或 highly-ranked imperial concubines
品秩 Grade/Rank in the Bureaucracy
正一品 First Rank Officials
从一品 Sub-First Rank Officials
正四品上 Upper Fourth Rank Official
正四品下 Lower Fourth Rank Official
从四品上 Upper Sub-Fourth Rank Official
从四品下 Lower Sub-Fourth Rank Official
奉朝请 People who qualified for imperial audiences
千牛卫 Imperial personal guard
千牛备身 Swordsmen in the personal guard
食邑 Feudatory land
官 Bureaucrat
吏 Government staff
四民 Four occupations
凌迟 Death by a thousand cuts
腰斩 Death by cutting the waist
绞刑 Death by hanging
车裂 Death by dismembering the body
廷杖 Tingzhang, a type of punishment that the guilty official would be spanked by wooden planks
流放 Be banished/exiled to + 地名
追封 Posthumous enfeoffment
钦差大臣 Imperial government inspector
监正 Supervisor of xxx directorate
诏书 Edict
奏章 Memorial to the emperor
俸禄 Salary for imperial officials
中央集权 Centralization of authority
龙袍 Panlong Robe 或者 Chinese Imperial Dragon Robe
衙门 Administrative Office
中书令 Secretariat Director
中书舍人 Secretariat Drafter
中书门下 Secretariat-Chancellery
同中书门下平章事 Joint Manager of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery
中散大夫 Grand Master of Palace Leisure
大理寺 Imperial Court of Justice
鸿卢寺 Office of Foreign Affairs
光禄寺 Office of Imperial Kitchen
著作局 Editorial office
转运使 Transport Commissioner
处置使 Supervisory Commissioner, an official that arranges and disposes of matters
黜陟使 Personnel Evaluation Commissioner, an official that evaluates, promotes or demotes other officials
国子监 Directorate of Education
将作院 Imperial Manufactories Commission
御史台 Censorate
法司 Judicial office
翰林院 Hanlin Academy, an organization in the central court with scholars who did drafting and editing works for the emperor
京兆尹 Metropolitan governor of capital city
教坊司 Imperial office of music
东宫 The House of Crown Prince
谏议大夫 Supervisory officer
光禄大夫 Grand Master of the Palace
主簿 Recorder
主书 Assistant drafters
主事 Director/secretary of xxx section in xxx ministry
主司 Examiner
漕运 Caoyun
茶马交易 Tea-Horse Trade
羁縻制度 Jimi system
进士 Nominees who passed the highest-level Imperial Examinations
贡士 Nominees who passed the national-level Imperial Examinations
举人 Recommendees/nominees who passed the local-level (provincial-level) Imperial Examinations
秀才/生员 Scholars/Educated people (qualified for local-level Imperial Examinations）
童生 Scholars haven't qualified for the local-level Imperial Examinations
冈仁波齐 Mount Kailash
葱岭 Pamir Plateau
兴都库什山 Hindukush Mountains
燕然山 Khangai Mountains
华阳国志 Chronicles of Huayang
三字经 Three Character Classic
百家姓 Hundred Family Surnames
千字文 Thousand Character Classic
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