「Part 9」2021政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

本笔记由「才思汇·啃报告小分队」出品，特别感谢小伙伴@Zoe 和@大少爷 的付出。

优化和落实减税政策。

We will continue to implement and improve tax reduction policies.

注：

减税政策

tax reduction policies

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告：要坚决把减税降费政策落到企业，All tax and fee reduction policies must be fully implemented for our businesses,

📍implement表示“执行；贯彻；实施”（to take action or make changes that you have officially decided should happen），举个🌰：

A nine year compulsory education is implemented in China.

中国实行九年制义务教育。

市场主体恢复元气、增强活力，需要再帮一把。

We need to do more to help market entities stand firmly on their feet and thrive.

注：

市场主体

market entities

恢复元气、增强活力

stand firmly on their feet and thrive

📍thrive表示“兴旺发达；繁荣；蓬勃发展”（to become very successful or very strong and healthy），举个🌰：

Our country will thrive and prosper again.

我们的国家会重新发展和繁荣起来。

继续执行制度性减税政策，延长小规模纳税人增值税优惠等部分阶段性政策执行期限，

We will continue to implement systematic tax cut policies, extend the duration of several temporary policies such as VAT relief for small-scale taxpayers, 

注：

制度性减税政策

systematic tax cut policies

增值税优惠

VAT relief

增值税

VAT（Value Added Tax）

小规模纳税人

small-scale taxpayers

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告：减免小规模纳税人增值税，reducing or cancelling VAT for small-scale taxpayers

📍duration表示“持续时间；期间”（the length of time that something continues），举个🌰：

The government defines and fixes the duration of the biological rest.

政府明确规定生物作息的时间段。

实施新的结构性减税举措，对冲部分政策调整带来的影响。

and adopt new policies on structural tax reductions to offset the impact of some policy adjustments.

注：

结构性减税政策

policies on structural tax reductions

📍offset表示“抵消；弥补；补偿”（to use one cost, payment or situation in order to cancel or reduce the effect of another），举个🌰：

Prices have risen in order to offset the increased cost of materials.

为补偿原料成本的增加而提高了价格。

将小规模纳税人增值税起征点从月销售额10万元提高到15万元。

The VAT threshold for small-scale taxpayers will be raised from 100,000 yuan to 150,000 yuan in monthly sales.

注：

小规模纳税人

small-scale taxpayers

增值税起征点

the VAT threshold

对小微企业和个体工商户年应纳税所得额不到100万元的部分，在现行优惠政策基础上，再减半征收所得税。

On the basis of preferential policies already in force, we will halve the income tax of micro and small enterprises and self-employed individuals on annual taxable income below one million yuan.

注：

（企业）所得税

the (corporate) income tax

小微企业

micro and small enterprises

个体工商户

self-employed individuals

年应税所得额

annual taxable income

优惠政策

preferential policies

📍preferential表示“优先的；优惠的；优待的”（preferential treatment, rates etc are deliberately different in order to give an advantage to particular people），举个🌰：

A day later preferential trading rules for India were cancelled.

一天后，印度的优惠贸易规则被取消。

📍halve作动词，表示“（使）减半”（to reduce by a half; to make sth reduce by a half），举个🌰：

The company is halving its prices.

该公司正将产品半价出售。

各地要把减税政策及时落实到位，确保市场主体应享尽享。

All local governments should implement tax reduction policies fully and on a timely basis and see that market entities all enjoy these tax reduction benefits.

注：

及时

on a timely basis

应享尽享-->尽情享受减少税收的好处

enjoy these tax reduction benefits

稳健的货币政策要灵活精准、合理适度。

We will keep our prudent monetary policy flexible and targeted and at a reasonable and appropriate level.

注：

（我们）稳健的货币政策

our prudent monetary policy

灵活精准

flexible and targeted

合理适度

at a reasonable and appropriate level

📍prudent表示“明智谨慎的，慎重的，审慎的”（sensible and careful, especially by trying to avoid unnecessary risks），如：a prudent decision/investment 审慎的决定/投资。

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告：稳健的货币政策要更加灵活适度。We will pursue a prudent monetary policy in a more flexible and appropriate way.

2019年报告：坚持实施稳健的货币政策，We maintained a prudent monetary policy

2018年报告：坚持实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策。We have continued to follow a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy.

2017年报告：今年要继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，This year, we will continue to pursue a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy. (From LearnAndRecord)

把服务实体经济放到更加突出的位置，处理好恢复经济与防范风险的关系。

We will give even greater priority to serving the real economy, and balance the needs of promoting economic recovery and preventing risks.

注：

把…放到更加突出的位置-->更优先考虑

give even greater priority to…

实体经济

the real economy

（促进）恢复经济

promote economic recovery

防范风险

prevent risks

货币供应量和社会融资规模增速与名义经济增速基本匹配，

We will see that increases in money supply and aggregate financing are generally in step with economic growth in nominal terms,

注：

货币供应量

money supply

社会融资规模

aggregate financing

与…匹配

in step with

名义（上）

in nominal terms

保持流动性合理充裕，

maintain a proper and adequate level of liquidity supply,

注：

合理充裕

proper and adequate

流动性-->流动资金供应量

liquidity supply

保持宏观杠杆率基本稳定。

and keep the macro leverage ratio generally stable.

注：

宏观杠杆率

the macro leverage ratio

保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定。

We will also keep the RMB exchange rate generally stable at an adaptive, balanced level.

注：

人民币汇率

the RMB exchange rate

在合理均衡水平

at an adaptive, balanced level

进一步解决小微企业融资难题。

Further steps will be taken to address the financing difficulties of micro and small enterprises. 

注：

进一步解决

further steps will be taken to do

解决难题

address difficulties

融资难题

the financing difficulties

小微企业

micro and small enterprises

延续普惠小微企业贷款延期还本付息政策，

We will continue the policy of allowing micro and small enterprises to defer principal and interest repayments on inclusive-finance loans, 

注：

延期还本付息

defer principal and interest repayments

本，息-->本金及利息

principal and interest

归还借款/偿还

repayment

普惠金融贷款

inclusive-finance loans / inclusive loans

📍 principal此处表示“本金；资本”（an amount of money that you lend to sb or invest to earn interest）

📍defer表示“推迟；延缓”（to delay sth until a later time），举个🌰：

The department deferred the decision for six months.

部门推迟了六个月才做决定。

而defer to sb/sth表示“遵从；听从”，举个🌰：

We will defer to whatever the committee decides.

我们遵从委员会作出的任何决定。

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告：中小微企业贷款延期还本付息政策再延长至明年3月底，The policy allowing micro, small, and medium businesses to postpone principal and interest repayments on loans will be further extended till the end of March next year.

加大再贷款再贴现支持普惠金融力度。

and increase support for inclusive finance via re-lending and rediscounting.

注：

再贷款

re-lending

再贴现

rediscounting

普惠金融

inclusive finance

延长小微企业融资担保降费奖补政策，

We will continue the policy of providing rewards and subsidies to reduce financing guaranty fees for micro and small businesses, 

注：

奖补-->奖励和补助

rewards and subsidies

补助，津贴

subsidy

融资担保费

financing guaranty fees

📍guaranty表示“保证；抵押”（a pledge of responsibility for fulfilling another person's obligations in case of that person's default），作动词时等于guarantee.

完善贷款风险分担补偿机制。

and improve mechanisms for risk sharing and compensation for loan defaults. 

注：

风险分担

risk sharing

贷款违约

loan defaults

加快信用信息共享步伐。

We will move faster to promote the sharing of credit information.

注：

加快（去做）...步伐

move faster to do

信用信息共享

the sharing of credit information

完善金融机构考核、评价和尽职免责制度。

The assessment and evaluation of the performance of financial institutions will be improved, and we will ensure that those who have fulfilled their duties are not held accountable.

注：

考评（考核、评价）

the assessment and evaluation

金融机构

financial institutions

尽职

fulfill/discharge one's duty

对...负责

be hold accountable (for)

引导银行扩大信用贷款、持续增加首贷户，

Banks will be encouraged to increase credit loans and first-time loans. 

注：

扩大信用贷款

increase credit loans

持续增加首贷户

increase first-time loans

推广随借随还贷款，使资金更多流向科技创新、绿色发展，更多流向小微企业、个体工商户、新型农业经营主体，

We will extend the pay-as-you-go lending model, channel more funds into scientific and technological innovation, green development initiatives, micro and small enterprises, self-employed individuals, and new types of agribusiness, 

注：

随借随还贷款

the pay-as-you-go lending model

使更多资金流向…

channel more funds into

科技创新

scientific and technological innovation

绿色发展

green development (initiatives)

小微企业

micro and small enterprises

个体工商户

self-employed individuals

新型农业经营主体

new types of agribusiness

📍initiative表示“倡议，新方案” (a new plan for dealing with a particular problem or for achieving a particular purpose)，也可表示“主动性，积极性”（the ability to decide and act on your owen without waiting for sb to tell you what to do)，如：A United Nations peace initiative 联合国和平倡议，举个🌰：

You will have to use your initiatives.

你得自己想办法。

📍channel作动词，可以表示“调拨（钱、资源）” （if you channel money or resources into something, you arrange for them to be used for that thing, rather than for a wider range of things.）也可以表示“为…引资；引导；贯注”（to direct money, feelings, ideas, etc. towards a particular thing or purpose），举个🌰：

In an ideal world, these capital inflows would be channelled into financing the infrastructure and productive resources in emerging states.

理想情况下，新兴国家将会对这些资金加以引导，为基础设施与生产性资源提供融资。

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告：加大剩余贫困县和贫困村攻坚力度。We will channel greater energy into eliminating poverty in all remaining poor counties and villages.

对受疫情持续影响行业企业给予定向支持。

and provide targeted support for enterprises and industries enduring a sustained hit from Covid-19. 

注：

给予定向支持

provide targeted support for

受…持续影响

endure a sustained hit from

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告：受全球疫情冲击，世界经济严重衰退。The shock of the COVID-19 pandemic has sent the world economy into severe recession.

大型商业银行普惠小微企业贷款增长30%以上。

Inclusive loans to micro and small businesses by large commercial banks will increase by over 30 percent this year.

注：

大型商业银行

large commercial banks

普惠小微企业贷款

inclusive loans to micro and small businesses

创新供应链金融服务模式。

New models for providing supply chain financial services will be developed. 

注：

供应链

supply chain

金融服务

financial services

适当降低小微企业支付手续费。

Appropriate reductions will be made to transaction fees levied on micro and small businesses. 

注：

手续费

transaction fees

📍levy作动词，表示“征（税）”（If a government or organization levies a tax or other sum of money, it demands it from people or organizations.）

优化存款利率监管，推动实际贷款利率进一步降低，

We will improve regulation over deposit rates, further lower loan interest rates in real terms, 

注：

存款利率监管

regulation over deposit rates

存款利率

deposit rates

贷款利率

loan interest rates

实际贷款利率

loan interest rates in real terms

继续引导金融系统向实体经济让利。

and continue to guide the financial sector in giving more to the real economy. 

注：

金融系统

the financial sector

实体经济

the real economy

今年务必做到小微企业融资更便利、综合融资成本稳中有降。

This year, we must see that micro and small businesses have easier access to financing, and that their overall financing costs steadily drop.

注：

务必做到-->确保

We must see that ...

更便利

have easier access to

稳中有降

steadily drop

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