AHA 2021年度心血管医学进展:防治心梗中风,含钾代盐、“多合一”药物再获推荐!
▎药明康德内容团队编辑
近日,美国心脏协会(AHA)公布了2021年心脏疾病和中风领域的重要医学研究进展。
AHA指出,来自这些研究的发现为中风、心衰和高血压带来了更好的治疗方法,解决了肾功能衰竭、肥胖症等心血管相关疾病的防治,精准基因编辑的前沿发展推动改善致命心脏疾病的治疗。值得注意的是,此次有两项中国研究入选AHA榜单。
图片来源:123RF
图片来源:123RF
STEP-1研究:发表在NEJM。BMI≥30且无糖尿病的患者在68周司美格鲁肽治疗后,体重平均下降14.9%。
STEP-2研究:发表在《柳叶刀》。司美格鲁肽对超重的2型糖尿病成人有效,68周后体重平均减轻9.6%。
STEP-3研究:发表于JAMA。司美格鲁肽结合强化行为疗法帮助超重或肥胖的成人平均减重16%。
STEP-4研究:发表于JAMA,对于超重和肥胖的非糖尿病成人患者,相较于20周治疗方案,坚持68周司美格鲁肽更有助于持续减轻体重。
图片来源:123RF
SCORED试验:第一个显示SGLT2抑制剂对不同程度蛋白尿患者都有益的试验,也是第一个显示SGLT2抑制剂有益中风预防的试验。在2型糖尿病合并慢性肾病和心血管疾病风险的患者中,sotagliflozin将心血管原因死亡、心衰住院或因心衰而急诊的综合风险显著降低26%,其中,所有心梗或中风的风险分别降低32%和34%。
SOLOIST-WHF试验:首个在急性心衰住院患者中证明启动SGLT2抑制剂治疗安全、有效的大型随机试验。在2型糖尿病且近期心衰加重而住院的患者中,sotagliflozin组患者心血管原因死亡以及因心衰而再次住院和急诊的风险显著降低33%。
FIGARO-DKD试验:在伴有慢性肾病的2型糖尿病患者中,与安慰剂相比,finerenone将心血管事件复合终点的风险降低13%,主要改善是心衰住院人数减少。
AMPLITUDE-O试验:对于具有心血管疾病史或目前患有肾脏疾病史且至少还有另一种心血管风险的2型糖尿病患者,efpeglenatide将发生心梗、中风或死于心血管/不明原因的综合风险降低27%。
图片来源:123RF
参考资料(可上下滑动查看)
[1] AHA names top heart disease and stroke research advances of 2021. Retrieved December 20, 2021, from https://www.heart.org/en/around-the-aha/aha-names-top-heart-disease-and-stroke-research-advances-of-2021
[2] Risk factors, treatments, COVID complications among 2021 top heart disease, stroke science. Retrieved December 20, 2021, from https://newsroom.heart.org/news/risk-factors-treatments-covid-complications-among-2021-top-heart-disease-stroke-science
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