备考笔记|CATTI英语二口实务（7)
距离上半年CATTI口译考试还剩17天。
备考CATTI口译，实务真题当然是必不可少的学习材料。今天这篇推文是我们CATTI备考系列笔记的第七篇了。
2017年上半年二口实务真题
本篇备考笔记的材料节选自2017年CATTI二口实务英译汉的第一篇。
为了节省时间，提高效率，我们为大家节选了其中的重点段落，和大家一起学习。
01
听译
本文主要涉及的是难民问题。
准备好纸笔，点击音频，即可听译，记得拿手机录音哦！方便回听，纠错！
02
视译
听译完毕之后，可以边视译，边对照，看看自己刚才听译的效果如何。
重点段落1.
原文：
Seventeen years into the new century, we all eagerly look forward to a world with no war. Yet when we look back, We see a spreading global violence that has come to threaten the very foundation of our international system. More people fled their home countries last year than at any other time in our historical records. Around the world, almost 60 million have been displaced by conflicts and wars. Nearly 20 million of them are refugees, and more than half are children. Their numbers are growing and accelerating every single day, on every continent. As I speak to you more refugees from Syria are fleeing to Europe, and this has triggered a humanitarian crisis not seen since the end of World War II.
参考译文：
在新世纪第十七个年头到来之际，我们大家都殷切期盼着一个没有战争的世界。但是，回顾过去，我们看到却是暴力在全球扩散，威胁着国际体系赖以生存的基础。去年，逃离自己祖国的人数之多超过了历史记载的任何时期。在全世界，冲突和战争使近六千万人流离失所。有近两千万人成为难民，其中一多半是儿童。每一天，在每一个大陆，这些数字都在加速增长。此刻，就在我做演讲时，更多的叙利亚难民正在逃往欧洲，这引发了一场人道主义危机，这场危机是第二次世界大战结束以来前所未有的。
笔记
◾ trigger / ˈtrɪgə ; ˈtrɪgə /noun C
作名词用：be the trigger (point) (for sth) to be the thing that quickly causes a serious problem成为引发（某事）的因素:
•The hijacking became a trigger point for military action.这次劫持事件成了引发军事行动的导火线。
作动词用：
trigger off verb T
to make something happen very quickly, especially a series of events引发，激发〔尤指一系列事件〕:
•The assassination triggered off a wave of rioting.这次暗杀事件引发了一波骚乱。
•Certain forms of mental illness can be triggered by food allergies.某些精神疾病会因为食物过敏而被引发。
trigger a memory ( = make you suddenly remember something )使突然记起
•His action triggered a massive response from the government.他的行动激起了来自政府的极大反响。
译点拓展 ◾本段文字逻辑性强，信息密集，在口译听辨过程中，不少童靴会觉得笔记和记忆压力都很大。 但在实际口译当中，单纯靠口译笔记来帮助自己记忆讲者所说内容，是远远不够的。大脑记忆和口译笔记的精力分配，理想状态下应为：脑记60%，笔记40%的内容，或者脑记70%，笔记30%。 要想达到以上效果，离不开大量的记忆训练。 下面推荐三种提高短时记忆的训练方法： ①逻辑练习 推荐练习TED上的演讲，着重分析讲者的逻辑。 逻辑梳理清楚了，记忆压力就会相应减小，并且还能帮助自己进行预判。 ②复述练习 复述练习分为源语复述和目的语复述。前期可多进行源语复述，这在某种程度上，也是在进一步巩固你的逻辑梳理能力。复述同时可以提高演讲技能。目的语复述则能提高相应语言水平。CATTI真题材料，长短和难度都适中，可用来做复述练习。 ③影子跟读 影子跟读更多的是反应速度训练，让你的大脑反应速度越来越快，这样可以分配更多的精力到脑记和笔记上。同时对你输出译文的速度提升也有帮助。 |
重点段落2.
原文：
These refugees rely on us, members of the international community, for their survival and hope. They will not forget what we do. Yet even as this tragedy unfolds, some of the countries most able to help are shutting their gates to people seeking asylum. Borders are closing, refugees are being pushed back and hostility is rising. Many humanitarian organizations run on tight budgets, unable to meet the spiraling needs of such a huge number of victims. We have reached a moment of truth. This unprecedented humanitarian crisis could cause world stability to fall apart. Yet many countries have become either passive observers or distant players in the conflicts driving so many innocent civilians from their homes. As this humanitarian disaster unfolds, it is urgent for all the countries with leverage over the parties to these conflicts to put aside their differences and come together to create the conditions for ending the crisis.
参考译文 ：
这些难民把他们的生存和希望寄托在国际社会成员的身上。他们不会忘记我们做了什么。但当这一悲剧发生时，那些最能帮助他们的国家却对寻求避难的人们关上了大门。边界关闭，难民被驱回，敌对情绪上升。许多人道主义组织预算吃紧，无力满足如此之多受害者日益增加的需求。我们面临严峻的现实。当前这场史无前例的人道主义危机可能断送世界稳定，冲突迫使众多的无辜平民流离失所，对此，许多国家要么袖手旁观，要么避而远之。在人道主义灾难蔓延之际，所有对冲突各方产生影响的国家应当采取紧急行动，搁置分歧，共同努力，为结束危机创造条件。
笔记
◾ unfold
if a series of events unfold, they happen〔一系列的事件〕发生:
•He had watched the drama unfold from a nearby ship.他从附近的一艘船上目睹了这一事件的发生。
◾ fall apart
① if something falls apart, it breaks into different pieces破碎:
It just fell apart in my hands!
我拿在手上，它好端端地就碎了！
②if something is falling apart, it is in very bad condition破旧不堪:
•He drives around in an old car that's falling apart.他开一辆破旧的老爷车东奔西跑。
③if something falls apart, it fails completely破裂; 崩溃:
•He lost his job and his marriage fell apart.
他丢了工作，婚姻也破裂了。
•The country's economy is in danger of falling apart.
该国经济面临崩溃。
译点拓展 leverage作“充分发挥、利用”讲，在汉译英中，使用频率颇高： to spread or use RESOURCES (=money, skills, buildings etc that an organization has available), ideas etc again in several different ways or in different parts of a company, system etc充分利用〔资源、观点等〕: leverage sth across sth •Reusable software is leveraged across many applications.可重复使用的软件得到广泛应用。 在第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛开幕式上的主旨演讲中，有这么一句： 基础设施是互联互通的基石，也是许多国家发展面临的瓶颈。建设高质量、可持续、抗风险、价格合理、包容可及的基础设施，有利于各国充分发挥资源禀赋，更好融入全球供应链、产业链、价值链，实现联动发展。 Infrastructure is the bedrock of connectivity, while the lack of infrastructure has held up the development of many countries. High-quality, sustainable, resilient, affordable, inclusive and accessible infrastructure projects can help countries fully leverage their resource endowment, better integrate into the global supply, industrial and value chains, and realize inter-connected development. |
03
回译
回译，即将原文与译文调换，从译文往原文翻译，巩固提高双语能力。
重点段落1.
原文：
在新世纪第十七个年头到来之际，我们大家都殷切期盼着一个没有战争的世界。但是，回顾过去，我们看到却是暴力在全球扩散，威胁着国际体系赖以生存的基础。去年，逃离自己祖国的人数之多超过了历史记载的任何时期。在全世界，冲突和战争使近六千万人流离失所。有近两千万人成为难民，其中一多半是儿童。每一天，在每一个大陆，这些数字都在加速增长。此刻，就在我做演讲时，更多的叙利亚难民正在逃往欧洲，这引发了一场人道主义危机，这场危机是第二次世界大战结束以来前所未有的。
参考译文：
Seventeen years into the new century, we all eagerly look forward to a world with no war. Yet when we look back, We see a spreading global violence that has come to threaten the very foundation of our international system. More people fled their home countries last year than at any other time in our historical records. Around the world, almost 60 million have been displaced by conflicts and wars. Nearly 20 million of them are refugees, and more than half are children. Their numbers are growing and accelerating every single day, on every continent. As I speak to you more refugees from Syria are fleeing to Europe, and this has triggered a humanitarian crisis not seen since the end of World War II.
重点段落2.
原文：
这些难民把他们的生存和希望寄托在国际社会成员的身上。他们不会忘记我们做了什么。但当这一悲剧发生时，那些最能帮助他们的国家却对寻求避难的人们关上了大门。边界关闭，难民被驱回，敌对情绪上升。许多人道主义组织预算吃紧，无力满足如此之多受害者日益增加的需求。我们面临严峻的现实。当前这场史无前例的人道主义危机可能断送世界稳定，冲突迫使众多的无辜平民流离失所，对此，许多国家要么袖手旁观，要么避而远之。在人道主义灾难蔓延之际，所有对冲突各方产生影响的国家应当采取紧急行动，搁置分歧，共同努力，为结束危机创造条件。
参考译文 ：
These refugees rely on us, members of the international community, for their survival and hope. They will not forget what we do. Yet even as this tragedy unfolds, some of the countries most able to help are shutting their gates to people seeking asylum. Borders are closing, refugees are being pushed back and hostility is rising. Many humanitarian organizations run on tight budgets, unable to meet the spiraling needs of such a huge number of victims. We have reached a moment of truth. This unprecedented humanitarian crisis could cause world stability to fall apart. Yet many countries have become either passive observers or distant players in the conflicts driving so many innocent civilians from their homes. As this humanitarian disaster unfolds, it is urgent for all the countries with leverage over the parties to these conflicts to put aside their differences and come together to create the conditions for ending the crisis.
04
二次听译
经过上面的三遍训练之后，大家可以再返回上文，重新听译一遍，将材料练透。
在这遍中，要更加注意细节的处理，如单复数、句子的完整性、时态等问题。
我只是一条分割线
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