未来，博物馆如何定义？（第三期）

面对近几十年来博物馆界发生的巨大变化，作为博物馆发展的指导性纲领，现有的博物馆定义似乎已落后于时代，无法反映目前博物馆的挑战、前景与责任。因此，国际博协（ICOM）邀请协会成员与其他相关成员共同参与博物馆新定义的提案，以制定一个全新的、更符合当下的博物馆定义。参与者可以2019年5月20日之前在国际博协官网的表格上提交新定义的提案，新提案也将官网上持续发布。最终，新定义将于2019年9月在第25届京都国际博协大会上讨论与决定。

最近官网上递交的关于新定义的提案突破100条，许多新颖的观点也频频涌现。在此之前，弘博网已整理翻译了两期，点击下方链接即可查看：

弘博网选择了一些最近更新的提案进行翻译，希望对大家有所启发。小编水平有限，疏漏之处还请大家指正。关注最新提案，请点击文章末尾的“阅读原文”前往ICOM官网进行浏览。

来自世界各国的提案

美国

博物馆是一个在人类和人类环境方面，展示共有经验的场所。

A museum is a place where we exhibit our shared experiences of humanity and our environment. 

阿根廷

如果说过去的博物馆是因保管、展示藏品而存在，那么当今博物馆就由他们为了让藏品能够公众被理解所做的努力来定义。

If museums of the past were created to preserve and exhibit collections, museums today are defined by what they do to make their collections accessible to the community.

德国

博物馆是保存人类物质和非物质文化遗产的场所，并且出于友好的目的，使其在全世界范围内展示、宣传。

The museum is the place care the materiell and immateriell cultural heritage of the mankind and present it for peaceful use worldwide and give knowledge with happieness. 

阿尔巴尼亚

博物馆是一个为社会服务的，由人类创造的多维度空间。它囊括，反映，分析了人类和自然遗存，在当下展示，向未来传递。

A museum is a multidimensional space created by the humans in the service of society. It contains, reflects, analyzes all the human-natural content of the time that has existed, and brings it to the present by transmitting it towards the future. 

乌克兰

博物馆是一个可供休闲、娱乐，接受教育并有利于个人发展的非营利性文化机构。

同时，它也是一种公共资源，可以从中获得关于人类物质和非物质文化遗产方面的知识，并深化对其认知，博物馆通过各种交流方式来获得，保管，研究，展示遗产来做到这一点。

The museum is a non-profit cultural center for recreation, entertainment, education, upbringing, and personality development. The museum is a public source of gaining and deepening knowledge about the tangible and intangible heritage of humanity, which it acquires, conserves, researches and promotes through various forms and methods of communication.

特立尼达和多巴哥

博物馆是这样一个空间，为了书写今天的历史，保留昨日的故事。每代人的文化和遗产在这里被珍藏、保护、传播。古老的生活也可以在这里与现代生活交汇，并在当下得到新的诠释。

Museums are spaces which preserves yesterday’s stories for today’s history.A space were cultures and heritage of generations are treasured, protected, respected, disseminated and were old lives from ancient times touches the new. 

委内瑞拉

博物馆是一个集合了这样一群人的空间，他们对自己的生活经历充满兴趣，即使这里面充满着人性的挑战。

Space for the meeting of people interested in confronting their life experience, with the challenge of humanity. 

芬兰

博物馆是一个服务性的组织，履行保存，教育，展示文化遗产的社会责任；满足观众在欣赏，学习文化遗产方面的需求，并且借助其产品和服务产生经济和社会价值。

A museum is a service organisation that helps its clients to fulfil their needs and responsibilities in enjoying, preserving, studying, teaching, and exhibiting heritage and culture, as well as generating economic and social wealth through its products and services.

意大利

博物馆是一个充满着变化的地方，在这里，社区为了社会的发展而集结、讨论、规划。同时，博物馆也是一片肥沃的土地，有利于新理念的滋长，创造性思维的发展。从这个角度来看，遗产作为一种动态的工具，被保存在全世界的博物馆里，可以让人们听见关于当代社会和主题的呼声。

A museum is where change takes place: in there, communities can gather, discuss and plan actions for the society in which they live. Museums are fertile places for the growth of new ideas and the development of creative minds. In this term, heritage, preserved inside museum institutions all around the world, can become a dynamic tool through which people can make their voices heard on the current topics and problems of contemporary society. 

巴西

博物馆通过保存世界各地人民有形和无形的记忆，为教育和文化的传播服务，使得博物馆在一定程度上可以维持经济和金融持续发展。

A museum is an institution with the right to economic and financial sustainability, at the service of educational and cultural diffusion, through the preservation of material or immaterial memory of local or global human interest.

英国

博物馆是一个为公众服务而存在的空间，利用其资源、藏品、和设计让不同的观众参与对话。作为一个有公信力的权威机构，博物馆存在的意义是通过分享、合作甚至辩论的方式，去传播关于全世界物质和非物质遗产的知识。他们为了与紧跟当今社会需求、保证未来的可持续发展，不断的调整活动形式、工作方法。此外，博物馆致力于社区和社会的发展，是一个给予在对话中有所贡献的人发声的平台。这是一个有意义的交流场所，也是一个可以休闲，并且促进社会融合的地方。

A museum exists to create spaces for the service of the public, using its resources, collections and programming to engage a diverse audience in a dialogue about ideas. The museum’s purpose, as a trusted authority, is to convey knowledge, both tangible and intangible, about the world around us. They do this through shared authority and collaboration while welcoming debate. They continually adapt practices and approaches in order to remain relevant to the needs of present communities and ensure sustainability for the future. The museum acts as a platform to give voice to those who contribute to this dialogue, with a commitment towards social and community development. It is a meaningful meeting place, a place for social gatherings and a place for entertainment. 

西班牙

博物馆是一个让社会展示与其关联或非关联的物件或元素的人类空间。有收集、保存的属性；也有学习，记录，传播的功能；也有对弱势人群的特别关注，使人们与周围的环境相连并相融。

A museum is all that the human space where society decides to deliver the objects or elements linked or not to herself. With the proper attributions of saving and preserving; study, document and disseminate; contextualize and link with your around. With special attention to the class of the most disadvantaged societies. 

伊朗

博物馆对于所有人来说，是一个文化包容的场所，是一个参与交流的场所。

它基于伦理道德，出于教育、激励、宣扬和平等目的，来保存、研究、解释和展示人类遗产。

Museums are as inclusive cultural houses of being-in conversation to all people, which preserve, investigate, interpret and display heritages of humanity based on ethics for the purposes of education, inspiration and peace. 

法国

在博物馆里，我们可以欣赏到多样的艺术品，其场馆里陈列的多数珍宝构成了人类遗产。通过欣赏艺术品，我们能感受到情绪，另外，这也是一种表达自己的方式。

A museum is a place where we can see a wide variety of arts. A museum offers in one place a multitude of treasure that make our heritage. Through these arts we often feel an emotion, it is also the way to express oneself.

来源：国际博物馆协会官网

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