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人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 选修八:Unit3(附音频、双语文本)




人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修一:Unit1

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修一:Unit2

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修一:Unit3

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修一:Unit4

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修一:Unit5


人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修二:Unit1

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修二:Unit2

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修二:Unit3

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修二:Unit4

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修二:Unit5


人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修三:Unit1

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修三:Unit2

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修三:Unit3

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修三:Unit4

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修三:Unit5


人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修四:Unit1

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修四:Unit2

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修四:Unit3

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修四:Unit4

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修四:Unit5


人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修五:Unit1

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修五:Unit2

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修五:Unit3

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修五:Unit4

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修五:Unit5


人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 选修六:Unit1

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 选修六:Unit2

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 选修六:Unit3

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 选修六:Unit4

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 选修六:Unit5


人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 选修七:Unit1

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 选修七:Unit2

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 选修七:Unit3

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 选修七:Unit4

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 选修七:Unit5


人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 选修八:Unit1

人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 选修八:Unit2


amphibious /æmˈfɪbɪəs/ adj. 两栖(类)的

George Stephenson /ˈstiːvnsn/ 乔治·斯蒂芬森(英国发明家,蒸汽机的发明人)

patent /ˈpeɪtənt/ n. 专利证书;专利权

call up 给……打电话

courtyard /ˈkɔːtjɑːd/ n.院子;庭院;天井


now and then 偶尔;有时

walnut /ˈwɔːlnʌt/ n. 胡桃;胡桃木

distinguish /dɪsˈtɪŋgwɪʃ/ vi. & vt. 显示……的差别;使……有所不同;辨别

merciful /ˈmɜːsɪfl/ adj. 宽大的;仁慈的;慈悲的

product /ˈprɒdʌkt/ n. 产品


powder /ˈpaʊdə/ n. 粉末;火药

set about 开始;着手

perfume /ˈpɜːfjuːm/ n. 香水;香味

stainless /ˈsteɪnləs/ adj.无锈的;不锈的;没有污点的

jelly /ˈdʒelɪ/ n. 果冻;果冻状物


cube /kjuːb/ n. 立方体;立方

cubic /ˈkjuːbɪk/ adj. 立方的

abrupt /əˈbrʌpt/ adj. 突然的;意外的

abruptly /əˈbrʌptlɪ/ adv.突然地;唐突地

convenient /kənˈviːnɪənt/ adj.便利的;方便的;就近的


caution /ˈkɔːʃn/ n. 小心;谨慎

expectation /ˌekspekˈteɪʃn/ n.预料;期待;期望

passive /ˈpæsɪv/ adj.被动的;消极的;被动语态的

merry /ˈmerɪ/ adj. 愉快的;高兴的

merrily /ˈmerəlɪ/ adv. 高兴地;愉快地


seize /siːz/ vt. 抓住;捉住;夺

recognition /ˌrekəgˈnɪʃn/ n. 认出;认可;承认

criterion /kraɪˈtɪərɪən/ n.pl criteria)(评判的)标准;尺度

claim /kleɪm/ n. & vt. 要求;声称;主张

valid /ˈvælɪd/ adj. 有效的;确凿的


file /faɪl/ n. 文件;档案;文件夹  vt. 提交;将……归档

ripe /raɪp/ adj. 熟的;成熟的

string /strɪŋ/ n. 线;绳子;一串

glue /gluː/ n. 胶;胶水  vt.粘贴;粘合

rod /rɒd/ n. 杆;棒


freezing /ˈfriːzɪŋ/ adj.冰冻的;严寒的

greengrocer /ˈgriːnˌgrəʊsə/ n. 蔬菜水果商pl)蔬菜水果店

identification /aɪˌdentɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 鉴定;辨认;确定;身份证明

directory /dɪˈrektərɪ/ n.电话簿;商行名录

dial /ˈdaɪəl/ vt. 拨(电话)


rainfall /ˈreɪnfɔːl/ n. 降雨

courtroom /ˈkɔːtruːm/ n.法庭;审判室

innocent /ˈɪnəsnt/ adj. 清白的;无罪的;天真的

lantern /ˈlæntən/ n. 灯笼;提灯

bear /beə/ vt.(bore, borne)忍受;忍耐;负担


jam /dʒæm/ n. 堵塞;阻塞;果酱

Alexander Graham /ˌælɪɡˈzɑːndə ˈɡreɪəm/ Bell亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔

microphone /ˈmaɪkrəfəʊn/ n.麦克风;话筒

forehead /ˈfɒrɪd/ n. 额头

beaten track 被踩出来的路;常规;惯例


occasionally /əˈkeɪʒənəlɪ/ adv.偶然地;不时地

dive into 迅速把手伸入;一心投入

dynamic /daɪˈnæmɪk/ adj.充满活力的;精力充沛的;动态的;发展变化的

set out (to do) 开始(做)

multiple /ˈmʌltɪpl/ adj. 多种的;多样的;多类型的 n.倍数


Morse /mɔːs/ code莫尔斯电码

dot /dɒt/ n. 点;小圆点  vt. 以小圆点标出;分散

tap /tæp/ vt. & vi.轻打;轻拍;轻敲  n.轻轻地敲击(声);(水)龙头

wire /ˈwaɪə/ n. 金属丝;电线

straw /strɔː/ n.稻草;麦秆;饮料吸管


reproduce /ˌriːprəˈdjuːs/ vt.复制;再现……的形象或声音

current /ˈkʌrənt/ n.(水或气)流;电流 adj. 现在的;当前的

helicopter /ˈhelɪkɒptə/ n. 直升飞机

triangle /ˈtraɪæŋgl/ n. 三角形;三角形物体

tetrahedron /ˌtetrəˈhiːdrn/ n.四面体


stable /ˈsteɪbl/ adj.稳固的;稳定的;安定的

invaluable /ɪnˈvæljʊəbl/ adj.无价的;极宝贵的

associate /əˈsəʊʃɪeɪt/ vt. 联想;联系 /əˈsəʊʃɪət/ n.同伴;伙伴

practical /ˈpræktɪkl/ adj. 实际的;实践的;实用的

James Dyson /ˈdʒeɪmz ˈdaɪsən/ 詹姆斯·戴森(英国发明家)


refrigerator /rɪˈfrɪdʒəreɪtə/ n. 冰箱

court /kɔːt/ n. 法庭;法院;朝廷

extension /ɪkˈstenʃn/ n. 电话分机;扩大;延伸

hang on 不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住


out of order 次序颠倒;发生故障

get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话);(设法)做完;通过

ring back 回复电话

ring off 挂断电话

version /ˈvɜːʃn/ n. 版本;译本


competence /ˈkɒmpɪtəns/ n.能力;胜任;本领

competent /ˈkɒmpɪtənt/ adj. 能胜任的;有能力的;称职的

jeep /dʒiːp/ n. 吉普车

personnel /ˌpɜːsəˈnel/ n. 人力资源;人事部;全体人员

THE PROBLEM OF THE SHRIKES

When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset. “There are some snakes in our courtyard,” she told me. “Snakes come near the house now and then, and they seem to have made their home here, not far from the walnut tree. Can you getrid of them please?” I felt very proud. Here was a chance for me todistinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them. I knew my  parents would not like me to hurt these living creatures!


The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes. A new approach was clearly needed. I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them. Luckily these reptiles are small and that made the solution easier.


Prepared with some research findings, I decided on three possible approaches: firstly, removing their habitat; secondly, attracting them into a trap using male or female perfume or food; and thirdly cooling them so that they would become sleepy and could be easily caught. I decided to use the last one. I bought an ice-cream maker which was made of stainless steel. Between the outside and the inside walls of the bowl there is some jelly, which freezes when cooled. I put the bowl into the fridge and waited for 24 hours. At the same time I prepared some ice-cubes.


The next morning I got up early before the sun was hot. I placed the frozen bowl over the snakes’ habitat and the ice-cubes on top of the bowl to keep it cool. Finally I covered the whole thing with a large bucket. Then I waited. After two hours I removed the bucket and the bowl. The snakes were less active but they were still too fast for me. Theyabruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall. So I had toadjust my plan.


For the second attempt I froze the bowl and the ice-cubes again but placed them over the snakes’ habitat in the evening, as thetemperature was starting to cool. Then as before, I covered the bowl with the bucket and left everything overnight. Early the next morning I returned to see the result. This time with great caution I bent down to examine the snakes and I found them very sleepy. But once picked up, they tried to bite me. As they were poisonous snakes, I clearly needed toimprove my design again.


My third attempt repeated the second procedure. The next morning I carried in my hand a small net used for catching fish. This was in the expectation that the snakes would bite again. But monitored carefully, the snakes proved to be no trouble and all went according to plan. I collected the passive snakes and the next day we merrily released them all back into the wild.


Pressed by my friends and relations, I decided to seize the opportunity to get recognition for my successful idea by sending my invention to the patent office. Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor. The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel. In addition, no invention will get a patent if it is:


    ◎ a discovery

    ◎ a scientific idea or mathematical model

    ◎ literature or art

    ◎ a game or a business

    ◎ a computer programme

    ◎ a new animal or plant variety


Nor will you receive a patent until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everyone else’s. There are a large number of patent examiners, too, whose only job is to examinewhether your claim is valid or not. If it passes all the tests, yourapplication for a patent will be published 18 months from the date you apply. So I have filled in the form and filed my patent application with the Patent Office. Now it’s a matter of waiting and hoping. You’ll know if I succeed by the size of my bank balance! Wish me luck!

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