何为妥拉？
妥拉是什么？ What is Torah？
妥拉（Torah）是一本古卷，包含创世纪、出埃及记、利未记、民数记和申命记——即圣经的前五卷书。它是整本圣经的基础。
妥拉也是信耶稣的根基。和福音相关的所有概念——如上帝、圣洁、公义、罪、献祭、悔改、信心、赦免、盟约、恩典和天国降临——都是由妥拉引进的。各类基本圣礼如洗礼、圣餐、祷告和祝福也都源于妥拉。因为妥拉，才能有对耶稣的信心；若没有妥拉，福音就失去了根基，无法站稳。
妥拉（Torah）是个希伯来语词汇，大多数英文圣经将它翻译为“law（律法）”。妥拉之所以又称为摩西的律法，因为它是由摩西写下的。它的意义非凡，远不是普通的法律条书能相比的。“妥拉”(תורה) 一词来自希伯来语词根yara (ירה)，意思是“指示”或“教导”。虽然它也包含了一些法律规定，但它不只是“律法”，它更是神的“教导”和“指示”，所以妥拉这个词也常常用来指代整本圣经。在我们的认知中，福音书、使徒行传、各书信以及启示录也包含在广义的妥拉里。它们都是神的指示，也都根源于摩西的妥拉。
妥拉讲述了神百姓的故事，包括他们最初如何成为了属神的子民。所有信徒的共同点就是拥有妥拉。我们都立在一个根基上，妥拉就是我们共同的起源。它是神自己的书。
The Torah is an ancient scroll containing the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy — the first five books of the Bible. The Torah provides a solid footing for the entire Bible.
The Torah is the foundation of faith in Yeshua. All of the concepts associated with the Gospel—such as God, holiness, righteousness, sin, sacrifice, repentance, faith, forgiveness, covenant, grace and the kingdom of heaven on earth—are introduced in the Torah. Basic sacraments and rituals like baptism, communion, prayer and blessing all come from the Torah. Faith in Jesus is meaningful because of the Torah. Without the Torah, the Gospel has no foundation on which to stand.
The Hebrew word torah is translated "law" in most of our English Bibles. The Torah is called the Law of Moses because Moses wrote it, but the Torah is more than just a legal code. The word "Torah" (תורה) is from the Hebrew root, yara (ירה) which means "to instruct" or "to teach." Although it does contain laws, Torah itself is not only a "law", but it is God’s "teaching" and "instruction." That explains why the word Torah is often used to refer to the whole Bible. From our perspective, even the Gospels, Acts, Epistles, and Revelation fall under the broad definition of Torah. It’s all God’s instruction, and it’s all rooted in the Torah of Moses.
The Torah is the story of God’s people and how they came to be the people of God in the first place. The Torah is something all believers have in common. We all have this common ground. The Torah is our shared origin. It is God’s book.
妥拉诵读循环 the Torah Reading Cycle
每周，全世界的会堂都会诵读Torah（摩西五经）的部分段落。在希伯来语里，这些段落叫做Parashat HaShavua (פָּרָשַׁת הַשָּׁבוּעַ)，意思是“本周的份量”。有时候也叫做parsha或sidra。
犹太社群读经时，会根据希伯来日历，对应划分好的妥拉段落来读。一整年下来，会堂里能将所有妥拉内容公开诵读一轮。每次诵读的部分，都会以该段落开头第一句中的其中一个重要希伯来语词命名。在常规的阅读循环中，共有54个妥拉诵读段落。
Each week, synagogues across the world read a section from the Torah (the five books of Moses). In Hebrew, this passage is called Parashat HaShavua (פָּרָשַׁת הַשָּׁבוּעַ), which means “portion of the week.” Sometimes it is called the parsha or sidra.
The Jewish community follows a schedule of readings based on the Hebrew calendar. Over the course of a year, the entire Torah is read publicly during the synagogue services. Each reading has a name based on one of the important Hebrew words in the first sentence of the passage. There are fifty-four portions in the regular cycle.
妥拉段落诵读 Torah Portions Readings
每周在犹太会堂中，妥拉部分的诵读会紧随经文章节进行。“因为从古以来，摩西的书在各城有人传讲，每逢安息日在会堂里诵读。”（使徒行转15:21）在会堂里，妥拉诵读循环通常会在9-10月份，从创世纪1:1开始。从创世纪到申命记，所有经文被划分成了54个部分，由人们每周在会堂里用希伯来语大声诵读。每部分的名字来自本周经文第一句中，一个有意义的希伯来语词。诵读一年后，会中会结束申命记的诵读，并再次开始读创世记。
除了诵读摩西五经外，妥拉诵读循坏还包括了每周的先知书阅读。在FFOZ（锡安初熟的果子）机构，我们也编排了伴随妥拉阅读的福音书和使徒行传部分。（译者注：犹太弥赛亚信徒的圣经学习机构通常会将新约对应妥拉段落主题的内容一起诵读，但各个机构挑选的新约部分会有少许差别）。
The Torah Portions site follows the passages of Scripture that are read aloud in Jewish synagogues every week. "For Moses from ancient generations has in every city those who preach him, since he is read in the synagogues every Sabbath" (Acts 15:21). In the synagogue, the Torah cycle begins with Genesis 1:1, usually around September/October. The full text of Genesis through Deuteronomy is broken into 54 sections containing a few chapters each. Each week one of these sections is chanted aloud to the congregation in Hebrew. The names of the weekly portions are derived from a significant Hebrew word in the first sentence of that week's reading. A year after beginning the first portion, the congregation finishes Deuteronomy and begins Genesis again.
In addition to readings from the five books of Moses, the Torah reading cycle includes a weekly reading from the prophets. At First Fruits of Zion, we have also created an accompanying reading cycle for the Gospels and Acts.
First Fruits of Zion
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