新华社北京3月12日发布了修改后的2022年《政府工作报告》。
3月5日，李克强总理代表国务院在十三届全国人大五次会议上作《政府工作报告》。新华社记者 姚大伟 摄
REPORTON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT——2022年3月5日在第十三届全国人民代表大会第五次会议上Deliveredat the Fifth Session of the 13th National People’s Congress ofthePeople’s Republic of China on March 5, 2022Premierof the State Council 现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请全国政协委员提出意见。Onbehalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of thegovernment and ask for your deliberation and approval. I also ask members ofthe National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political ConsultativeConference (CPPCC) for their comments.
I. A Review of Our Workin 2021 过去一年是党和国家历史上具有里程碑意义的一年。以习近平同志为核心的党中央团结带领全党全国各族人民，Lastyear was a milestone in the history of the Communist Party of China (CPC) andour country. The CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its coreunited and led the whole Party and Chinese people of all ethnic groups inaccomplishing the following endeavors:
• We celebrated thecentenary of the Communist Party of China;
胜利召开党的十九届六中全会、制定党的第三个历史决议，• The 19th CPC CentralCommittee convened its sixth plenary session where a resolution on the Party’smajor achievements and historical experience over the past century was adopted;
• We declared victory inthe critical battle against poverty as envisaged; and
如期全面建成小康社会、实现第一个百年奋斗目标，开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家、向第二个百年奋斗目标进军新征程。• We achieved the firstcentenary goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects onschedule and began a new journey toward the second centenary goal of building amodern socialist country in all respects.
一年来，面对复杂严峻的国内外形势和诸多风险挑战，全国上下共同努力，统筹疫情防控和经济社会发展，全年主要目标任务较好完成，“十四五”实现良好开局，我国发展又取得新的重大成就。Last year, facingcomplicated and challenging circumstances both in and outside of China, as wellas many risks and challenges, all of us throughout the country worked hard asone. We responded to Covid-19 and pursued economic and social development in awell-coordinated way, accomplished the main targets and tasks for the year, gotthe 14th Five-Year Plan off to a good start, and once again secured new andmajor achievements in our country’s development.
——经济保持恢复发展。国内生产总值达到114万亿元，增长8.1%。全国财政收入突破20万亿元，增长10.7%。城镇新增就业1269万人，城镇调查失业率平均为5.1%。居民消费价格上涨0.9%。国际收支基本平衡。—The economy continued to recover and grow. China’s gross domesticproduct (GDP) reached 114 trillion yuan, growing 8.1 percent. National fiscalrevenue exceeded 20 trillion yuan, growing 10.7 percent. A total of 12.69million urban jobs were added, and the average surveyed unemployment rate stoodat 5.1 percent. The consumer price index (CPI) rose by 0.9 percent. A basicequilibrium was maintained in the balance of payments.
——创新能力进一步增强。国家战略科技力量加快壮大。关键核心技术攻关取得重要进展，载人航天、火星探测、资源勘探、能源工程等领域实现新突破。企业研发经费增长15.5%。数字技术与实体经济加速融合。—China’s innovation capacity was strengthened. Our strategic science andtechnology capabilities were expanded at a faster pace. Major advances wereregistered in research on core technologies in key fields, and breakthroughswere made in manned spaceflight, Mars exploration, resource exploration, energyprojects and other areas. Corporate spending on research and development grewby 15.5 percent. Integration of digital technology in the real economy wasaccelerated.
——经济结构和区域布局继续优化。粮食产量1.37万亿斤，创历史新高。高技术制造业增加值增长18.2%，信息技术服务等生产性服务业较快发展，产业链韧性得到提升。区域发展战略有效实施，新型城镇化扎实推进。—The economic structure and regional development prioritieswere refined. Grainoutput reached a record high of 685 million metric tons. Value-added of thehigh-tech manufacturing sector grew by 18.2 percent, IT services and otherproducer services recorded rapid growth, and industrial chains became moreresilient. Regional development strategies were well implemented, and newurbanization was steadily advanced.
——改革开放不断深化。在重要领域和关键环节推出一批重大改革举措，供给侧结构性改革深入推进。“放管服”改革取得新进展。市场主体总量超过1.5亿户。高质量共建“一带一路”稳步推进。推动区域全面经济伙伴关系协定生效实施。货物进出口总额增长21.4%，实际使用外资保持增长。—Reform and opening up were deepened. In key fields andsectors, a full range of major reforms were rolled out, and supply-sidestructural reform was deepened. New gains were made in the reform to streamlineadministration and delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade services.The total number of market entities surpassed the 150-million mark. The Beltand Road Initiative saw steady high-quality development. China worked for theentry into force of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement.The total volume of trade in goods grew by 21.4 percent, and growth of utilizedforeign investment was sustained.
——生态文明建设持续推进。污染防治攻坚战深入开展，主要污染物排放量继续下降，地级及以上城市细颗粒物（PM2.5）平均浓度下降9.1%。第一批国家公园正式设立。生态环境质量明显改善。—Ecological conservation was enhanced. Thanks to further stepstaken to prevent and control pollution, the discharge of major pollutantscontinued to fall and the average concentration of fine particulate matter(PM2.5) dropped by 9.1 percent in cities at and above the prefecture level. Thefirst group of national parks were officially established. Significantimprovements were made in the quality of the environment.
——人民生活水平稳步提高。居民人均可支配收入实际增长8.1%。脱贫攻坚成果得到巩固和拓展。基本养老、基本医疗、社会救助等保障力度加大。教育改革发展迈出新步伐。新开工改造城镇老旧小区5.6万个，惠及近千万家庭。—Living standards rose steadily. Per capita disposable income increasedby 8.1 percentin real terms. Achievements in poverty alleviation wereconsolidated and further expanded. Inputs in basic elderly care, basic medicalcare, and social assistance were increased. New steps were taken in the reformand development of education. Renovations began on 56,000 old urban residentialcommunities, benefiting close to 10 million households.
——疫情防控成果持续巩固。落实常态化防控举措，疫苗全程接种覆盖率超过85%，及时有效处置局部地区聚集性疫情，保障了人民生命安全和身体健康，维护了正常生产生活秩序。—Our gains in Covid-19 response were consolidated. Implementation ofcontrol measures became routine, and over 85 percent of the population receiveda full course of vaccination. Local outbreaks were suppressed in an effectiveand quick manner. By making these efforts, we ensured the health and safety ofthe people and maintained normal order in work and life.
回顾过去一年，成绩得来殊为不易。我国经济尚处在突发疫情等严重冲击后的恢复发展过程中，国内外形势又出现很多新变化，保持经济平稳运行难度加大。我们深入贯彻以习近平同志为核心的党中央决策部署，贯彻落实中央经济工作会议精神，完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念，扎实做好“六稳”、“六保”工作，注重宏观政策跨周期和逆周期调节，有效应对各种风险挑战，Reflecting on the pastyear, we can see that our achievements did not come easily. While the economycontinued to recover from major shocks including Covid-19, many new changesoccurred in and outside of China, and the difficulty of keeping the economyrunningstably mounted. In the face of such difficulty, we fully implemented the decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping atits core, followed the guiding principles of the Central Economic Work Conference; applied the new development philosophy in full, in the right way,and in all fields of endeavor; took solid steps to ensure stability on six keyfronts and security in six key areas, and made cross- and counter-cyclicaladjustments with macro policies. We thus effectively dealt with all risks andchallenges that arose.
Our main work over thepast year was as follows.
一是保持宏观政策连续性针对性，推动经济运行保持在合理区间。1. We kept macro policy consistent andtargeted and kept the major economic indicators within the appropriate range.宏观政策适应跨周期调节需要，保持对经济恢复必要支持力度，同时考虑为今年应对困难挑战预留政策空间。Our macro policiesfacilitated cross-cyclical adjustments and sustained the level of supportnecessary for economic recovery. We also took into account the need to leaveample policy space for meeting difficulties and challenges this year.
建立常态化财政资金直达机制，将2.8万亿元中央财政资金纳入直达范围。优化地方政府专项债券发行使用。We established a regularmechanism to directly allocate budgetary funds to prefecture- and county-levelgovernments and placed 2.8 trillion yuan of central government fundingunderthis mechanism. We also improved the way local governments issue and usespecial-purpose bonds.
有效实施稳健的货币政策，两次全面降准，推动降低贷款利率。有序推进地方政府债务风险防范化解，稳妥处置重大金融风险事件。强化稳岗扩就业政策落实，扎实做好高校毕业生等重点群体就业工作，推进大众创业万众创新。加强大宗商品保供稳价，着力解决煤炭电力供应紧张问题。We implemented a prudent monetarypolicy to good effect and lowered required reserve ratios twice to facilitatethe reduction of loan interest rates. We took well-considered steps to defuselocal government debt risks and dealt prudently with major financial risks. Weintensified policies to stabilize and expand employment, took solid measures toensure employment for key groups like college graduates, and encouragedbusinessstartups and innovation. We took stronger steps to keep supply and prices ofmajor commodities stable and to tackle supply shortages in coal and electricpower.
从全年看，主要宏观经济指标符合预期，财政赤字率和宏观杠杆率下降，经济增速继续位居世界前列。Over the course of lastyear, all major macroeconomic indicators stayed in line with projected targets,the deficit-to-GDP ratio and macro leverage ratio decreased, and China’seconomy remained one of the fastest-growing economies in the world.
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