【预习】仁爱版九年级英语上册 Unit 4 Topic 1 知识汇总
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往期知识汇总：
| Unit 1 Topic 1 | Unit 1 Topic 2 | Unit 1 Topic 3 |
| Unit 2 Topic 1 | Unit 2 Topic 2 | Unit 2 Topic 3 |
| Unit 3 Topic 1 | Unit 3 Topic 2 | Unit 3 Topic 3 |
01 Unit4 Topic1 单词
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| rocket | n.火箭 |
| metal | n.金属 |
| satellite | n.卫星 |
| spaceship | n.宇宙飞船 |
| lock | n.锁 v.(用锁)锁上,被锁住 |
| laptop | n.手提电脑 |
| bulb | n.电灯泡 |
| airplane | n.飞机 |
| Korea | n.朝鲜;韩国 |
| invention | n.发明,创造 |
| list | v.列清单,把……列表 n.名单;目录;清单 |
| thought | n.想法,看法,主意 |
| silly | adj.愚蠢的,傻的 |
| brainstorm | v.集思广益,动脑筋 |
| evaluate | v.估值,评价,评估 |
| detailed | adj.详细的 |
| redesign | v.重新设计 |
| imagination | n.想象力;相像 |
| balloon | n.气球;热气球 |
| gun | n.枪,炮 |
| robot | n.机器人 |
| keyboard | n.键盘 |
| explorer | n.探险者,勘探者 |
| mark | n.标示;记号;符号 v.做记号,做标记 |
| system | n.体系,方法,制度 |
| digital | adj.数码的,数字的 |
| crayon | n.彩色铅笔(粉笔、蜡笔)等 |
| man-made | adj.人造的;非天然的 |
| hard-wearing | adj.耐磨的 |
02 Unit4 Topic1 课文视频
p81-1a 动画：
p83-1a 动画:
p85-1a 动画：
03 Unit4 Topic1知识梳理
Topic1 When was it invented?重点短语：1.be (not) allowed to do sth. (不)被允许做某事2.allowed sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事3.sb. spend some time/money on sth./(in) doing sth.某人话费时间/钱在某事上/做某事4.show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb.为某人展示某物5.be made of 由……制成(能看出原材料) be made from 由……制成(不能看出原材料)be made by sb. 被某人制造be made in sp. 在某地被制造be made into sth. 被制成什么6.be used for… 被用来……(强调用途或作用) be used to do… 被用来……(强调目的) be used as… 被用作…… be used by sb. 被某人使用7.It’s said that 据说8.come about 发生9.achieve/realize one’s dream 实现某人梦想10.during/in one’s life 在某人的一生中11.a new way of doing sth. 一种做某事新方式12.the result of ……的结果13.laugh at sb.嘲笑某人14.do more research 做更多调查15.find out 找出，查明16.work well 效果很好17.as long as 只要18.at any time 在任何时间19.in any place 在任何地方
词形转换：1.invent v.发明 inventor n.发明家 invention n.[C]发明物2.think v.想，认为，思考 thought n.[C]想法，看法，主意3.imagine v.想象 imagination n.想象力，想象4.detail n.细节，详情 detailed adj.详细的5.explor v.探索，勘探 explorer n.探险者，勘探者
重点句型：1.What’s it made of/from?它由什么制成？2.I wish I could go into space some day.我希望有一天我能进入太空。3.I hope your dream will come true.我希望你的梦想将会实现。4.Who invented it?谁发明了它？5.Who was it invented by?它被谁发明的？6.--What’s it used for? --It’s used for writing on. --它被用于做什么？ --它被用于写。7.I was not allowed to play computer games last night.昨晚我不被允许玩电脑游戏。8.It’s bad for your health if you spend too much time on them.如果你发现太多时间在它们上面对你的眼睛有害。9.--When and where was it developed? --It was developed inJapanin the 1970s. --它什么时候在哪儿被研制的？ --它在20世纪70年代在日本被研制。10.It’s said that he invented more than two thousand things during his life.据说他发明了两千多项发明在他的一生中。11.Inventing is interesting and exciting and everyone can be an inventor.发明是有趣令人激动的并且每个人都能成为一个发明家。
【重点语法】宾语补足语宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语，与宾语一起构成复合宾语。可作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、介词和动词不定式等。
（一）名词、形容词、副词、介词短语作宾语补足语。如：1. We call him Jim.（名词） 我们叫他吉姆。2. We must keep our school clean every day.（形容词） 我们必须每天保持校园清洁。3. Call him in, please.（副词） 请叫他进来。4. Leave it on the desk.（介词短语） 把它留在课桌上。
（二）动词不定式作宾语补足语可分为三种情况
1. 跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语。常见的这类动词有：ask, tell, get, teach, want, invite, like, allow, wish, encourage等。如：Tell Jane to sing us a song.叫简给我们唱支歌。
2. 跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。常见的这类动词有“一感（feel）、二听（listen to, hear）,三让（make, let, have）,四看（look at, see, watch, notice）如：Let’s have a rest.让我们休息一会儿。但这种结构变成被动语态时，to必须加上。如：He was seen to leave the room with a book in his hand.有人见他手拿着一本书离开这个房间。
3. 跟带to或不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。这类动词只有help。如：Can you help me (to) wash my clothes ? 你能帮我洗衣服吗？
（三）分词作宾语补足语可分为两种情况
1. 现在分词作宾语补足语，经常表示正在发生的动作。可跟这类补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear等。如：I hear somebody singing in the next room. 我听见有人在隔壁唱歌。
2. 过去介词作宾语补足语，经常表示被动。如：You need to have your hair cut. 你需要理发了。
【话题写作】根据提示，写一篇80词左右的短文。汽车是世界上最重要的运输工具之一，它的发明极大地影响了人们的生活。过去人们常常靠马、骆驼等动物来旅行或运送货物。汽车不仅舒适快捷，同时还可运送大量的人员和货物。汽车的发明还为人们提供了大量的就业机会。生词提示：汽车 automobile，运输 transportation，货物 goods，大量 large quantities of
【参考范文】The automobile has become one of the most important means/ways of transportation in the world since it was invented. The automobile has completely changed the lifestyles of almost all the people in the world.In the past, animals like horses and camels were used for traveling and transporting goods. Automobiles are more comfortable and faster. Automobiles have also made it possible for us to transport large quantities of goods and people at the same time.Besides, the invention of the automobile has provided jobs for millions of people all over the world.
04 Unit4 Topic1同步翻译
Unit 4 Amazing science.
Topic 1 When was it invented?
Kangkang:Jane, why are you unhappy?
康康：简，你怎么不高兴啊？
Jane:Because I was not allowed to play computer games last night.
简：因为我昨天晚上没玩成电脑游戏。
Kangkang:It's bad for your health if you spend too much time on them.
康康：你如果花太多时间玩游戏的话会有损健康。
Jane:Maybe you're right.
简：或许你说得对。
(Kangkang shows a model to Jane.)
（康康给简看了一个模型。）
Kangkang:Look at this.
康康：你看。
Jane:A model rocket! Who made it?
简：一个火箭模型！谁做的？
Kangkang:It was made by me.
康康：我做的。
Jane:Wow! What's it made of?
简：哇！它是用什么做成的？
Kangkang:It's made of metal. Do you know what a rocket is used for?
康康：用金属做成的。你知道火箭是用来干什么的吗？
Jane:Sure. It's used for sending satellites or spaceships into space.
简：当然啦。它是用来把卫星或宇宙飞船发往太空的。
Kangkang:You're right. I've learned a lot about spaceships from Mr. Brown and then I made this model rocket. I wish I could go into space some day.
康康：是的。我从布朗先生那里学到了很多关于太空飞船的知识，然后我就做了这个火箭模型。我希望有一天能够飞往太空。
Jane:I hope your dream will come true.
简：祝你愿望成真。
Michael:Look, a light bulb!
迈克尔：看，一个灯泡！
Jane:Yeah. it is widely used by people everywhere. Do you know when it was invented?
简：嗯。现在各地的人们都广泛使用灯泡。你知道灯泡是什么时候发明的吗？
Michael:It was invented in 1879.
迈克尔：是1879年。
Jane:Who invented it?
简：谁发明的？
Michael:Thomas Edison. It's said that he invented more than two thousand things during his life.
迈克尔：托马斯·爱迪生。据说他一生中发明了两千多种东西。
Jane:What about the radio?
简：那收音机呢？
Michael:The radio was invented by Guglielmo Marconi in 1895. Jane, let's go this way. Look! An airplane, but it's different form today's.
迈克尔：收音机是由古列尔莫·马可尼在1895年发明的。简，我们走这边。看！有一架飞机，不过它跟现在的飞机不一样。
Jane:Yes. It was invented by Wilbur and Orville Wright in 1903.
简：是的。这是威尔伯和奥威尔·莱特在1903年发明的。
An invention may be a new product or a new way of doing things. Inventions come about in many ways.
一项发明可以是一种新产品或者一种做事的新方法。发明会以各种方式出现。
Most of the time, inventions happen because someone works to solve a problem. Sometimes inventions are the result of accidents. Look at your schoolbags. You have pencils, pens, crayons, rulers and some books. None of these things was planted in fields. They were made in factories and invented by someone.
多数情况下，出现一项发明是因为有人努力去解决一个问题。有时候发明是意外的结果。看看你的书包。你有铅笔、钢笔、蜡笔、尺子和一些书。这些东西没有一样是天然存在的。它们是在工厂里制造出来，被人们发明出来的。
Inventing is interesting and exciting and everyone can be an inventor.
发明既有趣又令人兴奋，每个人都可以是一位发明家。
Do you want to be an inventor? These are a few simple steps to follow in the invention process.
你想成为发明家吗？这些是在发明过程中要经历的一些简单步骤。
You can have wild and crazy thoughts. Remember that no idea is too silly. Many people laughed at the Wright brothers and said they would never fly. But they weren't discouraged by what people said. That's why now we have planes.
你可以有疯狂又大胆的想法。记住没有什么想法是愚蠢的。很多人曾嘲笑莱特兄弟，说他们永远都飞不起来。但是他们并没有被人们的话打击。所以现在我们有了飞机。
Careful planning is important in the invention process. This is the time to brainstorm for idea and to evaluate them.
认真计划是发明过程中很重要的一点。也就是说要集思广益，评估观点。
Make a detailed drawing of your invention so others will understand how your invention works. Make a model of your invention. See if your invention works as it is planned. If not, do more research, redesign it, and test it again.
把你的发明详细画出来，这样别人就能懂它是如何运作的。为你的发明做一个模型。看你的发明是否能像计划的那样工作。如果不能，就继续研究，重新设计，再次测试。
Every invention needs a name. Share your inventions with others.
每项发明都需要名字。跟大家分享你的发明。
Where Are We?
我们在哪里？
Where are we?
我们在哪里？
That was a big question when we first explored our world long ago.
很久以前人们刚开始探索世界的时候这是一个很困难的问题。
The early explorers found that the stars in the sky were good guiding marks.
早期的探索家发现天空中的星星是很好的标记。
Using the stars, they could find out where they were and in which direction they were going.
通过星星，他们能够知道自己在哪里，在往哪个方向前进。
This method worked well at night as long as the weather was good and the stars could be seen.
只要天气晴朗，星星清晰可见，这种方法就很有效。
But it didn't work so well during the rest of the time.
但是其他时间效果就不太好了。
That was a problem.
这是个问题。
Today, the problem has been solved by the Global Postitoning System(GPS).
现在，这个问题已经被全球定位系统（GPS）解决了。
It is like a man-made star.
它就像是人造星星。
We can use it at any time, in any place and in any weather to find out our position.
我们随时随地、在任何天气状况下都能用它找到我们的位置。
It can also be used to study the shape of the earth.
它还可以用来研究地球的形状。
The GPS is a great invention that helps us explore our planet and discover where we are.
全球定位系统是一个很伟大的发明，能够帮助我们探索地球，寻找位置。
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