双语对照 | 《中国的生物多样性保护》白皮书

中国的生物多样性保护

Biodiversity Conservation
in China

（2021年10月）

中华人民共和国

国务院新闻办公室

The StateCouncil Information Office of
the People’s Republic of China

October 2021

目录

Contents

前言

Preface                                                                                                     1

一、秉持人与自然和谐共生理念

    I.Harmony Between Humanity and Nature                                                3

二、提高生物多样性保护成效

  II.Increasing the Efficiency of BiodiversityConservation                       5

三、提升生物多样性治理能力

III.Improving Biodiversity Governance                                                      18

四、深化全球生物多样性保护合作

IV.Further Global Cooperation on BiodiversityConservation                25

结束语

Conclusion    30

前言

Preface

“生物多样性”是生物（动物、植物、微生物）与环境形成的生态复合体以及与此相关的各种生态过程的总和，包括生态系统、物种和基因三个层次。生物多样性关系人类福祉，是人类赖以生存和发展的重要基础。人类必须尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然，加大生物多样性保护力度，促进人与自然和谐共生。

Biodiversity refers to the variety of living species (plants, animalsand microorganisms) in their natural environments and the aggregate of therelated ecological processes. It is measured on three levels: genes, speciesand ecosystems. Biodiversity is the basis for human survival and developmentand has a direct bearing on our wellbeing. Humans must respect nature andfollow its ways. We must conserve biodiversity to protect nature and live inharmony with it.

1972年，联合国召开人类环境会议，与会各国共同签署了《人类环境宣言》，生物资源保护被列入二十六项原则之中。1993年，《生物多样性公约》正式生效，公约确立了保护生物多样性、可持续利用其组成部分以及公平合理分享由利用遗传资源而产生的惠益三大目标，全球生物多样性保护开启了新纪元。

In 1972, at the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, theattending nations signed the Declaration of the United Nations Conference on theHuman Environment,which included the conservation of bio-resources in its 26 principles. In 1993,the Conventionon Biological Diversity came into effect, which set three objectives – the conservation ofbiological diversity, the sustainable use of its components, and the fair andequitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources,ushering in a new era for the protection of global biodiversity.

中国幅员辽阔，陆海兼备，地貌和气候复杂多样，孕育了丰富而又独特的生态系统、物种和遗传多样性，是世界上生物多样性最丰富的国家之一。中国的传统文化积淀了丰富的生物多样性智慧，“天人合一”“道法自然”“万物平等”等思想和理念体现了朴素的生物多样性保护意识。作为最早签署和批准《生物多样性公约》的缔约方之一，中国一贯高度重视生物多样性保护，不断推进生物多样性保护与时俱进、创新发展，取得显著成效，走出了一条中国特色生物多样性保护之路。

China’s land and sea territories are both vast; its complex terrain anddiverse climate gave birth to unique ecosystems, abundant species, and richgenetic variety. As one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, Chinahas a profound understanding of biodiversity, as manifest in traditionalChinese culture and these aphorisms: “Man is an integral part of nature”; “Daofollows the laws of nature”; and “All beings are equal”. China, as one of thefirst countries to sign and approve the Convention on Biological Diversity, has always attached greatimportance to biodiversity conservation and preserves biodiversity withcreative and up-to-date measures, achieving substantial progress on adistinctively Chinese path of conservation.

中共十八大以来，在习近平生态文明思想引领下，中国坚持生态优先、绿色发展，生态环境保护法律体系日臻完善、监管机制不断加强、基础能力大幅提升，生物多样性治理新格局基本形成，生物多样性保护进入新的历史时期。当前，全球物种灭绝速度不断加快，生物多样性丧失和生态系统退化对人类生存和发展构成重大风险。2020年9月30日，习近平主席在联合国生物多样性峰会上指出，要站在对人类文明负责的高度，探索人与自然和谐共生之路，凝聚全球治理合力，提升全球环境治理水平。中国将秉持人类命运共同体理念，继续为全球环境治理贡献力量。

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC)in 2012, China has been prioritizing eco-environmental progress and pursuinggreen development under the guidance of Xi Jinping thought on eco-civilization.A new pattern of biodiversity conservation has largely taken shape, withimprovements to the legal system, supervision mechanisms and governing capacityfor eco-conservation, marking the beginning of a new era for biodiversityconservation in China. Currently, as species worldwide are becoming extinct atan alarming rate, biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation pose a major riskto human survival and development. On September 30, 2020, at the United NationsSummit on Biodiversity, Chinese President Xi Jinping pointed out that the wholeof humanity needs to take on its pressing responsibilities, find a way forhuman and nature to coexist in harmony, and build synergy for and enhanceglobal governance on the environment. Guided by the vision of building a globalcommunity of shared future, China will continue to contribute its part toglobal environmental governance.

为介绍中国生物多样性保护理念和实践，增进国际社会对中国生物多样性保护的了解，特发布本白皮书。

The Chinese government is publishing this white paper to present China’sideas, plans and actions on biodiversity conservation, and share its progresswith the international community.

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