《时代》2023年度人物：泰勒·斯威夫特
近日，《时代》（TIME）杂志将2023年度人物（Person of the Year）授予：泰勒·斯威夫特（Taylor Swift）。
去年，泽连斯基和“乌克兰精神”（Volodymyr Zelenskyy and the spirit of Ukraine）成为《时代》杂志2022年度人物。
🤔️小作业：
1. How has Taylor Swift's success impacted other industries and businesses?
A) By creating job opportunities in the film industry.
B) By fueling the growth of businesses inspired by her.
C) By leading to collaborations with fashion brands.
D) By influencing trends in music streaming services.
A) It broke records for the longest running film in theaters.
B) It became the highest grossing concert film in history.
C) It was the most critically acclaimed film of the year.
D) It was the first film to be simultaneously released in theaters and online.
无注释原文：
Taylor Swift caps off massive 2023 by entering her Time Person of the Year era
From: USA TODAY
Taylor Swift is 2023's Time Person of the Year, giving the billionaire, business mogul, singer, songwriter, director, actor and producer another heavyweight accolade for her mantelpiece.
"In a divided world, where too many institutions are failing, Taylor Swift found a way to transcend borders and be a source of light," wrote Time Editor in Chief Sam Jacobs. "No one else on the planet today can move so many people so well. Achieving this feat is something we often chalk up to the alignments of planets and fates, but giving too much credit to the stars ignores her skill and her power."
Swift had a groundbreaking year with the kickoff of her Eras Tour that brought her 3.5-hour show to 66 shows in 23 cities across North America, Argentina and Brazil.
When the SAG-AFTRA strike halted the promotion of blockbuster movies, Swift struck a deal with the union and then bypassed production studios to release her movie with distributor AMC. Her Eras Tour film made more than $200 million globally, according to AMC Theatres CEO Adam Aron on X/Twitter.
"Twelve of my last 13 tweets (there's that ubiquitous lucky number 13 again) have been about Taylor Swift. Want to know why?" he posted. "Well there are about 200 million reasons why! Taylor Swift's concert film is the highest grossing in history."
In November, Bloomberg named Swift a billionaire from her booming Eras Tour, movie hitting theaters, album re-recordings and merchandise sales.
A hidden “Taylor Swift economy” catapulted sales for business owners across the nation. From soaps to a thematic cruise inspired by her eras, the insatiable thirst for Swift gear skyrocketed. The USA TODAY Network even hired a reporter dedicated to covering the Taylor Swift beat full-time.
Professionally she killed it in 2023, and personally she started dating star tight end Travis Kelce. In Argentina, the Kansas City Chief attended her concert where she sang “End Game” in her surprise set and changed a “Karma” lyric to “Karma is the guy on the Chiefs coming straight home to me.”
The love story has played out publicly, boosting ratings for the NFL, spiking “Kelce” jersey sales and propelling the athlete into a bigger universe of fandom. The football player had to move into a gated home for greater security.
Heading into 2024, Swift will kick off the Eras Tour again in Tokyo, Japan, and Australia. Her current pinnacle has been a long time coming, but it may also be just beginning.
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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考
含注释全文：
Taylor Swift caps off massive 2023 by entering her Time Person of the Year era
From: USA TODAY
Taylor Swift is 2023's Time Person of the Year, giving the billionaire, business mogul, singer, songwriter, director, actor and producer another heavyweight accolade for her mantelpiece.
泰勒·斯威夫特 (Taylor Swift) 成为2023年《时代》杂志年度人物，这位亿万富翁、商业大亨、歌手、词曲作者、导演、演员和制片人又为她的荣誉橱架上增添了一项重量级荣誉。
mogul
mogul /ˈməʊɡəl/表示“（尤指新闻、影视界的）大人物；大亨”，英文解释为“A mogul is an important, rich, and powerful businessman, especially one in the news, film, or television industry.”如：an international media mogul一位国际传媒大亨。
对比：
📍giant表示“巨头，大公司”，英文解释为“Giant is often used to refer to any large, successful business organization or country.”如：Japanese electronics giant, Sony 日本的电子业巨头——索尼公司。
📍magnate /ˈmæɡneɪt, -nɪt/ 表示“大亨，巨头”，英文解释为“a rich and powerful person in industry or business”。
📍tycoon /taɪˈkuːn/ 表示“巨头，大亨（工商界）”，英文解释为“someone who is successful in business or industry and has a lot of money and power”如：property tycoon 房地产大亨。
📍conglomerate /kənˈglɒmərɪt/ 表示“联合大公司；企业集团”，英文解释为“A conglomerate is a large business firm consisting of several different companies.”如：the world's second-largest media conglomerate 世界第二大传媒集团。
📍behemoth /ˈbiːhɪmɒθ/ 表示“巨头（指规模庞大、实力雄厚的公司或机构）”，英文解释为“a very big and powerful company or organization”。
📍titan表示“巨人；巨头”，英文解释为“If you describe someone as a titan of a particular field, you mean that they are very important and powerful or successful in that field.”
heavyweight
表示“重量级人物，有影响力的人物（事物），要人”，英文解释为“someone or something that is very important or has a lot of influence”，如：one of the heavyweights of the movie industry 电影业巨子之一。
accolade
accolade /ˈækəˌleɪd/ 表示“赞美，赞赏；荣誉，嘉奖”，英文解释为“praise and approval”举个🌰：He's been granted the ultimate accolade - his face on a postage stamp. 他获得了最高荣誉——他的头像被印在了邮票上。
mantelpiece
mantelpiece /ˈmæn.təl.piːs/ 表示“壁炉架；壁炉台”，英文解释为“a shelf above a fireplace, usually part of a frame that surrounds the fireplace”举个🌰：She has photographs of all her grandchildren on the mantelpiece. 她在壁炉台上放着所有孙辈的照片。
"In a divided world, where too many institutions are failing, Taylor Swift found a way to transcend borders and be a source of light," wrote Time Editor in Chief Sam Jacobs. "No one else on the planet today can move so many people so well. Achieving this feat is something we often chalk up to the alignments of planets and fates, but giving too much credit to the stars ignores her skill and her power."
“在一个分裂的世界中，太多组织或体系无法发挥作用时，泰勒·斯威夫特找到了一种超越边界、成为光明源泉的方式，”《时代》杂志主编萨姆·雅各布斯（Sam Jacobs）写道。“如今，没有人能像她那样如此出色地打动这么多人。我们常常将这种成就归功于星象和命运安排，但过分强调运气因素忽视了她的才能和力量。”
transcend
transcend /trænˈsend/ 表示“超越，超过，超出（尤指界限）”，英文解释为“to go beyond the usual limits of something”，举个🌰：The desire for peace transcended political differences. 对和平的渴望超越了政治分歧。
🎬电影《云图》（Cloud Atlas）中的台词提到：One may transcend any convention, if only one can first conceive of doing so. 一个人可以打破任何陈规，只要这个人能首先想到这样做。
feat
feat表示“功绩；技艺；武艺；功绩；英勇事迹”，英文解释为“If you refer to an action, or the result of an action, as a feat, you admire it because it is an impressive and difficult achievement.”如：to perform / attempt / achieve astonishing feats 表演惊人的技艺；争取/取得惊人的功绩，举个🌰：The tunnel is a brilliant feat of engineering. 这条隧道是工程方面的光辉业绩。
📍be no easy feat 不容易，非易事。类似的还有be no small feat/ be no mean feat可以理解为“是了不起的成就，绝非易事”，英文解释为：to be a great achievement，举个🌰：Getting the job finished in under a week was no mean feat. 一周内就把这项任务完成了，真了不起。
🎬电影《惊天魔盗团2》（Now You See Me 2）中的台词提到：by performing what he calls an impossible feat. 在这里上演他所谓不可能的奇迹。
chalk up to
在这个上下文中，“chalk up to”是一个短语，意味着将某件事的发生归因于某种原因或因素。这个表达通常用于描述将成功、失败或其他结果归咎于外部因素，而非内在因素或个人努力。
alignment
1）表示“列队，排整齐”，英文解释为“an arrangement in which two or more things are positioned in a straight line or parallel to each other”举个🌰：The problem is happening because the wheels are out of alignment with each other. 出现这个问题是因为车轮定位不正。
2）表示“结盟，联盟；联合”，英文解释为“an agreement between a group of countries, political parties, or people who want to work together because of shared interests or aims”举个🌰：New alignments are being formed within the business community. 在商界，新的联盟关系正逐渐形成。
📍2022年政府工作报告Part 19中提到：增强“四个意识”、and boost our consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment with the central Party leadership. 最后一个，“看齐意识”就是“keep in alignment with the central Party leadership”.
Swift had a groundbreaking year with the kickoff of her Eras Tour that brought her 3.5-hour show to 66 shows in 23 cities across North America, Argentina and Brazil.
斯威夫特的Eras巡演开启了她突破性的一年，她将3.5小时的演出带到了北美、阿根廷和巴西的23个城市，总共举办了66场演唱会。
groundbreaking
表示“开辟新天地的，独创的，开拓性的，里程碑性的”，英文解释为“You use groundbreaking to describe things which you think are significant because they provide new and positive ideas, and influence the way people think about things.” 如：groundbreaking research 开拓性的研究。
类似的：
📍pioneering /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə.rɪŋ/ 表示“先驱性的，开创性的”，英文解释为“using ideas and methods that have never been used before”如：pioneering techniques 创新技术。
📍seminal 表示“（对以后的发展）影响深远的，有重大意义的；（文章、书等）开创性的，有重大影响的”，英文解释为“a seminal article, book etc is important, and influences the way things develop in the future formal”，如：a seminal study 开创性研究，a seminal work/article 有巨大影响的著作/文章。
kickoff
kick off动词短语，表示“（足球比赛）开球，开始”，英文解释为“If a game of football kicks off, it starts.”当然，也可以指活动，事件的开始，举个🌰：What time does the game kick off? 比赛什么时候开始？
🎬电影《又一年》（Another Year）中的台词提到：- Shall I kick off? - You take the honour.-可以让我开球吗 -当然可以。
📍kick-off 名词，表示“（活动的）开始”，英文解释为“the time when an activity starts”或者表示“（足球比赛的）开球，开赛，中线开球”，英文解释为“the time when a game of football starts, or when it begins again after it has stopped because of a goal, etc.”
When the SAG-AFTRA strike halted the promotion of blockbuster movies, Swift struck a deal with the union and then bypassed production studios to release her movie with distributor AMC. Her Eras Tour film made more than $200 million globally, according to AMC Theatres CEO Adam Aron on X/Twitter.
当美国演员工会（SAG-AFTRA）罢工导致影片宣传停滞时，斯威夫特与该工会达成协议，然后绕过制作公司，与发行商AMC合作发行了她的电影。据AMC院线首席执行官亚当·阿隆（Adam Aron）在X（推特）上透露，她的巡演电影《The Eras Tour》在全球的票房收入超过2亿美元。
strike
strike /straɪk/ 作名词，1）表示“罢工”，英文解释为“a period of time when workers refuse to work because of an argument with an employer about working conditions, pay levels, or job losses”
2）表示“（珍贵东西的）意外发现；（地下贵重物质的）发现”，英文解释为“the discovery underground of a valuable substance”举个🌰：The population and settlement of Colorado expanded after the gold strike of 1858. 1858年发现黄金后，科罗拉多的人口和定居户数大幅增长。
作动词，1）表示“摆出（姿态）”，英文解释为“If you strike a pose or attitude, you put yourself in a particular position, for example when someone is taking your photograph.”举个🌰：He struck a pose, one hand on his hip and the other waving an imaginary cigarette. 他摆出一个姿势，一只手叉腰，另一只手挥动着一支假想的香烟。
2）表示“（时钟）敲，鸣，报时”，英文解释为“When a clock strikes, its bells ring to show what the time is.”举个🌰：The clock was striking ten as we went into the church. 我们走进教堂时响起了10点的报时钟声。
3）表示“突然侵袭；使受折磨；使遭受重创”，英文解释为“to cause a person or place to suffer severely from the effects of something very unpleasant that happens suddenly”举个🌰：The disease has struck the whole community, sometimes wiping out whole families. 疾病袭击了整个社区，有时整个家庭都无一生还。
4）表示“达成，制定（协议）”，英文解释为“to reach or make an agreement”举个🌰：Do you think the government should try to strike a deal with the terrorists? 你认为政府应该尝试与恐怖分子达成协议吗？
📍strike a bargain/deal 表示“达成协议/交易，制定协议”，英文解释为“to agree to do something for someone if they do something for you”举个🌰：There are rumors that the president struck a private deal with the corporation's chairman. 有传言称总裁和公司董事长已经私下里达成协议。
halt
1）表示“使停住；停住”，英文解释为“When a person or a vehicle halts or when something halts them, they stop moving in the direction they were going and stand still.”举个🌰：They halted at a short distance from the house. 他们停在离房子不远处。
2）表示“使完全停止；完全停止”，英文解释为“When something such as growth, development, or activity halts or when you halt it, it stops completely.”举个🌰：Workers halted production at the auto plant yesterday. 昨天，汽车厂的工人完全停止了生产。
🎬电影《危情时速》（Unstoppable）中的台词提到：Emergency responders want to halt all activity near the line 应急响应人员打算停止铁路附近的所有活动。
blockbuster
表示“轰动；巨型炸弹；一鸣惊人的事物；轰动一时的书籍/电影”，英文解释为“a book or film that is very good or successful informal”，如：the latest Hollywood blockbuster 好莱坞最新大片。此前在《流浪地球》（The Wandering Earth）一文中的标题就为：The Wandering Earth is China's biggest sci-fi blockbuster.
🎬电影《创：战纪》（Tron: Legacy）中的台词提到：I would like you to meet, our next blockbuster. 我很乐意向大家呈现我们的巨作。
bypass
动词，表示“绕过；避开”，英文解释为“to go around or avoid a place”举个🌰：A new road now bypasses the town. 一条新路绕城镇而过。
"Twelve of my last 13 tweets (there's that ubiquitous lucky number 13 again) have been about Taylor Swift. Want to know why?" he posted. "Well there are about 200 million reasons why! Taylor Swift's concert film is the highest grossing in history."
“我最近13条推文中有12条（又是无处不在的幸运数字13）都是关于泰勒·斯威夫特的。想知道为什么吗？”他发帖说。“原因是大约2亿！泰勒·斯威夫特的演唱会电影是有史以来票房最高的。”
ubiquitous
ubiquitous /juːˈbɪk.wɪ.təs/表示“无所不在的”，英文解释为“If you describe something or someone as ubiquitous, you mean that they seem to be everywhere.”举个🌰：Coffee shops are ubiquitous these days. 如今好像到处都是咖啡馆。意思相近的一个形容词：
📍pervasive表示“到处存在的，到处弥漫着的，遍布的”，英文解释为“Something, especially something bad, that is pervasive is present or felt throughout a place or thing.”如：the pervasive influence of mobile phones in daily life 手机在日常生活中无处不在的影响。
In November, Bloomberg named Swift a billionaire from her booming Eras Tour, movie hitting theaters, album re-recordings and merchandise sales.
11月，彭博社 (Bloomberg) 称，凭借其火爆的Eras巡演、上映的电影、重录的专辑和周边商品销售，斯威夫特已成为亿万富翁。
booming
booming /ˈbuː.mɪŋ/ 1）表示“（经济）繁荣的；迅速发展的”，英文解释为“increasing or becoming successful and producing a lot of money very quickly”举个🌰：Business is booming at the moment. 目前，业务正在蓬勃发展。
2）表示“（声音）低沉有回响的；隆隆的”，英文解释为“making a deep and loud hollow sound”如：a booming voice 洪亮的声音。
merchandise
merchandise /ˈmɜːtʃəndaɪz, -daɪs/ 表示“商品；货品”，英文解释为“goods that are bought or sold; goods that are for sale in a shop/store”如：a wide selection of merchandise 品种丰富的商品。
📍gross merchandise value，GMV，表示“（一段时间内）商品交易总额”。
A hidden “Taylor Swift economy” catapulted sales for business owners across the nation. From soaps to a thematic cruise inspired by her eras, the insatiable thirst for Swift gear skyrocketed. The USA TODAY Network even hired a reporter dedicated to covering the Taylor Swift beat full-time.
隐性的“泰勒·斯威夫特经济”推动了全美企业主的销售额。从肥皂到受其Eras巡演启发的主题邮轮，人们对斯威夫特相关商品的渴求急剧上升。《今日美国》网络版甚至聘请了一名全职记者专门报道泰勒·斯威夫特。
catapult
catapult /ˈkætəˌpʌlt/ 1）作动词，原意表示“把…射出，把…弹出；（被）猛掷，猛扔；弹射”，英文解释为“to throw sb/sth or be thrown suddenly and violently through the air”举个🌰：She was catapulted out of the car as it hit the wall. 汽车撞墙时，她被甩出车外。
📍霉霉《Red》重录专辑上线了文中提到，be catapulted into sth表示“突然经历；一跃而成”，英文解释为“to suddenly experience a particular state, such as being famous”举个🌰：The award for best actress meant that almost overnight she was catapulted into the limelight. 获得最佳女演员奖意味着她几乎一夜之间成了公众关注的焦点。
2）作名词，表示“投射器；石弩；弹射器”，英文解释为“a device that can throw objects at a high speed”举个🌰：In the past, armies used catapults to hurl heavy stones at enemy fortifications. 古代军队使用石弩将重石投向敌人的防御工事。
cruise
cruise /kruːz/ 作名词，表示“航游，乘船游览”，英文解释为“a journey on a large ship for pleasure, during which you visit several places”如：a luxury cruise ship 豪华游轮
作动词，表示“（船只或飞机）巡航，以平稳的速度航行”，英文解释为“If a ship or aircraft cruises, it travels at a continuous speed.”
insatiable
insatiable /ɪnˈseɪʃəbəl, -ʃɪə-/ 表示“（尤指欲望或需求）无法满足的，贪得无厌的”，英文解释为“(especially of a desire or need) too great to be satisfied”举个🌰：Like so many politicians, she had an insatiable appetite/desire/hunger for power. 同许多政客一样，她对权力贪得无厌。
gear
表示“（从事某活动的）装备，用具，衣服”，英文解释为“the equipment, clothes, etc. that you use to do a particular activity”，如：fishing/camping gear 钓鱼/野营用具，又是联邦快递！文中提到华为公司时用的telecom-gear maker 通讯/电信设备制造商。
📍gear可以指衣服（clothes），如：all the latest gear 最新潮的衣服。
skyrocket
skyrocket /ˈskaɪˌrɒk.ɪt/ 动词，表示“剧增；猛涨”，英文解释为“If prices or amounts skyrocket, they suddenly increase by a very large amount.”如：the skyrocketing costs of health care 暴涨的医疗费用。
Professionally she killed it in 2023, and personally she started dating star tight end Travis Kelce. In Argentina, the Kansas City Chief attended her concert where she sang “End Game” in her surprise set and changed a “Karma” lyric to “Karma is the guy on the Chiefs coming straight home to me.”
从其职业生涯看，她在2023年大红大紫，而个人生活中，她则开始与美式橄榄球进攻端球星特拉维斯·凯尔斯（Travis Kelce）约会。在阿根廷，堪萨斯城酋长队（Kansas City Chiefs）出席了她的演唱会，她在演唱会上惊喜地演唱了《End Game》，并将《Karma》里的歌词改为改为“Karma is the guy on the Chiefs coming straight home to me”。
tight end
近端锋（Tight end，TE）是美式橄榄球中进攻组的一个位置。列队于左或右截锋之外的一名球员，叫做近端锋，其角色较为多样。
lyric
lyric /ˈlɪrɪk/ 通常复数lyrics 表示“歌词”，英文解释为“the words of a song, especially a pop song”。
The love story has played out publicly, boosting ratings for the NFL, spiking “Kelce” jersey sales and propelling the athlete into a bigger universe of fandom. The football player had to move into a gated home for greater security.
这段爱情故事的公开，提升了美国国家橄榄球联盟（NFL）赛事收视率，推高了“凯尔斯”球衣的销量，并将这位运动员推向了更大的粉丝圈。这位橄榄球运动员不得不搬到有门禁的房子里，以获得更安全的保障。
boost
可以作名词也可以作动词，表示“改善；提高；增强；推动”，英文解释为“to improve or increase something”举个🌰：The theatre managed to boost its audiences by cutting ticket prices. 剧院设法通过降低票价来增加观众数量。
📍“佩洛西有病还是先治病吧”文中提到be boosted，get boosted用来指打了加强针（疫苗），也有说booster shot/booster dose.
spike
在剑桥词典公布2020年度词汇：Quarantine中出现了这个词，1）作名词，可以理解为“峰值”或者“激增；猛增；急升”，英文解释为“a sharp increase in the magnitude or concentration of something”，如：a spike in oil prices 油价的急剧上涨。
2）也可以作动词，同样表示“激增”，英文解释为“if the number or rate of something spikes, it increases quickly and by a large amount ”举个🌰：New orders have spiked in the last two years. 新订单在过去两年里激增。
3）作名词，表示“尖头，尖刺；（尤指金属的）尖状物”，英文解释为“a narrow, thin shape with a sharp point at one end, or something, especially a piece of metal, with this shape”
4）spikes表示“（某些运动鞋上的）防滑鞋钉；钉鞋”，英文解释为“a set of short, pointed pieces of metal or plastic, attached to the bottom of shoes worn for particular sports, that stop the person wearing the shoes from sliding on the ground, or shoes with these pointed pieces”
propel
表示“推动；驱动；推进”，英文解释为“To propel something in a particular direction means to cause it to move in that direction.”举个🌰：The tiny rocket is attached to the spacecraft and is designed to propel it toward Mars. 微型火箭附在宇宙飞船上，用来推进飞船飞向火星。The film propelled him to international stardom. 这部电影使他成为了国际巨星。
fandom
1）表示“狂热喜爱，痴迷状态”，英文解释为“the state of being a fan of someone or something, especially a very enthusiastic one”，如：the world of martial arts movie fandom 功夫片的痴迷世界。
2）表示“…迷，狂热爱好者；热烈崇拜者”，英文解释为“a group of fans of someone or something, especially very enthusiastic ones”举个🌰：Harry Potter fans have joined with members of fandoms from other popular books. 哈利·波特迷们跟其他流行书籍爱好者会合在一起。
Heading into 2024, Swift will kick off the Eras Tour again in Tokyo, Japan, and Australia. Her current pinnacle has been a long time coming, but it may also be just beginning.
2024年，斯威夫特将在日本东京和澳大利亚再次开启Eras巡演。她目前的巅峰期已经到来很久，但也许只是刚刚开始。
pinnacle
pinnacle /ˈpɪn.ə.kəl/ 表示“极点；顶点，顶峰”，英文解释为“the most successful or admired part of a system or achievement”举个🌰：By the age of 30 she had reached the pinnacle of her career. 她在30岁时事业达到顶峰。
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