初心诵 ┆ 师生接力共读《共产党宣言》第十四期，经典与你相约

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初心诵 ┆ 师生接力共读《共产党宣言》第十四期，经典与你相约

2017-06-03 青马工作室 陕西师范大学马克思主义学院

共产主义并不剥夺任何人占有社会产品的权力，它只剥夺利用这种占有去奴役他人劳动的权力。

——《共产党宣言》

初心诵，取“不忘初心，继续前进”之意。本档节目开播以来，得到了大家的大力支持。现在，小青马非常激动地宣布，初心诵第14期开播啦！美妙的嗓音，深刻的解读，快来听听吧!

原文如下

共产党宣言

The Communism Manifesto

在农民阶级远远超过人口半数的国家，例如在法国，那些站在无产阶级方面反对资产阶级的著作家，自然是用小资产阶级和小农的尺度去批判资产阶级制度的，是从小资产阶级的立场出发替工人说话的。这样就形成了小资产阶级的社会主义。西斯蒙第不仅对法国而且对英国来说都是这类著作家的首领。

In countries like France, where the peasants constitute far more than half of the population, it was natural that writers who sided with the proletariat against the bourgeoisie, should use, in their criticism of the bourgeois regime, the standard of the peasant and petty bourgeois, and from the standpoint of these intermediate classes should take up the cudgels for the working class. Thus arose petty-bourgeois Socialism. Sismondi was the head of this school, not only in France but also in England.
这种社会主义非常透彻地分析了现代生产关系中的矛盾。它揭穿了经济学家的虚伪的粉饰。它确凿地证明了机器和分工的破坏作用、资本和地产的积聚、生产过剩、危机、小资产者和小农的必然没落、无产阶级的贫困、生产的无政府状态、财富分配的极不平均、各民族之间的毁灭性的工业战争，以及旧风尚、旧家庭关系和旧民族性的解体。但是，这种社会主义按其实际内容来说，或者是企图恢复旧的生产资料和交换手段，从而恢复旧的所有制关系和旧的社会，或者是企图重新把现代的生产资料和交换手段硬塞到已被它们突破而且必然被突破的旧的所有制关系的框子里去。它在这两种场合都是反动的，同时又是空想的。

This school of Socialism dissected with great acuteness the contradictions in the conditions of modern production. It laid bare the hypocritical apologies of economists. It proved, incontrovertibly, the disastrous effects of machinery and division of labour; the concentration of capital and land in a few hands; overproduction and crises; it pointed out the inevitable ruin of the petty bourgeois and peasant, the misery of the proletariat, the anarchy in production, the crying inequalities in the distribution of wealth, the industrial war of extermination between nations, the dissolution of old moral bonds, of the old family relations, of the old nationalities.

In its positive aims, however, this form of Socialism aspires either to restoring the old means of production and of exchange, and with them the old property relations, and the old society, or to cramping the modern means of production and of exchange, within the framework of the old property relations that have been, and were bound to be, exploded by those means. In either case, it is both reactionary and Utopian.

工业中的行会制度，农业中的宗法经济，——这就是它的结论。这一思潮在它以后的发展中变成了一种怯懦的悲叹。

法国的社会主义和共产主义的文献是在居于统治地位的资产阶级的压迫下产生的，并且是同这种统治作斗争的文字表现，这种文献被搬到德国的时候，那里的资产阶级才刚刚开始进行反对封建专制制度的斗争。
德国的哲学家、半哲学家和美文学家，贪婪地抓住了这种文献，不过他们忘记了：在这种著作从法国搬到德国的时候，法国的生活条件却没有同时搬过去。在德国的条件下，法国的文献完全失去了直接实践的意义，而只具有纯粹文献的形式。它必然表现为关于真正的社会、关于实现人的本质的无谓思辨。这样，第一次法国革命的要求，在18世纪的德国哲学家看来，不过是一般“实践理性”的要求，而革命的法国资产阶级的意志的表现，在他们心目中就是纯粹的意志、本来的意志、真正人的意志的规律。

Its last words are: corporate guilds for manufacture, patriarchal relations in agriculture.

Ultimately, when stubborn historical facts had dispersed all intoxicating effects of self-deception, this form of Socialism ended in a miserable fit of the blues.

The Socialist and Communist literature of France, a literature that originated under the pressure of a bourgeoisie in power, and that was the expression of the struggle against this power, was introduced into Germany at a time when the bourgeoisie, in that country, had just begun its contest with feudal absolutism.

German philosophers, would-be philosophers, and beaux esprits, eagerly seized on this literature, only forgetting, that when these writings immigrated from France into Germany, French social conditions had not immigrated along with them. In contact with German social conditions, this French literature lost all its immediate practical significance, and assumed a purely literary aspect. Thus, to the German philosophers of the eighteenth century, the demands of the first French Revolution were nothing more than the demands of "Practical Reason" in general, and the utterance of the will of the revolutionary French bourgeoisie signified in their eyes the law of pure Will, of Will as it was bound to be, of true human Will generally.

德国著作家的唯一工作，就是把新的法国的思想同他们的旧的哲学信仰调和起来，或者毋宁说，就是从他们的哲学观点出发去掌握法国的思想。这种掌握，就像掌握外国语一样，是通过翻译的。

大家知道，僧侣们曾经在古代异教经典的手抄本上面写上荒诞的天主教圣徒传。德国著作家对世俗的法国文献采取相反的作法。他们在法国的原著下面写上自己的哲学胡说。例如，他们在法国人对货币关系的批判下面写上“人的本质的外化”，在法国人对资产阶级国家的批判下面写上所谓“抽象普遍物的统治的扬弃”，等等。
这种在法国人的论述下面塞进自己哲学词句的做法，他们称之为“行动的哲学”、”真正的社会主义”、“德国的社会主义科学”、“社会主义的哲学论证”，等等。

The world of the German literate consisted solely in bringing the new French ideas into harmony with their ancient philosophical conscience, or rather, in annexing the French ideas without deserting their own philosophic point of view.

This annexation took place in the same way in which a foreign language is appropriated, namely, by translation.

It is well known how the monks wrote silly lives of Catholic Saints over the manuscripts on which the classical works of ancient heathendom had been written. The German literate reversed this process with the profane French literature. They wrote their philosophical nonsense beneath the French original. For instance, beneath the French criticism of the economic functions of money, they wrote "Alienation of Humanity," and beneath the French criticism of the bourgeois State they wrote "dethronement of the Category of the General," and so forth.

The introduction of these philosophical phrases at the back of the French historical criticisms they dubbed "Philosophy of Action," "True Socialism," "German Science of Socialism," "Philosophical Foundation of Socialism," and so on.

法国的社会主义和共产主义的文献就这样被完全阉割了。既然这种文献在德国人手里已不再表现一个阶级反对另一个阶级的斗争，于是德国人就认为：他们克服了“法国人的片面性”，他们不代表真实的要求，而代表真理的要求，不代表无产者的利益，而代表人的本质的利益，即一般人的利益，这种人不属于任何阶级，根本不存在于现实界，而只存在于云雾弥漫的哲学幻想的太空。

这种曾经郑重其事地看待自己那一套拙劣的小学生作业并且大言不惭地加以吹嘘的德国社会主义，现在渐渐失去了它的自炫博学的天真。

The French Socialist and Communist literature was thus completely emasculated. And, since it ceased in the hands of the German to express the struggle of one class with the other, he felt conscious of having overcome "French one-sidedness" and of representing, not true requirements, but the requirements of truth; not the interests of the proletariat, but the interests of Human Nature, of Man in general, who belongs to no class, has no reality, who exists only in the misty realm of philosophical fantasy.

This German Socialism, which took its schoolboy task so seriously and solemnly, and extolled its poor stock-in-trade in such mountebank fashion, meanwhile gradually lost its pedantic innocence.

本期朗诵者

文学院党委秘书，团委书记

辛田

寄语

重温《共产党宣言》，在诵读中感受这部著作，其逻辑之优美，内容之概括，语言叙述之严密，闪烁着马列经典的魅力，彰显着理论的威力和思想的锋芒。我将坚持读马列，不忘初心，继续前行。

2015级思想政治教育创新实验班

王敏

（英文朗诵）

感言

这种方式创新了对马列经典著作的研读，忠于英文原著，可以更好的理解作者想要表达的意思，师生共读，这个方式挺好的，不同的阶段去读的话，会有不同的收获吧。参与这次活动同时也深刻了解到自己单词量的匮乏，还是要好好学英语，好好准备考六级。

2015级思想政治教育1班

王彦弘

（英文朗诵）

感言

初心诵，诵初心，之所以诵读经典，就是因为经典著作中凝结着革命先辈探索人类解放的心血，蕴藏着指导实践的真理。学习经典，学习先辈们的优良品质，这是作为当代青年大学生所必须的。不忘初心，方得始终，牢记初心，才能勇敢前行！

2014级思想政治教育创新实验班

蔡嘉忻

感言

先表达一下感谢，感谢初心诵工作人员的辛勤付出。接着划重点，小伙伴们一定要听一听，这一期有个小哥哥声音超好听！回归主题，谈谈阅读原著。马克思主义经典著作是理论武装的力量源泉，在学习过程中，要多思多悟，把学经典的成果转化为观察、思考、分析问题的立场、观点和方法，指导实践活动。阅读原著就如同啃甘蔗一样不容易，但读进去之后就会尝到甘甜的蔗汁。愿小伙伴们都能享受原著阅读，有所收获。

2014级新闻与传播学院

播音与主持艺术系

陕翔

感言

以有声力量，重现辉煌历史。我们今天用新的方式展现以往的故事，曾经的思想；我想我们不是在缅怀，而且这样的东西会在现在，对未来，有无比大之力量。每个人，都会在这种力量的依伴下前行

快来看看

青马送给各位朗诵者的小礼物

接下来

和小编一起来看看幕后花絮吧！

看到这里是不是控住不住寄几了呢？

我们走，和小青马一起来读《宣言》吧！

现在又到了宣传时间啦!