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为考研、出国、找工作提前做规划
还有的同学为雅思考试掉头发
嘿嘿别着急，今天传传就特邀
官微主编、官微英文音频部部长 王雪枫同学
为大家聊聊雅思考试那些事儿～
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有图有真相
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话不多说，快来听听音频吧！
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Trust me, it's gonna be a mind-blower!
准备好，本文会颠覆你对雅思考试的认知！
No.1
Vocabulary: significant premise or not?
词汇：是重要的备考前提吗？
I cannot tell you vocabulary is not important in IELTS. After all, it's an applied linguistic test, so vocabulary is the basic of the basics. But what I can definitely tell you is, starting your preparation with memorizing vocabulary is not a wise choice. 我不能告诉你单词量在雅思考试中不重要。毕竟，这是一个语言应用考试，词汇是基础中的基础。但我可以笃定地告诉你的是，从背单词开始你的备考之路并不是一个明智的选择。First of all, many of the words you memorized are actually quite useless, aka, they wouldn't appear in the test. It really depends on the quality of the vocabulary books. Secondly, even if you did cover all the valuable words, after not using them for a while, they will become blurred in your mind. So it's a waste of time and energy. 首先，你背的很多单词很可能其实并没有多大用，都不会在考试里出现。这和单词书的质量有很大关系。其次，就算真的把所有应试词汇都背下来了，一段时间没有使用，它们也会在记忆里变得模糊。所以这往往是事倍功半。And even if you can remember most of them, you'll still find that you cannot swiftly identify these words while listening, cannot figure out their actual meaning in the context while reading, cannot use them fluently while speaking, and most certainly cannot get a higher mark even if you fit them all into your writing task. 更何况，即使你考试的时候还记得大部分单词书里的单词，你仍会发现自己在听力里不能迅速捕捉这些词，在阅读语境里不能准确理解这些词，在口语考试时不能流利使用这些词，在作文里，往往就算是把这些高级词汇使了个遍，也拿不到多少分。
Why? Because IELTS is a highly skill-oriented exam, it is designed to test whether your English skills can well support your daily communication with your friends, classmate, professor, tutor, supervisor, shopkeeper, etc. So to pass this exam, it's not about how much you know about English, but how well you can use English as a tool to socialize and deliver your thoughts.为什么？因为雅思考试本身是一个非常注重能力的考试，原先就是被设计来考察考生的英语水平是否能支持他们在英语语言环境中与他们的朋友、同学、教授、上司、商店店主等等自如交流。所以要想应对这门考试，关键不在于你知道多少英语，而在于你能多大程度上熟练使用英语，将其作为日常交际和表达思想的工具。
And that leads to my third point, even if you don't know many words and expressions, as long as you get command of some crucial test skills, it's very likely for you to achieve a high score in IELTS. 于是我想说的第三点就来了：就算你不知道很多单词和表达法，只要你能掌握一些重要的考试技巧，也能够在雅思考试中拿到高分。
To sum up, don't start preparing IELTS with vocabulary, always start with getting your hands on the real test papers and skill guidance from online classes. If you really want to expand vocabulary, from my own GRE preparation experience, the only effective way is to memorize a fixed amount of words at a fixed time everyday and make it a habit. 总之，不要从背单词开始准备雅思考试。永远是从真正做题开始备考。如果你真的想要扩大自己的词汇量，从我备考GRE的经验而言，唯一有效的方法是每天定时定量地背单词，养成习惯.。
No.2
Grammar: worth exploring or not?
语法：值得下力气恶补吗？
Actually, many commonly-mentioned test skills have its basis on grammar, and this is always ignored by trainers. So, if you find yourself well aware of the skills dealing with various kinds of questions, but just cannot solve them correctly or efficiently, it's probably because your grammar needs improving. 实际上，许多常见的雅思考试技巧都是以语法为前提的，所以如果你发现自己明明清楚许多类型题目的解题技巧但就是没法正确或高效地解决它们，也许正是因为你的语法需要提升。
For example, in listening task, trainers will tell you to pay attention to "Synonym Replacement"of the keyword. So you would go memorizing many pairs of synonyms. But when you actually get down to listening, you will find yourself losing point often because identifying the wrong keyword for replacement, or the keyword appears way ahead the target blank so you didn't notice what it actually was. Then your trainer will tell you to form the habit of "prediction". But how? This is where a good comprehension of the how a sentence can be structured and subordinate clauses can be organized plays its trick. And that, my friend, is called grammar. 例如，在听力里，老师们会告诉你要注意关键词的“同义替换”。于是你会去背很多组同义替换的单词。但你真正做听力的时候，会发现自己依然由于定位错了关键词，或者关键词在题空之前很多出现被漏听而失分。于是老师又会告诉你要养成“预测”关键词出现的习惯。但如何预测呢？这就是对句子结构和从句位置深入理解发挥作用的时候了，换言之，即语法知识。Also, when doing reading test, have you ever wasted a lot of time on figuring out the meaning of a hell-long sentence? Sometimes you can't even avoid it because it's related to a question. You know every single word in the sentence, but because of its over-complicated structure, the nuanced meanings behind it will cost you a lot of scores. 还有，做阅读的时候，你是否曾经浪费很多时间在搞清楚一个很长的句子的意思上？有时你甚至不能跳过这个句子，因为它对应着一道题目。你知道这句子里的每个单词，但因为它过于复杂的结构，其中细微的意思差别可能就导致你失分不少。
I don't even need to mention the awkward moment when you know you want to say something in speaking task, and you have memorized the key expressions for it, but you just can't finish the sentence without several pauses or self-corrections. And the reason why you are always in a rush during writing task and find yourself constantly erasing what had been written down because what you are going to write next in this sentence does not harmonize with it? 我甚至不需要提到那些无比尴尬的时刻，比如你在口语考试中知道自己想说什么，也记得关键的表达法，但就是不能不打磕巴或者反复自我纠正地说下一句完整的句子。还有在写作时你总是时间紧张，却不断修改之前写下的内容，因为你之后要写的和之前句子的内容不能一次性连贯协调。
All because of grammar problems!A good grammar will guarantee you unhindered comprehension as well as fluent expression both in oral and in written English. So please spare enough time on grammar practice. Reading grammar books won't do the job. You have to do grammar tasks, like passage correction or bilingual translation. The more, the better.一个好的语法知识体系可以为你保证口语与书面英语中顺畅的理解和流利的表达。所以请在语法练习上花足够的时间。只是读语法书是没用的。你必须做语法题去练习，比如做短文改错或者汉英-英汉翻译练习，越多越好。
No.3
Samples: necessary or not?
模板：到底要不要用？
Indeed, copying from samples is not favorable in IELTS, and most of the time will seem disharmonious in your essay or sounds obviously not your true color in speaking task. However, if you have a little ambition and would like to score over 7 in speaking task or more than 6 in writing, samples can be your good friends – just not the way you normally utilize it. 的确，借鉴模板的行为在雅思考试中不被看好。而且多数时候会在你的作文里看起来格格不入，或者在你的口语回答中听起来不是你自己的言语。但我想说的是，如果你有一点点小野心，想要口语上7或者写作突破6分，模板或许会是你的好帮手——只是与你通常使用它们的方式有所不同。
In each of the four grading standards of speaking and writing tasks, one common standard plays a critical role: lexical resource, which basically means, smart usage of words, expressions and beautiful sentences. 在口语和写作的四项评分标准中，有一个共同的标准起到关键性的作用：语言丰富度，即巧妙地使用单词、表达法和优美的句子。And to enhance your lexical resource, memorizing well-written paragraphs or sophisticated conversations is a must. After reciting these good examples for a while, you will find yourself with: first, various ways to express a same point; second, simpler and more direct words to express an argument which used to cost you 3-4 sentences to make it clear; and third, more felicitous description of your inner feeling about many things. 想要提升你的语言丰富度，记忆写得很好的语段或者漂亮的对话是一个必要条件。坚持背诵这些好的范例一段时间以后，你会发现自己：第一，表达同一个意思有了不止一种方法；第二，原来需要3到4句话讲明白的论点，现在可以用更简单和直接的词汇去清晰表达；第三，在表达对许多事物的内在感受时，有了更贴切的形容与描绘。
It is also true that as soon as you try to deliberately recite them in task, you will be doomed as heck. Whenever I try to find a balance for using samples, I would recall a classic scene in Yi Tian Tu Long Ji, in which the male protagonist Zhang Wuji was facing a kick-ass enemy and needed to learn a brand-new set of swordsmanship called Taiji Jian. His master taught him move by move, and weirdly, asked him how much he had forgotten the moves already. When Zhang Wuji said he had completely forgotten the swordsmanship, his master said he was ready to face his enemy. It's because only when you don't apply what you have learned in a fixed mode and try to perform every move “right”, will you use these moves in a way that is “good”.不过的确，一旦你开始试着在考试中背诵模板，你就完蛋了。每当我在使用模板时寻求平衡时，都会想起倚天屠龙记里的经典一幕。主人公张无忌对战一个剑术高手，他的师父现场一招一式传授他太极剑。反常的是，每教几招就会问张无忌忘了多少。当张无忌说他把招式全部忘了的时候，师父告诉他，他已经准备好迎战了。当你不去以固定的模式使用所学的东西，不去关注如何“用对“的时候，才是你开始将它们“用好”的时候。
No.4
Logic: important or not?
逻辑：重要不重要？
Actually, after talking about grammar and lexical resource, the other two remaining judging criteria for IELTS writing are TR, Task Response and CC, Coherence and Cohesion, both related to logic. To be clear, TR examines through how relevant your argument is to the given topic and the question specifically asked about it, while CC is meant to test the quality of your logic linkage, i.e., whether or not you can organize an argument in a way that is both comprehensible by normal people and convincing even for your opponent. 其实讲过了语法和语言丰富度，其余两个雅思写作的评分标准：TR和CC都与逻辑有关。明确来说，TR是考察你的论点与所给话题和根据话题设计的问题相关程度，CC是为了考察你的逻辑的完整程度，也就是说，你是否能有条理组织你的论证，使其能被一般人所理解，甚至对于和你持相反观点的人而言具有一定说服力。A simple way to self-check your logic is to read your essay right after you finished it, and see if the two adjacent sentences actually means the same. A common mistake made by band 5.5 students are that their lexical resource is too fine that they just use different expressions for the same meaning and merely being repetitive in making an assertion without getting down to prove it. And another very common mistake is the example you give is not talking about the same thing as the first sentence of the paragraph given as your line of argument. 一个检查逻辑优劣的简单方式是写完作文后立刻再读一遍，看你的相邻句子是否说的其实是一回事。写作5.5分同学们经常出现的问题是他们的语言丰富度太好以至于只是在用不同的表达法说同一个东西，而且只是在讲观点，却没有开始扎实地论证。另一个常见逻辑问题是段落中给出的例子与首句想说的观点其实并不是一回事。
A good logic can also help with your reading. For example, in the True/False/Not Given questions, many people have difficulty distinguishing what's false and what's not given. That's because they overlooked the nuance between “no prove” and “disprove”. And in speaking, many people just randomly throw their opinions at the examiner, leaving the examiner to figure out their argument by themselves. When they receive a low score, they complain that their idea is perfect, their argument is correct, and they often blame it on their pronunciation or the examiner's discrimination. In fact, if you put their speech into text, and reorganize the same sentences into a more structured one, their speaking score is likely to rise as much as 1 point. That's why there are always people try to recite already organized speeches, but most certainly, they fail. 一个好的逻辑同样可以帮助你的阅读提分。例如在True/False/Not Given题型中，不少同学区分“错误”和“未提及”存在困难。这是因为他们忽视了“无法证明”和“证明为假”两种逻辑的细微差别。还有在口语考试中，许多人只是随意地向考官提出自己的看法，让考官自己去理清他们的思路和论点。当他们得分并不理想的时候，抱怨自己的想法没毛病，论点也正确，经常怪的是自己发音不好，或者考官故意压分。事实上，如果把他们说的话写成文字并重新组织，他们的口语分数可以上涨整整1分。这就是为什么总是有人尝试背诵整段或整篇的模板，因为这样逻辑会更顺畅，只是不幸常常以失败告终。The essence is, have better logic. You could improve your logic by joining in English debating, that's the way I do it, or you could consult teachers who are good at academic writing, asking them to help you analyze the logical linkage sentence by sentence in sophisticated academic papers or sample essays. 关键在于，提升逻辑思维能力。你可以像我一样通过参加英语辩论，或者去咨询擅长学术写作的老师，让他们帮你逐句分析好的学术文章或范文里句子的逻辑关系。
NOTES：Let's have a little recap of our five our classic misconceptions and their correct answers: 复习一下：Resource: online or offline? Online.资料选择线上还是线下? 选择线上。Vocabulary: significant premise or not? Nope.背单词是开始复习雅思的前提吗？ 并不。Grammar: worth exploring or not? Very well worth it!语法值得我们花精力去着重复习吗？ 相当值得。Samples: necessary or not? Quite necessary.模板要背吗？ 还是很有必要的。Logic: important or not? Definitely important.逻辑重要吗？ 很重要。
本期主播：
电视学院 2016级广播电视学（国际新闻传播方向），中国传媒大学官微主编，广播台ICQ Station英文主播，官微英文音频部部长。
优美的发音都是出自刻苦的练习。英语从来没有什么“快乐学习”之路，只有掌握合适的方法，学得比别人“快”，才能在其中获得“乐”。