JK罗琳言论惹争议
近日，《哈利·波特》作者J·K·罗琳（J.K. Rowling）因在社交媒体上的发言，涉嫌反跨性别群体而陷入风口浪尖，遭到了众多哈利·波特迷和明星的反对和指责，包括赫敏的扮演者艾玛·沃特森（Emma Watson）、小雀斑埃迪·雷德梅尼（Eddie Redmayne）等人。
无注释原文：
J.K. Rowling explains her gender identity views in essay amid backlash
CNN
Author J.K Rowling is once again trying to explain her views on gender identity amid backlash over statements she made on social media that have drawn criticism from some who brought many of her written works to the big screen, including Daniel Radcliffe and Eddie Redmayne.
"All I'm asking -- all I want -- is for similar empathy, similar understanding, to be extended to the many millions of women whose sole crime is wanting their concerns to be heard without receiving threats and abuse," Rowling, the mind behind the "Harry Potter" books, wrote in an essay published to her website on Wednesday.
Rowling has come under criticism in the past in the past for views that were perceived by some as transphobic. She became the target of ire again over the weekend for a Tweet mocking a headline about "people who menstruate."
"'People who menstruate.' I'm sure there used to be a word for those people," she tweeted on Saturday. "Someone help me out. Wumben? Wimpund? Woomud?"
The tweet, and her follow-up comments, prompted backlash from transgender activists, including Radcliffe, who wrote a piece for the Trevor Project.
In her 3,600-word essay, Rowling does not walk back her views. In fact, she gets into controversial topics such as transgender bathroom laws.
"I want trans women to be safe. At the same time, I do not want to make natal girls and women less safe," she says at one point, acknowledging elsewhere, "I believe the majority of trans-identified people not only pose zero threat to others, but are vulnerable for all the reasons I've outlined"
Attempting to explain how her own experiences influenced her view, Rowling discloses that she is a domestic abuse and sexual assault survivor.
"I'm mentioning these things now not in an attempt to garner sympathy, but out of solidarity with the huge numbers of women who have histories like mine, who've been slurred as bigots for having concerns around single-sex spaces," she wrote.
She adds: "The last thing I want to say is this. I haven't written this essay in the hope that anybody will get out a violin for me, not even a teeny-weeny one....I've only mentioned my past because, like every other human being on this planet, I have a complex backstory, which shapes my fears, my interests and my opinions. I never forget that inner complexity when I'm creating a fictional character and I certainly never forget it when it comes to trans people."
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含注释全文：
J.K. Rowling explains her gender identity views in essay amid backlash
CNN
Author J.K Rowling is once again trying to explain her views on gender identity amid backlash over statements she made on social media that have drawn criticism from some who brought many of her written works to the big screen, including Daniel Radcliffe and Eddie Redmayne.
backlash
表示“强烈抵制，集体反对”，英文解释为“a strong negative reaction by a large number of people, for example to sth that has recently changed in society”如：the male backlash against feminism 男性对女权主义的强烈反应。
美剧《无耻之徒》（Shameless）第一季中的台词提到：There will be a backlash if people don't stop 字幕组翻译为：如果人们不停止...的话，迟早会出大事。
"All I'm asking -- all I want -- is for similar empathy, similar understanding, to be extended to the many millions of women whose sole crime is wanting their concerns to be heard without receiving threats and abuse," Rowling, the mind behind the "Harry Potter" books, wrote in an essay published to her website on Wednesday.
empathy
表示“同感能力；共鸣；同情”，英文解释为“Empathy is the ability to share another person's feelings and emotions as if they were your own.”举个🌰：
Having begun my life in a children's home, I have great empathy with the little ones.
在一家儿童福利院长大使我对这些小孩子们怀有深深的同感。
电影《谍影重重4》（The Bourne Legacy）中的台词提到：Amped mission fidelity, minimized empathy 增强了任务忠诚度，降低了情感因素。
电影《爸爸的好儿子》（That's My Boy）中的台词提到：with unending empathy,encouragement and honesty, 永恒的爱 鼓励和忠诚。
abuse
1）不可数名词，表示“虐待”，英文解释为“Abuse of someone is cruel and violent treatment of them.”如：investigation of alleged child abuse 对涉嫌虐待儿童的调查。
2）不可数名词，表示“辱骂”，英文解释为“Abuse is extremely rude and insulting things that people say when they are angry.”举个🌰：
I was left shouting abuse as the car sped off.
当车加速离去时，我在那里破口大骂。
3）可数名词，表示“滥用”，英文解释为“Abuse of something is the use of it in a wrong way or for a bad purpose.”举个🌰：
What went on here was an abuse of power.
这里发生的情况是职权的滥用。
Rowling has come under criticism in the past for views that were perceived by some as transphobic. She became the target of ire again over the weekend for a Tweet mocking a headline about "people who menstruate."
transphobic
transphobic /trænsˈfoʊ.bik/
由transphobia /trænsˈfoʊ.bi.ə/「对跨性别者的恐惧或厌恶」转变而来，表示“跨性别恐惧症（的）”，英文解释为“relating to transphobia (= a fear or dislike of people who feel that they are not the same gender as the one they had or were said to have at birth)”。
美剧《神烦警探》（Brooklyn Nine-Nine）中的台词提到：And it only gets overtly transphobic at the very end, 只有在结尾的时候才展现出对跨性别人群的恐惧。
ire /aɪə/
表示“愤怒”，不可数名词，英文解释为“Ire is anger.”举个🌰：
Their ire was directed mainly at the company.
他们的愤怒主要针对该公司。
mock
表示“嘲笑；（为了取笑）模仿”，英文解释为“If someone mocks you, they show or pretend that they think you are foolish or inferior, for example by saying something funny about you, or by imitating your behaviour.”举个🌰：
I thought you were mocking me.
我以为你在嘲笑我。
menstruate
menstruate /ˈmɛnstrʊˌeɪt/ 表示“行经；来月经”，英文解释为“When a woman menstruates, a flow of blood comes from her uterus. Women menstruate once a month unless they are pregnant or have reached menopause.”
"'People who menstruate.' I'm sure there used to be a word for those people," she tweeted on Saturday. "Someone help me out. Wumben? Wimpund? Woomud?"
The tweet, and her follow-up comments, prompted backlash from transgender activists, including Radcliffe, who wrote a piece for the Trevor Project.
follow-up
1）作名词，表示“后续行动；后续事物”，英文解释为“an action or a thing that continues sth that has already started or comes after sth similar that was done earlier”举个🌰：
The book is a follow-up to her excellent television series.
这本书是继她的优秀电视系列片之后的又一力作。
2）也可作“形容词”表示“后续的；进一步的”。
prompt
作动词，表示“促使；导致；激起”，英文解释为“to make sb decide to do sth; to cause sth to happen”举个🌰：
His speech prompted an angry outburst from a man in the crowd.
他的讲话激起了人群中一男子的愤怒。
In her 3,600-word essay, Rowling does not walk back her views. In fact, she gets into controversial topics such as transgender bathroom laws.
walk back
表示“改变（自己之前的观点）”，英文解释为“to change an opinion that you had expressed before or admit that a statement you made was wrong”举个🌰：
He has since walked back his opposition to the bill.
从那以后，他就不再反对这项法案了。
"I want trans women to be safe. At the same time, I do not want to make natal girls and women less safe," she says at one point, acknowledging elsewhere, "I believe the majority of trans-identified people not only pose zero threat to others, but are vulnerable for all the reasons I've outlined"
natal
natal /ˈneɪtəl/ 表示“出生地的；出生时的”，英文解释为“relating to the place where or the time when sb was born”如：her natal home她出生的房子。
补充：
📍pre-natal，prenatal表示“产前的”（Prenatal is used to describe things relating to the medical care of women during pregnancy.）
Attempting to explain how her own experiences influenced her view, Rowling discloses that she is a domestic abuse and sexual assault survivor.
disclose
表示“透露”，英文解释为“If you disclose new or secret information, you tell people about it.”举个🌰：
Neither side would disclose details of the transaction.
双方都不会透露交易的细节。
"I'm mentioning these things now not in an attempt to garner sympathy, but out of solidarity with the huge numbers of women who have histories like mine, who've been slurred as bigots for having concerns around single-sex spaces," she wrote.
garner
garner /ˈɡɑːnə/ 表示“获得；收集”，英文解释为“If someone has garnered something useful or valuable, they have gained it or collected it.”举个🌰：
He has garnered extensive support for his proposals.
他为他的提议赢得了广泛的支持。
solidarity
表示“团结一致；相互支持”，英文解释为“If a group of people show solidarity, they show support for each other or for another group, especially in political or international affairs.”如：to express/show solidarity with sb 表示/表明支持某人。
在「Part 3」2020年政府工作报告中就提到同舟共济，come together in solidarity，原句：在疫情防控中，我们按照坚定信心、同舟共济、科学防治、精准施策的总要求，抓紧抓实抓细各项工作。Responding to the central Party leadership's call to stay confident, come together in solidarity, adopt a science-based approach, and take targeted measures, we have carried out all our work in a solid and meticulous manner.
slur /slɜː/
1）表示“诽谤，诋毁”，英文解释为“to harm someone's reputation by criticizing them”举个🌰：
The report slurs both the teachers and students.
该报道对教师和学生都进行了诋毁。
2）表示“含糊地说，口齿不清地说”，英文解释为“to pronounce the sounds of a word in a way that is wrong or not clear”举个🌰：
Her speech was slurred but she still denied she was drunk.
她口齿都不清楚了，但还不承认自己喝醉了。
电影《绝命海拔》（Everest）中的台词提到：things like slurred speech and irrational behavior 像含糊不清的话语和一些非理智的行为，字幕组：像传闻中的故事和一些非理智的行为。
电影《活女丧尸夜》（Night of the Living Deb）中的台词提到：Symptoms of the ailment include slurred speech, wild movement 疾病的症状包括：口齿不清 行为狂暴。
bigot /ˈbɪɡət/
表示“偏执的人；顽固盲从者”，英文解释为“If you describe someone as a bigot, you mean that they are bigoted.”举个🌰：
Anyone who opposes them is branded a racist, a bigot.
任何反对他们的人都被冠以种族主义者、偏执狂的污名。
形容词性：
📍bigoted /ˈbɪgətɪd/：showing strong, unreasonable beliefs or opinions and a refusal to change them 顽固盲从的；偏执的
动画片《南方公园》（South Park）中的台词提到了本文中的两个词，transphobic和bigoted，原句：This kind of transphobic and bigoted hate speech 这种跨性别恐惧症和狭隘的仇视言论...
She adds: "The last thing I want to say is this. I haven't written this essay in the hope that anybody will get out a violin for me, not even a teeny-weeny one....I've only mentioned my past because, like every other human being on this planet, I have a complex backstory, which shapes my fears, my interests and my opinions. I never forget that inner complexity when I'm creating a fictional character and I certainly never forget it when it comes to trans people."
get out a violin
get the violin out, 字面意思，“把小提琴拿出来”，什么意思？A violin is used to play sad music. So getting the violin out is to start to tell a sad tale. (Meaning roughly I want your sympathy.)
A sad story is often accompanied on television or radio by doleful violin music. When people say "get out the violin" they are expecting a sob story and mean lightheartedly to confer that they have limited sympathy for the teller.
更多的是，讽刺，幽默的意味。下次试试有身边的人“卖惨”，你就说，等等，我拿下小提琴：)
📍 not get the violin out，“不用把小提琴拿出来”-->“不用放悲伤的音乐”-->是否就可以理解为“不用同情我，不用可怜我，不用为我难过”（Not asking for any sympathy），你觉得呢，还有什么更好的解释吗？
teeny-weeny
teeny-weeny /'ti:ni'wi:ni/ 跟teeny一样的意思，表示“很小的”，英文解释为“very small”举个🌰：
Just a teeny slice of cake for me, please.
请给我来一小块蛋糕就行。
shape
1）表示“塑造”，英文解释为“Someone or something that shapes a situation or an activity has a very great influence on the way it develops. ”举个🌰：
Like it or not, our families shape our lives and make us what we are.
不管喜欢与否，我们的家庭塑造我们的生活并铸就我们的个性。
2）表示“使成…形”，英文解释为“If you shape an object, you give it a particular shape, using your hands or a tool.”举个🌰：
Cut the dough in half and shape each half into a loaf.
把生面团切成两半，分别捏成长条状。
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