乳腺癌夺去“樱桃小丸子”的生命丨如何预防与逆转乳腺癌?
虽说存活率很高
但不得不防啊
陪伴了许多人成长,几十年来红遍亚洲的日本漫画《樱桃小丸子》,承载着无数人童年美好的回忆!
然而,这个带给我们不朽之作的作者樱桃子于当地时间2018年8月15日因患乳腺癌去世。
40-55岁,被认为是我国乳腺癌发病的 一个高峰期,林黛玉的扮演者陈晓旭、李媛媛、姚贝娜.....都因乳腺癌去世!
乳腺癌是导致女性癌症死亡的主要原因之一。根据 Globalcan数据,2012年全球女性乳腺癌新发病例约167.1万,位居女性恶性肿瘤发病首位。
据估计,估计有12%的女性(8个里有1个)将在其一生中患乳腺癌。美国每年平均有超过23.2万例乳腺癌病例。
2014年中国女性乳腺癌新发病例约27.89万例,占女性全部恶性肿瘤发病的16.51%,位居女性恶性肿瘤发病的首位。
2018年初,顶尖医学杂志《柳叶刀》发表的2000-2014年全球癌症生存率变化趋势监测研究报告,乳腺癌存活率是相对比较高的,并且逐步提高。
但不可忽略的问题是,全球女性乳腺癌发病率在均呈持续上升趋势。在中国,农村地区上升幅度更为显著。随着生活水平提高,居民身生活行为、饮食习惯、环境问题都在影响肿瘤的发生。
通过自身能做出改变的行为,去预防和逆转癌症的发生,是我们唯一能做的,而且最简便易行,并且行之有效的措施。比如从改变饮食习惯、生活方式开始,从提高健康认知理念开始!
今天,是女性福利day,为大家介绍10个预防和逆转乳腺癌的生活方式。(欢迎收藏转发)
关于男性前列腺癌的预防,大家可以点击这里进行回顾!
1
选择G-BOMBS饮食方式
选择高营养密度的饮食-G-BOMBS(如果不了解G-BOMS,请点击这里),它们可以提供超强的免疫力,抵抗许多慢性疾病发生,包括乳腺癌。
绿色蔬菜和蘑菇是最有力的抗乳腺癌食物。注意,不合理的素食结构对乳腺癌的预防没有好的作用。
而包括绿色蔬菜、豆类、蘑菇、浆果、坚果和种子在内的G-BOMBS饮食方式,富含微量元素,含有丰富多样的植物化合物,提供最有效地癌症防御效果,乳腺癌的预防不仅仅是避免肉类和脂肪。【1-5】。
蔬菜和水果一直与降低乳腺癌的风险和提高乳腺癌患者的存活率相关。【3,4】【6-8】
十字花科类蔬菜含有强大的抗癌化合物,阻止乳腺癌细胞的生长,促进雌激素的代谢【2,9,10】。
蘑菇能阻止肿瘤生长并具有抗雌激素活性,每天一次的蘑菇摄入量,已经被证明能降低乳腺癌的风险达60-70%。【1,5,11】
蔬菜中的有机硫化合物还可以通过解毒致癌物、阻止癌细胞生长和防止肿瘤获得血液供应来预防癌症的发展。【12】
2
每天食用亚麻籽或者奇亚籽
亚麻和奇亚籽是木脂素最丰富的来源,它具有抗雌激素作用的植物化学物质,能抑制乳腺肿瘤细胞的生长。【13,14】
事实上,在一项对计划切除乳房肿瘤的妇女的对照研究中,一半人每天吃一块含有亚麻籽的松饼,另一半人则是选择普通松饼,持续32-39天直到手术。
在分析他们的肿瘤组织后发现,即使在这个短短的时间,食用亚麻籽组肿瘤细胞凋亡明显(肿瘤细胞死亡)、肿瘤细胞增殖也显著减少。【14】
3
避免动物蛋白
摄入越多的动物蛋白质,尤其是乳制品,会增加类胰岛素生长因子(IGF-1)的水平。并且在许多研究中,IGF-1水平的升高与乳腺癌风险的增加相关联。【15】
吃鱼比较多的女性的也与较高的乳腺发生率有关。【16】
农业和工业致癌物,如二恶英(非常强的致癌因子),它们积累在脂肪组织中,进而诱发癌症的产生。人类接触这些危险化学品的主要方式是来自肉类、家禽、鱼类和乳品。【17】
4
避免油炸食品和熟肉制品
蒸、烧、烤、煮应该是日常烹饪中主要技法。但高温煎炒的烹饪方法产生潜在的致癌化合物——丙烯酰胺(在淀粉类食物,如薯条中形成)和杂环胺(在肉类中形成)。【18-20】
例如,鸡肉在高温烹制下,产生一种叫做PhIP杂环胺的乳腺致癌物!【21-23】
当然,为了避免以上致癌因子,你也可以选择吃生肉!
5
避免高升糖碳水化合物
高升糖饮食可以增大乳腺癌的风险及乳腺癌幸存者的复发风险。【24,25】
胰岛素是一种促进生长的激素,长期接触高糖精炼的碳水化合物会导致慢性高胰岛素血症,这会加速癌细胞的生长。高升糖饮食包括白面、白米、白糖、蜂蜜、枫糖浆和其他促进胰岛素的加工食品。
6
避免叶酸补充剂
合成叶酸(Folic acid)是天然叶酸(folate,一种B族维生素)的合成形式。合成叶酸补充剂可以增加乳腺癌和前列腺癌的风险,而天然叶酸却可以降低癌症产生的风险。【31】
记住,要从绿色蔬菜和豆类中摄取天然叶酸,而不是食用补充剂。也不要使用叶酸强化的营养酵母。
7
适当补充维生素D3
维生素D通过对抗癌细胞的炎症和增殖,有助于预防癌症发生。此外,维生素D似乎具有更特别的乳腺癌预防特性,研究表明,维生素D在乳腺癌细胞中具有抗雌激素作用。【32】
3/4的乳腺癌患者维生素D缺乏,维持足够的血液维生素D水平与降低乳腺癌确诊或复发风险相关。 【33-36】
一些研究发出警告,维生素D水平不能太高。【37】保证血清维生素D(血清25羟维生素D)适量水平在30-45 ng/ml之间。
获得维生素D最安全的方法是充足的日光照晒和维生素D强化食物。
8
保持苗条的体型,积极参与体育锻炼
对73项不同研究分析得出结论,高水平的体育活动使乳腺癌风险降低25%【38,19】
同时,保持健康的体重也极其重要,因为17%的乳腺癌病例要归因于肥胖。
9
避免饮酒
关于酒精对于乳腺癌的影响研究,已经多达50余项。即使是轻度饮酒(每天1杯或更少的酒精饮料)也与乳腺癌的风险增加有关。
例如,来自著名的哈佛护士健康研究数据表明,每周饮用3-6杯酒精饮料的女性比不喝酒的女性患乳腺癌的风险增加了15%。【41,42】
在乳腺癌幸存者中,每周喝3-4杯酒精饮料使复发的风险增加了34%。【43】
10
健康生活,避免抗生素和药物
健康的植物性饮食有助于增强免疫系以预防感染。而服用抗生素,被发现与乳腺罹患风险增加相关,随着抗生素服用天数增加,其患癌风险也不断增加。【44】
选择植物性饮食,避免降血压和胆固醇的药物摄入,进而减少癌症风险。他汀类药物与老年妇女患乳腺癌的风险增加相关。【45】
同样,钙通道阻滞剂和利尿剂(用于降低血压)也与乳腺癌增加相关。【46,47】
乳腺癌预防建议总结:
【1】G-BOMBS:最健康的抗癌食物
【2】每天食用亚麻籽或者奇亚籽
【3】避免肉类、蛋类和乳制品的摄入
【4】避免油炸食品和熟肉制品
【5】避免高升糖碳水化合物
【6】避免叶酸补充剂
【7】适当补充维生素D3
【8】保持苗条的体型,积极参与体育锻炼
【9】避免饮酒
【10】健康生活,避免抗生素和药物
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