中英文字幕：拇趾僵硬（Hallux Rigidus (Stiff Big Toe)）

　　拇趾强直是拇趾基底部关节失调的表现，关节疼痛、僵硬，逐渐弯曲困难。“Hallux”指拇趾，“rigidus”指趾头僵硬，不能活动。拇趾强直实际上是退行性关节炎的一种形式。人走路、弯腰、爬行、甚至站立都需要拇趾，所以拇趾强直很麻烦。拇趾强直是一个渐进性过程，早期仅轻度受限，称为“hallux limitus”；随着疾病进展，拇趾活动范围逐渐变小，直到“僵硬强直”，又称“关节冻结”。

警告：请在有WIFI的场所观看视频，土豪请随意。

https://v.qq.com/txp/iframe/player.html?vid=v0559hxvr7o&width=500&height=375&auto=0

Hallux Rigidus (Stiff Big Toe)

拇趾强直（大脚趾僵硬）

Overview （概述）

This condition, also known as hallux limitus, is a form of degenerative arthritis that affects the joint at the base of the big toe. It causes pain and stiffness in the big toe, which increases over time as the toe becomes increasingly rigid and hard to bend.

　　拇趾强直（大脚趾僵硬），即拇趾外翻，是一种影响大脚趾根部关节的退变性关节病。它会引起大脚趾疼痛僵硬，病程越久，症状越重，变得更加僵硬和难以弯曲。

Causes（原因）

In many cases, the cause of hallux rigidus is not known. It is common in people who have defects of the foot such as fallen arches or pronation (a condition in which the foot rolls inward when walking). These defects, as well as strenuous activities, place stress on the big toe and can lead to osteoarthritis. Some people may also have a genetic predisposition for developing hallux rigidus.

　　许多病例，引起拇趾强直的原因还不清楚。本病在有足弓下陷、足内旋畸形（行走时足向内转的病症）等足部缺陷的人群常见。这些足部缺陷，与紧张的运动一样，对大脚趾造成压力，会导致骨关节炎。有些人可能存在发生拇趾强直的遗传上易感性。

Symptoms（症状）

Symptoms may include pain and stiffness in the big toe when the foot is in use or during cold weather, swelling, inflammation and redness around the joint, dull pain in the hip, knee or lower back, and limping.

　　本病的症状包括足用力或在天冷时出现大足趾的疼痛和僵硬，肿胀，关节周围的炎症红肿，还可出现髋关节、膝关节或腰部的钝性疼痛，以及跛行。

Treatment（治疗）

Treatment options include custom orthotic devices for the shoes, anti-inflammatory medications, corticosteroid injections, and physical therapy. Severe cases may require surgery. Surgery options can range from shaving bone spurs (osteophytes) that have formed on the joint, fusing the joint, or performing a joint replacement.

　　治疗措施包括：定制的矫形鞋，消炎止痛药，注射激素和物理治疗。严重病例可能需要手术治疗。手术方案有去除关节周围形成的骨赘（骨刺）、关节融合或关节置换。

（胡佰文    译）

相关阅读：

中英文字幕：距骨骨折（Fracture of the Talus）

中英文字幕：糖尿病足（Diabetic Foot）

精彩视频魅力无限，收藏转发一起分享

---