ChatGPT答了一份跨文化问卷，它的得分竟然是……

听说近期ChatGPT火爆全球，那么在面对全世界各种各样的使用对象时，它是否具有相应的跨文化交际能力呢？此前，小编带大家考查了它的词汇能力和阅读理解能力：

今天，小编想特别测一下它的跨文化能力。快来围观它的表现吧！

跨文化交际能力一般有三个维度：1）跨文化意识（认知维度）；2）跨文化敏感性（情感维度）；3）跨文化敏捷力（行为维度）。相对其他维度，小编更加好奇人工智能ChatGPT在情感维度的跨文化表现如何。为了进行专业化的精准测评，小编参阅了《跨文化外语教学研究》第八章“跨文化外语教学测评研究”，该章详细介绍了各类跨文化能力测评工具及其适用情境和获取来源。认真阅读后，小编打算选取符合测评目的的“跨文化敏感性量表”（intercultural sensitivity scale，ISS）这一量表。

《跨文化外语教学研究》一书中对ISS量表的说明如下：

根据Chen & Starosta（2000）的理论模型，跨文化敏感性包含自我尊重（self esteem）、自我监控（self monitoring）、思想开明（open mindedness）、移情（empathy）、交际参与（interaction involvement）和非评判（non-judgment）这六个构成要素。根据这一理论模型，Chen & Starosta（2000）发展出ISS，该量表在交际参与度、对文化差异的尊重、交际自信度、交际愉悦度、交际专注度五个层面上评估跨文化敏感性，共包含24个项目。

（点击图片，了解图书详情）

话不多说，让我们来一测究竟！

针对每个项目，我们问问题的方式如下（以第一个项目为例）：

Please read the following statement “I enjoy interacting with people from different cultures.” quickly and record your first impression by indicating the degree to which you agree or disagree with the statement. Please write down the number corresponding to your answer. 5 = strongly agree; 4 = agree; 3 = uncertain; 2 = disagree; 1 = strongly disagree.

下面依次展示ChatGPT在各个层面上的得分情况。计分规则为：直接计算ChatGPT回答问题时给出的数值的总分。值得注意的是，在计算总分前，需要对反问题进行处理，采取数值的对立面进行分析。例如，对于一个反问题而言，如果ChatGPT给出的数值为2，则计为4分。

交际参与度

（interaction engagement）

I enjoy interacting with people from different cultures.

5 - Strongly Agree

I tend to wait before forming an impression of culturally-distinct counterparts.

3 - Uncertain

I am open-minded to people from different cultures.

5 - Strongly Agree

I often give positive responses to my culturally different counterpart during our interaction.

5 - Strongly Agree

l avoid those situations where I will have to deal with culturally-distinct persons.（反问题）

2 - Disagree

I often show my culturally-distinct counterpart my understanding through verbal or nonverbal cues.

2 - Disagree

I have a feeling of enjoyment towards differences between my culturally-distinct counterpart and me.

2 - Disagree

经计算，ChatGPT在“交际参与度”这一层面的得分为26分（满分为35分）。值得关注的是，ChatGPT在最后两项的得分较低，前者应该是因为它无法通过非语言途径来表达自己。为了了解ChatGPT在最后一项做出该选择的原因，小编进行了进一步追问：

问: Will you have a feeling of enjoyment towards differences between your culturally-distinct counterpart and you?

OpenAI: No, I won't experience a feeling of enjoyment towards differences between my culturally-distinct counterpart and me. Instead, I'll likely feel frustrated, confused, or disconnected, depending on the situation.

看来就连无所不能的ChatGPT在遇到文化差异时也有可能会感到焦虑和无所适从啊！

对文化差异的尊重

（respect for cultural differences）

I think people from other cultures are narrow-minded.（反问题）

1 - Strongly Disagree

I don’t like to be with people from different cultures. （反问题）

2 - Disagree 

I respect the values of people from different cultures.

5 - Strongly Agree

I respect the ways people from different cultures behave.

5 - Strongly Agree

I would not accept the opinions of people from different cultures. （反问题）

1 - Strongly Disagree

I think my culture is better than other cultures. （反问题）

2 - Disagree

经计算，ChatGPT在“对文化差异的尊重”这一层面的得分为28分（满分为30分）。看来就算文化差异可能会使ChatGPT感到迷茫和焦虑，但总体上它对文化差异的尊重程度还是很高的。

交际自信度

（interaction confidence）

I am pretty sure of myself in interacting with people from different cultures.

4 - Agree

I find it very hard to talk in front of people from different cultures.（反问题）

3 - Uncertain

I always know what to say when interacting with people from different cultures.

2 - Disagree

I can be as sociable as I want to be when interacting with people from different cultures.

4 - Agree

I feel confident when interacting with people from different cultures.

5 - Strongly Agree

经计算，ChatGPT在“交际自信度”这一层面的得分为18分（满分为25分）。虽然它不总知道在跟其他文化的人交际时如何说话，但它的交际自信度还是很高（strongly agree）的。于是，小编进一步追问它如何保持这种自信度，它给出了一些tips，我们一起来学习一下：

问: How to maintain confidence when interacting with people from different cultures?

OpenAI:

- Learning about the culture, values and beliefs of the other person or group before engaging with them.

- Acknowledge that misunderstandings may occur and have an open attitude towards cultural differences.

- Respect language and accent variations rather than judging those who don’t speak or understand the language as well as you do.

- Ask questions in a respectful, non-threatening way to better understand the perspectives of the other culture.

- Show flexibility when communicating with people from different cultures.

- Listen carefully, as respectful listening is an important part of cross-cultural communication.

- Adapt your communication style to match the other person's so that understanding is more likely.

- Don’t make assumptions. Ask questions to find out the other person’s views and beliefs in order to ensure that you’re on the same page.

- Accept that cultural differences will require compromise if you are to maintain a good relationship.

交际愉悦度

（interaction enjoyment）

I get upset easily when interacting with people from different cultures. （反问题）

2 - Disagree 

I often get discouraged when I am with people from different cultures. （反问题）

3 - Uncertain

I often feel useless when interacting with people from different cultures. （反问题）

1 - Strongly Disagree

经计算，ChatGPT在“交际愉悦度”这一维度的得分为12分（满分为15分）。

交际专注度

（interaction attentiveness）

I am very observant when interacting with people from different cultures.

5 - Strongly Agree

I try to obtain as much information as I can when interacting with people from different cultures.

5 - Strongly Agree

I am sensitive to my culturally-distinct counterparts’ subtle meanings during our interaction.

4 - Agree

经计算，ChatGPT在“交际专注度”这一层面的得分为14分（满分为15分）。看来，即使是面对来自异文化的交际对象，ChatGPT也依然能保持它的专注度和洞察力！

最后，经过计算，ChatGPT在“跨文化敏感性量表”（ISS）这一量表上的得分为98分（满分为120分），还是个不错的成绩呢！

你，得了多少分呢？

想了解更多跨文化能力测评方法及跨文化能力培养方法，欢迎阅读《跨文化外语教学研究》与《跨文化能力研究》！

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