美文选刊｜中华美食行天下（下）
The following article is from 英语世界 Author WE
Top 10 Popular Chinese Dishes on Foreigners’ Tables (II)
外国人餐桌上常见的十道中国美食（下）
译/游琼琼 审订/仲文明
06
Dumplings
饺子
During the Spring Festival, Chinese families will get together and have dumpling parties. It is said that the dish was invented by Zhang Zhongjing, one of the finest Chinese physicians in history. Dumplings have a 1,800 year long history which is why it is one of the most popular traditional foods in China and extremely popular in Western countries.
每逢春节，中国人会全家团聚，一起吃饺子。据说饺子由东汉名医张仲景首创，距今已有1800年的历史。饺子是中国最受欢迎的传统美食之一，同时也受到西方人的大力追捧。
They may be cooked by boiling, steaming, simmering, frying or baking.
饺子的烹调方法主要有煮、蒸、炖、炸、烤等。
Dumplings feature thin skin, soft stuffing, and unique shapes. Dumpling stuffings are various, including pork, beef, cabbage, carrots, and/or onions among others. Deep cultural meanings are usually associated with this dish, for example dumplings stuffed with celery is called “qin cai jiao” in Chinese, which is a homophone for the phrase that means “hard working and lots of wealth.”
饺子皮薄馅松，造型独特。饺子馅料丰富，猪肉、牛肉、卷心菜、萝卜、洋葱等均可。饺子常有深刻的文化寓意，如用芹菜作为馅料的饺子称为芹菜饺，因“芹”“菜”分别与“勤”“财”谐音，寓意“勤劳和财富”。
Main Ingredients: meats, vegetables and flour.
主要食材：肉类、蔬菜、面粉。
05
Spicy Tofu (Mapo doufu)
麻辣豆腐（麻婆豆腐）
Spicy Tofu, known in Chinese as “mapo doufu”, is one of the most famous dishes from Sichuan cuisine. The dish features the trademark “hot” spiciness along with the characteristically tongue-numbing nature of Sichuan’s flavorful food.
麻辣豆腐，又称麻婆豆腐，是川菜中最有名的菜肴之一。食用后口舌俱麻，唇齿留辣，充分体现了川菜“麻辣”的特点。
Spicy Tofu can be found in restaurants all over China, as well as in South Korea and Japan, where the flavors are adapted to local tastes. The Japanese style still retains the “spiciness”, even though spicy is not the preferred taste in Japanese cuisine, and is coupled with Japanese rice.
中国各地餐馆里均能见到麻婆豆腐。在韩国、日本也很常见，不过加入了当地风味。尽管日本料理不以“辣”见长，但日式做法仍然保留了这一特点，食用时通常搭配日本米饭。
Main Ingredients: tofu (Bean Curd) and beef.
主要食材：豆腐、牛肉。
04
Egg-fried Rice
蛋炒饭
Originally from China’s ancient western regions, egg-fried rice has now become part of Chinese people’s daily cuisine. Famous for its aromatic smells, soft textures and handsome presentation, one can easily find this popular dish anywhere in China, from high class hotels to family-run restaurants on the street.
蛋炒饭最早出现于中国西部地区，现今已经成为中国人的家常菜。本品香气扑鼻、质地松软、望之令人垂涎，在中国的高级酒店或街边小摊均能见到。
While it is fairly easy to make, there are some points that should be kept in mind: use left-over rice rather than newly-cooked rice for better taste. Additionally, before frying, the rice should be churned up.
本品烹饪方法虽然简单，仍有几点需要注意：为保证口感，用剩饭而不用新饭；炒前应充分搅拌。
Main Ingredients: rice, eggs and oil.
主要食材：大米、鸡蛋、食用油。
03
Spring Rolls
春卷
Spring rolls are an appetizer, eaten either fresh or fried.They are usually eaten during the Spring Festival in China, hence the name. The dish bears very auspicious meanings as it resembles gold bars and people tend to link them with ideas of wealth. Of course, they also taste good.
春卷是道开胃点心，炸制或即食均可。本品通常在春节期间食用，因而得名春卷。春卷外观酷似金条，因而寓意财富。当然味道也很好。
Main Ingredients: flour, pork, vegetables and oil.
主要食材：面粉、猪肉、蔬菜、食用油。
02
Kung Pao (Gong Bao) Chicken
宫保鸡丁
Kung Pao Chicken is the most famous dish of Guizhou cuisine. It is popular among both Chinese and foreigners. Ask a foreigner to name some of Chinese dishes, Kung Pao Chicken will be one of them.
宫保鸡丁是一道贵州名菜，颇受中外食客青睐。如果让外国人列举几道中国菜，宫保鸡丁一定包含在内。
The dish is named after Ding Baozhen, a late Qing Dynasty official. Born in Guizhou, Ding served as the head of Shandong province and later as the governor of Sichuan province. His title, Gong Bao, or palatial guardian, is where the name Kung Pao Chicken derives.
这道菜以晚清名臣丁宝桢命名。丁宝桢原籍贵州，曾任山东巡抚，后任四川总督，逝世后被清廷追赠 “太子太保”衔，世称“丁宫保”，本品也因此得名。
Main Ingredients: chicken, dry red peppers and peanuts.
主要食材：鸡肉、干辣椒、花生米。
01
Sweet and Sour Pork
咕咾肉/糖醋鸡
Sweet and Sour Pork is a Chinese dish that is particularly popular in Cantonese cuisine and can also be found in Zhejiang cuisine, Sichuan cuisine, and Shandong cuisine. The dish is now popular all over the world. With its great look and taste, Sweet and Sour Pork takes the cake among foreigners’ favorite Chinese dishes.
咕咾肉是一道经典名菜，在浙菜、粤菜、川菜、鲁菜中都有一席之地，其中以粤菜做法最负盛名。现今这道菜闻名全球。本品酸甜可口、色泽诱人， 是外国人最为青睐的中国菜肴之一。
Main Ingredients: pork tenderloin, soy sauce, ketchup, salt, vinegar, bell pepper and onion.
主要食材：猪里脊肉、酱油、番茄酱、食盐、醋、甜椒、洋葱。
（选自《英语世界》2017年第9期）
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