「Part 8」2020政府工作报告中英文对照注释版
III．Forcefully implementing macro policies to keep businesses and employment stable
注：
加大...实施力度
forcefully implement ...
稳企业保就业
keep businesses and employment stable
保障就业和民生，必须稳住上亿市场主体，
To ensure employment and people’s well-being, we must instill confidence in over one hundred million market entities;
注：
保障就业和民生
ensure employment and people’s well-being
市场主体
market entities
稳住...--->注入信心/灌输信心
instill confidence in ...
📍 instill表示“逐渐灌输”（to put a feeling, idea, or principle gradually into someone's mind, so that it has a strong influence on the way that person thinks or behaves）举个🌰：
It is part of a teacher's job to instil confidence in/into his or her students.
教师的部分职责是逐渐培养学生的信心。
尽力帮助企业特别是中小微企业、个体工商户渡过难关。
and we must do our utmost to help enterprises, particularly micro, small, and medium businesses, and self-employed individuals get through this challenging time.
注：
中小微企业
micro, small, and medium businesses
个体工商户
self-employed individuals
加大减税降费力度。
We will further cut taxes and fees.
强化阶段性政策，与制度性安排相结合，放水养鱼，助力市场主体纾困发展。
We will aggressively implement current policies in conjunction with institutional arrangements to create a more enabling environment and help market entities overcome difficulties and achieve development.
注：
与...相结合
in conjunction with
制度性安排
institutional arrangements
纾困（缓解困难）
ovecome difficulties
「类似表述对比」
2019年报告：千方百计帮助解忧纾困 we used every feasible means to help them overcome problems and concerns.
今年继续执行下调增值税税率和企业养老保险费率等制度，新增减税降费约5000亿元。
We will continue implementing reductions of VAT rates and the share of employees’ basic old-age insurance paid by enterprises, and we will make further tax and fee cuts of about 500 billion yuan.
注：
增值税税率
VAT rates
增值税
VAT（Value Added Tax）
企业养老保险费率
the share of employees’ basic old-age insurance paid by enterprises
前期出台六月前到期的减税降费政策，包括免征中小微企业养老、失业和工伤保险单位缴费，减免小规模纳税人增值税，免征公共交通运输、餐饮住宿、旅游娱乐、文化体育等服务增值税，减免民航发展基金、港口建设费，执行期限全部延长到今年年底。
The policies introduced early this year that are due to expire by June will all be extended till the end of the year. They include the following: exempting micro, small, and medium businesses from contributions to basic old-age insurance, unemployment insurance, and work injury compensation insurance schemes; reducing or cancelling VAT for small-scale taxpayers; exempting VAT on services such as public transportation, restaurants and hotels, tourism and entertainment, and culture and sports; and reducing or cancelling civil aviation development fund contributions and port development fees.
注：
延长到今年年底
be extended till the end of the year
中小微企业
micro, small, and medium businesses
养老保险
basic old-age insurance
失业保险
unemployment insurance
工伤保险
work injury compensation insurance
免征中小微企业养老、失业和工伤保险单位缴费
exempting micro, small, and medium businesses from contributions to basic old-age insurance, unemployment insurance, and work injury compensation insurance schemes
免征公共交通运输、餐饮住宿、旅游娱乐、文化体育等服务增值税
exempting VAT on services such as public transportation, restaurants and hotels, tourism and entertainment, and culture and sports
📍exempt表示“免除，豁免”，英文解释为“to give someone permission not to do or pay something”，举个🌰：
Charities are exempted from paying the tax.
慈善团体免付这项税款。
减免小规模纳税人增值税
reducing or cancelling VAT for small-scale taxpayers
减免民航发展基金、港口建设费
reducing or cancelling civil aviation development fund contributions and port development fees
小规模纳税人
small-scale taxpayers
小微企业、个体工商户所得税缴纳一律延缓到明年。
The payment of corporate income taxes by micro and small businesses and self-employed individuals will be postponed to next year.
注：
（企业）所得税
corporate income taxes
中小微企业
micro, small, and medium businesses
个体工商户
self-employed individuals
延缓到明年
be postponed to next year
「对比上下文」
延长到今年年底
be extended till/to the end of the year
预计全年为企业新增减负超过2.5万亿元。
We expect that these measures will see additional savings of more than 2.5 trillion yuan for enterprises throughout the year.
要坚决把减税降费政策落到企业，留得青山，赢得未来。
All tax and fee reduction policies must be fully implemented for our businesses, so that they can sustain themselves and assure success for the future.
注：
减税降费政策
tax and fee reduction policies
留得青山，赢得未来
sustain oneself and assure success for the future
📍 sustain表示“维持，保持，支撑（生命、生存）”（to provide enough of what sb/sth needs in order to live or exist）举个🌰：
The love of his family sustained him during his time in prison.
家人的关爱帮助他度过了狱中的岁月。
推动降低企业生产经营成本。
We will reduce enterprises’ production and operating costs.
注：
企业生产经营成本
enterprises’ production and operating costs
降低工商业电价5%政策延长到今年年底。
The policy of reducing electricity prices for general industrial and commercial businesses by five percent will be extended to the end of the year.
注：
工商业电价
electricity prices for general industrial and commercial businesses
延长到今年年底
be extended to the end of the year
宽带和专线平均资费降低15%。
The rates for broadband and dedicated internet access services will be cut by 15 percent on average.
注：
宽带和专线资费
the rates for broadband and dedicated internet access services
减免国有房产租金，
Rents for state-owned premises will be lowered or exempted,
注：
国有房产
state-owned premises
国有房产租金
rents for state-owned premises
📍 premises（复数形式）表示“（企业的）房屋建筑及附属场地，营业场所”（the building and land near to it that a business owns or uses），如：commercial/industrial premises 商业/工业用房屋场地。
鼓励各类业主减免或缓收房租，并予政策支持。
and all other types of property owners are encouraged to also reduce, waive, or defer rent payments, and they will receive policy support from the government in doing so.
注：
业主
property owners
减免或缓收租金
reduce, waive, or defer rent payments
房租（租金）
rent payments
📍 waive /weɪv/表示“放弃（权利、要求等）”（to choose not to demand sth in a particular case, even though you have a legal or official right to do so）
📍 defer的含义和postpone类似，表示“使延期，使延缓，推迟”(to delay something until a later time) 举个🌰：
My bank has agreed to defer the repayments on my loan.
银行同意让我延缓偿还贷款。
「类似表述对比」
2017年报告：We waived tuition and miscellaneous fees for students from poor rural families at regular senior high schools. 免除农村贫困家庭学生普通高中学杂费。
坚决整治涉企违规收费。
We will take firm steps to stop the unauthorized levy of fees on enterprises.
注：
治涉企违规收费
the unauthorized levy of fees on enterprises
「未完待续」
「持续更新中」
公众号内发送具体年份
如2015或2016或2017或2018或2019
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