期刊导航 | Urban Studies文章精选(202-207）

为了更好地传播知识，推动期刊国际合作，本刊与《城市研究》（Urban Studies）杂志达成网络合作，不定期推送友刊的精选文章摘要。读者们可以借此了解国际城市研究的新动向，同时学习城市研究领域学术英文的正规表达。欢迎大家批评指正。

Freight logistics and the city

货运物流与城市

Håvard Haarstad（挪威卑尔根大学）

Rafael Rosales（挪威卑尔根大学）

Subina Shrestha（挪威卑尔根大学）

首次出版时间：2023/5/30｜研究论文

Abstract：In this paper we argue that urban studies should consider freight logistics as an integral part of ongoing urban transformations. The movement of goods is increasingly shaping cities, and the implications for sustainability, liveability and justice are uncertain. Still, freight logistics has been largely overlooked in urban studies. This paper seeks to remedy this. First, we review current literature on freight logistics in cities, and find that it is broadly characterised by what has been called a ‘technical-rational model’. Second, we situate urban logistics in social and political processes of urban change. Finally, we point to key areas for urban scholars to explore at the intersections between urban logistics and urban change to better understand the role of freight logistics in urban sustainability transformations.

摘要：在本文中，我们认为城市研究应该将货运物流作为持续城市转型的一个组成部分。货物的流动正在日益塑造着城市，而其对可持续性、宜居性和公正的影响尚不确定。尽管如此，在城市研究中，货运物流仍然在很大程度上被忽视了。本文试图弥补这一不足。首先，我们查阅了目前关于城市货运物流的文献，发现整体具有所谓的“技术—理性模式”的特点。其次，我们将城市物流置于城市变革的社会和政治进程中。最后，我们指出了城市学者在城市物流和城市变革交叉点上需要探索的关键领域，以更好地理解货运物流在城市可持续性转型中的作用。

Keywords: cities, planning, transport, urban logistics, urban studies

关键词：城市，规划，运输，城市物流，城市研究

原文地址：https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980231177265

Urban planning and the knowledge politics of the smart city

智慧城市的城市规划与知识政治

Matthew Cook（英国开放大学）

Andrew Karvonen（瑞典隆德大学）

首次出版时间：2023/5/30｜研究论文

Abstract: Smart cities promote computational and data-driven understandings of the built environment and have the potential to reconfigure urban planning and governance practices in profound ways. Smart urbanisation is often presented as a politically neutral and socially beneficial approach to achieve urban sustainability goals but the emphasis on data gathering and algorithmic analysis and decision-making has the tendency to restrict how urban stakeholders know and act upon cities. In this article, we apply Artistotle’s intellectual virtues of techne, episteme and phronesis to critique current practices of smart cities, data-driven urbanism and computational understandings of cities as they relate to urban planning theory and practice. We argue that the rise of smart cities represents a partial return to early- to mid-20th-century positivistic knowledge politics and the reassertion of technical experts as the drivers of urban change. However, we also highlight the recent emergence of citizen-centred smart cities as an opportunity to promote value rationality in urban planning activities. We conclude that there is a need for greater integration of techne, episteme and phronesis in the pursuit of smart cities to ensure that digitalisation does not foreclose on certain ways of knowing cities but instead, provides a foundation to support a progressive knowledge politics of urban development.

摘要：智慧城市有助于我们以计算和数据驱动的方式理解建筑环境，并有可能深刻地重塑城市规划和治理实践。智慧城市化通常被呈现为一种政治中立的和对社会有益的方法，以实现城市可持续发展的目标，但对数据收集、算法分析和决策的强调，往往会限制城市利益相关者对城市的了解和采取的行动。本文运用亚里士多德的智德，即“技术（techne）、理论知识（episteme）和实践智慧（phronesis）”来评论当前的智慧城市实践、数据驱动的城市化以及对城市的计算化理解，因为这些都与城市规划理论和实践相关。我们认为，智慧城市的兴起代表了 20 世纪初期至中期实证主义知识政治的部分回归以及重新主张将技术专家作为城市变革的驱动力。然而，我们也强调最近出现的以市民为中心的智慧城市是一个契机，有助于提升城市规划活动的价值理性。我们的结论是，在追求智慧城市的过程中，需要进一步整合技术、理论知识和实践智慧，以确保数字化不会限制人们认识城市的某些方式，而是为支持城市发展的渐进式知识政治奠定基础。

Keywords: datafication, episteme, knowledge politics, phronesis, smart cities, techne

关键词：数据化，理论知识，知识政治，实践智慧，智慧城市，技术

原文地址：https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980231177688

Smart and disruptive infrastructures: Re-building knowledge on the informal city

智慧和颠覆性的基础设施——重建非正规城市的知识

Kerry Bobbins（英国埃克塞特大学）

Federico Caprotti（英国埃克塞特大学）

Jiska de Groot（南非开普敦大学）等11位作者

首次出版时间：2023/5/30｜研究论文

Abstract: Smart urbanism is an established research area in geography and the social sciences. We draw on ‘worlding-provincialising’ strategies identified in an Urban Studies Special Issue from February 2021 to explore how smart infrastructures, a form of smart urbanism, disrupt representations of informality and urban development in new and productive ways. Focussing on the disruptive or troublesome implications of smart infrastructures reveals site-level considerations for developing policy and practice, where acknowledging the nuanced context for its use can present opportunities for not only understanding energy transitions in the Global South, but also creates opportunities for cross-learning. Drawing on our collective insights on a solar mini-grid project in Qandu-Qandu, Cape Town, we sketch out three ways the disruptive aspects of solar energy can be helpful for re-building knowledge on the informal city by: (i) re-positioning notions of ‘formal’ and ‘informal’ infrastructure(s) in urban planning and policymaking; (ii) highlighting new avenues for citizen autonomy; and (iii) recasting the informal city as a site for continuous innovation and learning.

摘要：智慧城市化是地理学和社会科学的一个既定研究领域。我们借鉴《城市研究》（Urban Studies）2021年2月特刊（Special Issue）中介绍的“全球化—当地化”战略，探讨智慧基础设施作为智慧城市化的一种形式，如何以富有成效的新方式颠覆了对非正规性和城市发展的表述。通过重点关注智慧基础设施的颠覆性或棘手的影响，我们揭示了制定政策和实践的现场考虑因素，同时承认其使用的细微背景不仅可以为理解全球南方的能源转型提供机会，还可以创造相互学习的机会。根据我们对开普敦坎度—坎度（Qandu-Qandu）太阳能微电网项目的集体洞察，我们概述了太阳能的颠覆性方面可以通过以下三种方式帮助重新建立关于非正规城市的认识：（1）重新定位城市规划和政策制定中的“正规”和“非正规”基础设施的概念；（2）强调公民自治的新途径；（3）将非正规城市重塑为一个持续创新和学习的场所。

Keywords: energy, informality, off-grid, smart infrastructure, urban studies

关键词：能源，非正规性，离网，智慧基础设施，城市研究

原文地址：https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980231172582

Repurposing retail space: Exploring stakeholder relationships

重新利用零售空间——探讨利益相关者的关系

Cath Jackson（英国谢菲尔德大学）

Victoria Lawson（英国格拉斯哥大学）

Allison Orr（原英国格拉斯哥大学，已退休）

James White（英国格拉斯哥大学）

首次出版时间：2023/6/14｜研究论文

Abstract: The retail sector is experiencing unprecedented change, from ongoing shifts in shopping behaviour to retailer rationalisation and business failure. Internationally, this is impacting the crucial economic and social role of many highly developed city centres. This paper examines how key stakeholders have responded to the challenges of adapting city centres for the future. Empirically, the paper draws on a series of repurposing schemes across five case study cities. Conceptually, theories of assemblage are used as an analytical framework to understand how heterogeneous networks combine to repurpose city centres. The paper makes a distinctive contribution by revealing symbiosis between mixed uses that challenge traditional high street norms, and suggests that harnessing common desires could underpin productive shared governance and support business communities’ efforts to bring vibrancy and enhance resilience.

摘要：零售业正经历前所未有的变革，从购物方式的不断转变到零售商的合理化和业务失败。国际范围内，这正影响着许多高度发达的城市中心的关键经济和社会角色。本文探究了主要利益相关者对未来调整城市中心的挑战所作的回应。在实证上，本文引用了五个案例城市的一系列重新利用方案。在概念上，本文采用装配理论作为分析框架，以了解如何将异构网络综合起来重新利用城市中心。本文的贡献点是揭示挑战传统商业街规范的混合用途之间的共生关系。此外，本文还提出通过共同的愿景来支撑富有成效的共享治理，以及支持商业社区的各项举措以营造活力和增强韧性的建议。

Keywords: assemblage, cities, relationships, repurposing, resilience

关键词：装配，城市，关系，重新利用，韧性

原文地址：https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980231178776

The politics of urban densification in Oslo

奥斯陆的城市密集化政治

Kristin Kjærås（挪威卑尔根大学）

首次出版时间：2023/6/17｜研究论文

Abstract: Urban density is central to pressing questions concerning low-carbon lifestyles, affordable housing and global land use patterns. However, for many densifying cities, problems of inequality, climate emissions and social sustainability often remain unsolved or exaggerated. Adopting a relational perspective, this paper explores the politics of urban densification in Oslo, Norway. Arguing that urban density is assembled as particular political projects, the paper seeks to understand the achievements urban densification projects bring together, from housing policy to environmental policy, property schemes and financial strategies. Based on a qualitative study of urban densification strategies and projects in Oslo, the paper develops a typology of hegemonic and counterhegemonic urban density discourses and contributes to a discussion of how economically, socially and environmentally different kinds of urban densities may be assembled.

摘要：城市密度是低碳生活方式、可负担住房和全球土地使用模式等迫切问题的核心。然而对于许多密集化的城市来说，不平等、气候排放和社会可持续性等问题往往仍未解决或被夸大。本文采用关系视角，探讨了挪威奥斯陆城市密集化的政治。本文认为，城市密度是在特定政治项目下形成的。本文试图理解城市密集化项目所带来的成就，包括住房政策、环境政策、物业方案和金融策略。基于对奥斯陆城市密集化战略和项目的定性研究，本文对霸权和反霸权的城市密度论述进行了分类，有助于讨论如何在经济、社会和环境方面形成不同类型的城市密度。

Keywords: compact urbanism, neoliberalism, Oslo, urban density, urban sustainability

关键词：紧凑型城市化，新自由主义，奥斯陆，城市密度，城市可持续性

原文地址：https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980231178190

以上内容源自

相关阅读

排版 | 顾春雪

推介 Urban Studies 期刊的最新文章和城市研究的最新动态

搭建中国城市研究学者交流切磋的学术平台

城市研究速递

微信号：usj_2022