「Part 10」2019政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

本系列笔记由「才思汇·啃报告小分队」出品，特别感谢小伙伴@一只猹 和 @Lychee圆 的整理。

三、2019年政府工作任务

III. Tasks for 2019 

今年经济社会发展任务重、挑战多、要求高。

This year, in pursuing economic and social development, we will face weighty tasks, many challenges, and high demands. 

注：

任务重

weighty tasks

我们要突出重点、把握关键，扎实做好各项工作。

We must have clear priorities and address crucial issues to deliver a solid performance across the board. 

注：

突出重点

have clear priorities

把握关键

address crucial issues

（一）继续创新和完善宏观调控，确保经济运行在合理区间。

1. We will continue to develop new and improved approaches to macro regulation and keep the main economic indicators within an appropriate range. 

注：

宏观调控

macro regulation

在合理区间

within an appropriate range

坚持以市场化改革的思路和办法破解发展难题，

We will keep using market-oriented reform thinking and approaches to resolve problems in development; 

注：

市场化改革

market-oriented reform

破解发展难题

resolve problems in development

发挥好宏观政策逆周期调节作用，

make good use of countercyclical macro policy regulation; 

注：

发挥好-->充分利用

make good use of

· countercyclical表示“反经济循环周期的”（designed to compensate for the undesirable effects of business cycles）

丰富和灵活运用财政、货币、就业政策工具，

add to and use flexibly financial, monetary, and employment policy instruments; 

注：

丰富和灵活运用

add to and use flexibly

增强调控前瞻性、针对性和有效性，为经济平稳运行创造条件。

make regulation more forward-looking, targeted, and effective; and create the conditions for ensuring a stable economic performance. 

注：

前瞻性、针对性和有效性

forward-looking, targeted, and effective

· forward-looking表示“前瞻性”（planning for or looking ahead to the future）

实施更大规模的减税。

We will implement larger-scale tax cuts.

注：

减税

tax cuts

普惠性减税与结构性减税并举，

We will introduce both general-benefit and structural tax cuts,

注：

减普惠性减税

general-benefit tax cuts

结构性减税

structural tax cuts

重点降低制造业和小微企业税收负担。

focusing primarily on reducing tax burdens in manufacturing and on small and micro businesses.

注：

制造业

manufacturing

小微企业

small and micro businesses

深化增值税改革，

VAT reform will be deepened:

注：

增值税

VAT（Value Added Tax）

将交通运输业、建筑业等行业现行10%的税率降至9%，

and lower the rate in the transportation, construction, and other industries from 10 to 9 percent,

确保主要行业税负明显降低；

thus ensuring that tax burdens in our main industries are meaningfully reduced; 

注：

税收负担

tax burdens

保持6%一档的税率不变，

keep the lowest bracket rate unchanged at 6 percent, 

注：

bracket表示“等级”（within a particular range）

补充：

收入等级/税级/年龄组别

income/tax/age bracket

最高税级

the highest tax bracket

但通过采取对生产、生活性服务业增加税收抵扣等配套措施，

while adopting supporting measures, like increased tax deductions for producer and consumer services,

注：

配套措施/保障措施

supporting measures

税收抵扣/减免税款

tax deductions

确保所有行业税负只减不增，

to see that in all industries tax burdens only go down, not up; 

继续向推进税率三档并两档、税制简化方向迈进。

and continue making progress toward cutting the number of VAT brackets from three to two and simplifying the VAT system. 

注：

推进

make progress toward

税率三档并两档

cutting the number of VAT brackets from three to two

抓好年初出台的小微企业普惠性减税政策落实。

We will ensure that the general-benefit tax cut policies issued at the start of the year for small and micro businesses are put into effect.

注：

普惠性减税政策

the general-benefit tax cut policies

落实/实行/实施

put into effect

这次减税，着眼“放水养鱼”、增强发展后劲并考虑财政可持续，

Our moves to cut tax on this occasion aim at an accommodative effect to strengthen the basis for sustained growth while also considering the need to ensure fiscal sustainability; 

注：

着眼“放水养鱼”、增强发展后劲

aim at an accommodative effect to strengthen the basis for sustained growth

「类似表述对比」

2018年报告：着眼“放水养鱼”、增强后劲，我国率先大幅减税降费。China has led the way in slashing taxes and fees with the aim of using accommodative measures to strengthen the basis for sustained growth.

“放水养鱼”意即要发展某项事业，就得有投入，给其创造发展的有利环境（百度知道）

· accommodative表示“宽松的、调节性的、适应的”（helpful in bringing about a harmonious adaptation）

宽松的财政政策

an accommodative fiscal policy

是减轻企业负担、激发市场活力的重大举措，

are a major measure to lighten the burden on businesses and boost market dynamism; 

注：

减轻企业负担

lighten the burden on businesses

激发市场活力

boost market dynamism

是完善税制、优化收入分配格局的重要改革，

are an important reform to improve the tax system and achieve better income distribution; 

注：

完善税制

‍improve the tax system

收入分配

income distribution

优化收入分配格局

achieve better income distribution

是宏观政策支持稳增长、保就业、调结构的重大抉择。

and are the result of a major decision taken at the macro policy level in support of the efforts to ensure stable economic growth, employment, and structural adjustments.  

注：

重大抉择

a major decision

支持/支援/拥护

in support of

稳增长、保就业、调结构

ensure stable economic growth, employment, and structural adjustments

明显降低企业社保缴费负担。

We will significantly reduce enterprise contributions to social insurance schemes.

注：

降低企业社保缴费负担

reduce enterprise contributions to social insurance schemes

· contribution表示“（医疗金、养老金等的）定期缴款”（a regular payment that you make to your employer or to the government to pay for things that you will receive when you are no longer working, for example health care, a pension etc）

下调城镇职工基本养老保险单位缴费比例，各地可降至16%。

We will lower the share borne by employers for urban workers' basic aged-care insurance, and localities may cut contributions down to 16 percent. 

注：

城镇职工基本养老保险

urban workers' basic aged-care insurance

养老保险

aged-care insurance

· borne：bear的过去分词，表示“承担，负担”（If someone bears the cost of something, they pay for it）

稳定现行征缴方式，

The social insurance premium collection methods currently in operation will be kept unchanged. 

注：

现行

currently in operation

稳定-->保持不变

be kept unchanged

各地在征收体制改革过程中不得采取增加小微企业实际缴费负担的做法，不得自行对历史欠费进行集中清缴。

No locality should take any measure that increases the burden on small and micro enterprises when reforming their collection systems, or require, on their own, that long standing arrears be paid off in a lump sum.

注：

历史欠费

long standing arrears

集中清缴

be paid off in a lump sum

继续执行阶段性降低失业和工伤保险费率政策。

The current policy of reducing premiums for unemployment insurance and work injury compensation insurance will continue. 

注：

premium表示“保险费；额外费用；津贴”（the cost of insurance, especially the amount that you pay each year）

工伤

work injury

今年务必使企业特别是小微企业社保缴费负担有实质性下降。

This year, premium payments, particularly for small and micro businesses, must be substantively reduced. 

注：

小微企业

small and micro businesses

实质性下降

be substantively reduced

加快推进养老保险省级统筹改革，

We will speed up reforms in the provincial-level management of aged-care insurance funds,

注：

养老保险

aged-care insurance funds

· provincial表示“省份的”（only before noun connected with one of the large areas that some countries are divided into, with its own local government）

继续提高企业职工基本养老保险基金中央调剂比例、

continue to increase the proportion of enterprise workers' basic pension funds under central government allocation,

注：

基本养老保险基金

basic pension funds

中央调剂

central government allocation

划转部分国有资本充实社保基金。

and replenish social security funds through the injection of state capital. 

注：

社保基金

social security funds

国有资本

state capital

· replenish表示“使（重新）充满”（to make sth full again by replacing what has been used）

我们既要减轻企业缴费负担，

We must reduce burdens on enterprises,

又要保障职工社保待遇不变、

but also ensure that employees' social security benefits remain unchanged

注：

社保待遇

social security benefits

养老金合理增长并按时足额发放，

and aged-care pensions increase as appropriate and are paid on time and in full,

注：

合理增长

increase as appropriate

按时足额发放

be paid on time and in full

使社保基金可持续、企业与职工同受益。

so that social security funds are sustainable and both enterprises and employees benefit. 

注：

企业与职工同受益

both enterprises and employees benefit.（这里benefit作动词）

确保减税降费落实到位。

We will ensure tax and fee cuts are fully implemented. 

注：

减税降费

tax and fee cuts/ tax cuts and fee reductions

落实到位

be fully implemented

减税降费直击当前市场主体的痛点和难点，

Tax cuts and fee reductions get right to the spot in tackling the pains and difficulties currently troubling market entities;

注：

直击（关键点）

get right to the spot in

当前市场主体的痛点和难点

pains and difficulties currently troubling market entities

是既公平又有效率的政策。

as a policy option, they are both fair and efficient.

全年减轻企业税收和社保缴费负担近2万亿元。

This year, we will reduce the tax burdens on and social insurance contributions of enterprises by nearly 2 trillion yuan. 

这会给各级财政带来很大压力。

This will create big pressure on government budgets at all levels.

注：

各级财政

government budgets at all levels

为支持企业减负，

To support this lightening of the burden on enterprises, 

注：

企业减负

the lightening of the burden on enterprises

各级政府要过紧日子，想方设法筹集资金。

governments at all levels must tighten their belts and find workable means of raising funds. 

注：

过紧日子-->节省开支

tighten one's belts

想法设法，找到可行的方法（做某事）

find workable means of doing sth

中央财政要开源节流，

The central government needs to increase revenue and reduce expenditures. 

注：

开源节流

increase revenue and reduce expenditures

· expenditure /ɪk'spendɪtʃə/ 表示“花费，开销”（the act of spending or using money; an amount of money spent）

增加特定国有金融机构和央企上缴利润，

Profits turned in by designated state-owned financial institutions and enterprises directly under the central government should be increased;

注：

国有金融机构

state-owned financial institutions

央企

enterprises directly under the central government

上缴/上交

turn in

· designate表示“指定”（If something is designated for a particular purpose, it is set aside for that purpose.）

一般性支出压减5%以上、

general expenditures should be cut by over 5 percent,

注：

一般性支出

general expenditures

“三公”经费再压减3%左右，

spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality should be cut by another 3 percent,

注：

“三公”经费一般指三公消费：政府部门人员因公出国（境）经费（official overseas visits）、公务车购置及运行费（official vehicles）、公务招待费（official hospitality）产生的消费。

长期沉淀资金一律收回。

and all funds that have long stayed unused will be taken back. 

注：

被收回

be taken back

长期沉淀资金

funds that have long stayed unused

沉淀资金：指闲散放置在社会上，未被聚积起来加以利用的资金。

地方政府也要主动挖潜，大力优化支出结构，

Local governments also need to dig deep, take big steps to improve the mix of spending, 

注：

地方政府

local governments

支出结构

the mix of spending

多渠道盘活各类资金和资产。

and put various funds and assets to good use through multiple avenues. 

注：

资金和资产

funds and assets

多渠道

multiple avenues

盘活-->充分利用

put sth to good use

· avenue表示“方法，途径”（An avenue is a way of getting something done）

我们要切实让市场主体特别是小微企业有明显减税降费感受，

We will let market entities, especially small and micro businesses, feel the weight of their burden being meaningfully lightened,

注：

市场主体

market entity

小微企业

small and micro businesses

小微企业：是小型企业、微型企业、家庭作坊式企业、个体工商户的统称。

有明显减税降费感受

feel the weight of their burden being meaningfully lightened

坚决兑现对企业和社会的承诺，

honoring our promise to enterprises and society,

注：

兑现承诺

honor one's promise

困难再多也一定要把这件大事办成办好。

and seeing that no matter the number of difficulties, this important job gets done and gets done well. 

注：

Seeing that表示“因为，由于，鉴于”（表示原因，引导原因状语从句，其中的that有时也可以省略）

困难再多

no matter the number of difficulties

「未完待续」

「持续更新中」

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