诗苑｜李煜《虞美人·春花秋月何时了》（两版英译）

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《虞美人·春花秋月何时了》是五代十国时期南唐后主李煜创作的一首词。此词为作者绝笔，是一曲生命的哀歌。作者通过对比自然永恒与人生无常，抒发了亡国后顿感生命落空的悲哀。全词语言明净、凝练、优美、清新，以问起，以答结，由问天、问人到自问，凄楚中不无激越，作者沛然莫御的愁思贯穿始终，形成沁人心脾的美感效应。

虞美人

李煜

春花秋月何时了，

往事知多少？

小楼昨夜又东风，

故国不堪回首月明中！

雕栏玉砌应犹在，

只是朱颜改。

问君能有几多愁？

恰似一江春水向东流。

【朗读：北京外国语大学 苏乐舟】

译本一
许渊冲 译（2007）
Tune: The Beautiful Lady YuLi Yu

When will there be no more an autumn moon and spring time flowers

For me who had so many memorable hours?

My attic which last night in the east wind did stand

Reminds me cruelly of the lost moonlit land.

Carved balustrades and marble steps must still be there,

But rosy faces cannot be as fair.

If you would ask me how my sorrow has increased,

Just see the over-brimming river flowing east!

   

【朗读：北京外国语大学 苏乐舟】

译本二
徐忠杰 译（1986）
Tune: YumeirenLi Yu

Too long the autumn and spring flowers last,

I wonder how much they’ve known of my past.

Last night spring breezes through an upper room-

Reminds me too much my present gloom.

With a bright moon, how could I my country recall-

Without a sense of defeat and despair at all.

The palace should be still there as before-

With its carved railings; jade-like steps galore.

Only here are changes which my plight entail.

My complexion, once ruddy, has become pale.

Should I be asked how much anguish I have found?

Strange! It is like flowing water, eastward bound.

 
 

【简析】

两位翻译家在传达原词的“美”上各有千秋。许译简洁，重神似，译诗结构与原作较为符合，不仅很好地传达了原词的意美，而且兼顾了原词的音美和形美；徐译重解释，使用诗行膨胀改变了原句的长度和结构，从整体上看，译作对仗工整，多处押韵，很好地传达了原词的音美和形美。
对外经济贸易大学英语学院实习生卢铭 整理

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