「Part 9」2022政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

LearnAndRecord 2022-07-26

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#政府工作报告笔记 53 个

#政府工作报告 21 个

（二）着力稳市场主体保就业，加大宏观政策实施力度。

2. Keeping the operations of market entities stable and maintaining job security by strengthening macro policies;

注：

稳市场主体-->保持市场主体[运行]的稳定

Keeping the operations of market entities stable

完善减负纾困等政策，夯实经济稳定运行、质量提升的基础。

We will improve policies for easing the burdens and difficulties of market entities and create a stronger foundation for achieving a stable and sounder economic performance.

注：

减负纾困

easing the burdens and difficulties

夯实...基础

create a stronger foundation

实施新的组合式税费支持政策。

We will implement a new package of tax-and-fee policies to support enterprises.

注：

新的组合式税费支持政策

a new package of tax-and-fee policies to support enterprises

坚持阶段性措施和制度性安排相结合，减税与退税并举。

We will continue to take temporary steps and institutional measures and apply policies for both tax reductions and refunds.

注：

阶段性措施和制度性安排（结合）

take temporary steps and institutional measures

减税与退税

tax reductions and refunds

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告Part 1：实施阶段性大规模减税降费，与制度性安排相结合，By making both time-limited large-scale tax and fee cuts and institutional arrangements,

2021年报告Part 9：继续执行制度性减税政策，延长小规模纳税人增值税优惠等部分阶段性政策执行期限， We will continue to implement systematic tax cut policies, extend the duration of several temporary policies such as VAT relief for small-scale taxpayers,

2021年报告Part 10：扩大失业保险返还等阶段性稳岗政策惠及范围, and expand the scope of time-limited policies aimed at helping businesses maintain payrolls, such as the refunding of unemployment insurance premiums.

一方面，延续实施扶持制造业、小微企业和个体工商户的减税降费政策，并提高减免幅度、扩大适用范围。

First, we will extend tax and fee reduction policies that support manufacturing, micro and small enterprises and self-employed individuals, and expand the scale and scope of these policies.

注：

减税降费政策

tax and fee reduction policies

小微企业

micro and small enterprises

个体工商户

self-employed individuals

幅度和适用范围

the scale and scope of

对小规模纳税人阶段性免征增值税。

A temporary exemption on VAT payments will be granted to small taxpayers.

注：

小规模纳税人

small taxpayers

阶段性免征增值税

a temporary exemption on VAT payments

对小微企业年应纳税所得额100万元至300万元部分，再减半征收企业所得税。

Corporate income tax on annual taxable income of between one million and three million yuan will be halved once again for micro and small enterprises.

注：

企业所得税的年应纳税所得额

corporate income tax on annual taxable income

企业所得税

corporate income tax

小微企业

micro and small enterprises

📍halve作动词，表示“（使）减半”（to reduce by a half; to make sth reduce by a half），举个🌰：

The company is halving its prices.

该公司正将产品半价出售。

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告Part 9：对小微企业和个体工商户年应纳税所得额不到100万元的部分，在现行优惠政策基础上，再减半征收所得税。 On the basis of preferential policies already in force, we will halve the income tax of micro and small enterprises and self-employed individuals on annual taxable income below one million yuan.

各地也要结合实际，依法出台税费减免等有力措施，使减税降费力度只增不减，以稳定市场预期。

Local governments should also adopt effective tax-and-fee reduction steps based on local conditions and in accordance with the law to maintain the scale of tax-and-fee reductions and keep market expectations stable.

注：

结合实际-->基于当地情况

based on local conditions

税费减免

tax-and-fee reductions

依法

in accordance with the law

使...力度只增不减-->维持...幅度/规模

maintain the scale of ...

稳定市场预期

keep market expectations stable

另一方面，综合考虑为企业提供现金流支持、促进消费投资、大力改进增值税留抵退税制度，今年对留抵税额实行大规模退税。

Second, to improve the cash flow of enterprises, promote consumption-driven investment, and further improve the system for refunding VAT credits, we will issue VAT credit refunds on a big scale this year.

注：

现金流

the cash flow

促进消费投资

promote consumption-driven investment

增值税留抵退税制度

the system for refunding VAT credits

增值税

VAT, value-added tax

大规模

on a big scale

增值税留抵税额

VAT credits

增值税留抵退税

VAT credit refunds

📍留抵退税就是把增值税期末未抵扣完的税额退还给纳税人。

📍增值税留抵税额，是纳税人在日常生产经营过程中，因当期进项税额大于销项税额而产生的待抵扣进项税额，在下期可继续抵扣。留抵税额并不是应纳税额的概念，而是纳税人向税务机关预付的税款，属于国家对纳税人资金的短期占用。因此，增值税留抵退税并不是减税政策，而是将纳税人提前垫付的税款退还，但其对企业的实际减负效果却趋同于减税。

优先安排小微企业，对小微企业的存量留抵税额于6月底前一次性全部退还，增量留抵税额足额退还。

We will give priority to micro and small enterprises, refunding outstanding VAT credits to them in one lump sum by the end of June, while also fully refunding newly added credits.

注：

优先安排

give priority to

存量留抵税额

outstanding (VAT) credits

增量留抵税额

newly added credits

一次性（退还款项）

in one lump sum

📍outstanding 熟词僻义，表示“未支付的；未解决的；未完成的”，英文解释为“not yet paid, solved, or done”如：$1 million in outstanding debts 一百万美元的拖欠债款。

📍lump sum表示“一次性支付的金额，一整笔款项”，英文解释为“an amount of money that is paid in one large amount on one occasion”举个🌰：

Her divorce settlement included a lump sum of $1 million.

她的离婚协议包括一次性补偿一百万美元。

「类似表述对比」

2016年报告：发行地方政府债券置换存量债务3.2万亿元，Local government bonds issued to replace outstanding debt reached 3.2 trillion yuan,

重点支持制造业，全面解决制造业、科研和技术服务、生态环保、电力燃气、交通运输等行业留抵退税问题。

With a focus on supporting manufacturing, we will work to fully resolve problems in refunding VAT credits in manufacturing, research and technical services, environmental protection, electricity and gas, and transportation industries.

注：

全面解决问题

fully resolve problems

留抵退税问题

problems in refunding VAT credits

科研和技术服务

research and technical services

生态环保

environmental protection

电力燃气

electricity and gas

交通运输

transportation

增值税留抵退税力度显著加大，以有力提振市场信心。

Such a substantial increase in VAT credit refunds will help strongly boost market confidence.

注：

增值税留抵退税

VAT credit refunds

（力度）显著加大

a substantial increase

提振市场信心

boost market confidence

预计全年退税减税约2.5万亿元，其中留抵退税约1.5万亿元，退税资金全部直达企业。

Tax refunds and cuts are expected to total 2.5 trillion yuan this year. VAT credit refunds will account for 1.5 trillion yuan of this sum and all go straight to enterprises.

注：

退税减税

tax refunds and cuts

直达企业

go straight to enterprises

中央财政将加大对地方财力支持，补助资金直达市县，

The central government will provide greater fiscal support for local governments and allocate fiscal subsidies directly to the prefecture and county levels.

注：

加大财力支持

provide greater fiscal support

（财政）补助资金

fiscal subsidies

市县（级）

the prefecture and county levels

地方政府及有关部门要建立健全工作机制，加强资金调度，

Local governments and relevant departments should develop sound systems to allocate funds more effectively.

注：

建立健全（工作）机制

develop sound systems

加强资金调度-->资金调度更有效

allocate funds more effectively

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告Part 17：建立健全门诊共济保障机制， We will also develop a general support mechanism for covering outpatient medical bills,

确保退税减税这项关键性举措落实到位，为企业雪中送炭，助企业焕发生机。

We must ensure that the critically important policy of tax refunds and cuts takes full effect, in order to provide enterprises with timely assistance and help them generate fresh vitality.

注：

关键性举措

the critically important policy

退税减税

tax refunds and cuts

落实到位-->全面生效/起作用

take full effect

为...雪中送炭

provide ... with timely assistance

助...焕发生机

help ... generate fresh vitality

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告：我们要尽力为群众救急解困、雪中送炭，基本民生的底线要坚决兜牢。 We must do our best to address urgent needs of people in difficulty, provide help when they need it most and ensure that the basic living needs of the people are met.

加强金融对实体经济的有效支持。

We will encourage the financial sector to provide more effective support to the real economy.

注：

金融（业）

the financial sector

实体经济

the real economy

用好普惠小微贷款支持工具，增加支农支小再贷款，

We will make good use of instruments to support inclusive loans to micro and small businesses, and increase re-lending for agricultural and small enterprises.

注：

普惠小微贷款支持工具

instruments to support inclusive loans to micro and small businesses

小微企业

micro and small businesses

支农支小再贷款

re-lending for agricultural and small enterprises

📍再贷款：是指中国特有的一种货币政策工具，由于它是中央银行贷款给商业银行，再由商业银行贷给普通客户的资金，所以称为“再贷款”。

📍支农再贷款：是指中国人民银行对各类农村金融机构发放的贷款。人民银行从1999年开始发放支农再贷款，原来仅是作为一个货币政策操作工具，旨在支持农村信用社改进支农信贷服务，壮大支农资金实力，促进“三农”经济持续快速发展。

📍支小再贷款：发放对象是小型城市商业银行、农村商业银行、农村合作银行和村镇银行等四类地方性法人金融机构。支小再贷款条件设定为金融机构须实现小微企业贷款“三个不低于”，即小微企业贷款增速不低于各项贷款平均增速，小微企业贷款户数不低于上年同期户数，小微企业申贷获得率不低于上年同期水平。

优化监管考核，推动普惠小微贷款明显增长、信用贷款和首贷户比重继续提升。

We will strengthen supervision and assessment to promote a marked increase in inclusive loans to micro and small businesses and a further rise in the proportion of collateral-free loans and first-time loans.

注：

监管考核

supervision and assessment

普惠小微贷款

inclusive loans to micro and small businesses

明显增长

a marked increase

信用贷款

collateral-free loans

首贷

first-time loans

📍信用贷款是指以借款人的信誉发放的贷款，借款人不需要提供担保。

引导金融机构准确把握信贷政策，

We will see that financial institutions have a good understanding of credit policies,

注：

金融机构

financial institutions

准确把握

have a good understanding of ...

信贷政策

credit policies

继续对受疫情影响严重的行业企业给予融资支持，

ensure continued financing support for industries and enterprises hit hard by Covid-19,

注：

受疫情影响严重的行业企业

industries and enterprises [hit hard by Covid-19]

避免出现行业性限贷、抽贷、断贷。

and prevent industry-wide lending restrictions, forced early repayment of loans, and arbitrary termination of loan agreements.

注：

行业性限贷

industry-wide lending restrictions

抽贷（强制提前收回贷款）

forced early repayment of loans

断贷（随意终止贷款协议）

arbitrary termination of loan agreements

📍抽贷：银行贷款给企业，在还未到协议规定的还款期限期间，银行认为企业经营出现问题了，要提前收回贷款的行为叫“抽贷”或“银行抽贷”。

发挥好政策性、开发性金融作用。

We will make good use of policy-backed and development finance.

推进涉企信用信息共享，加快税务、海关、电力等单位与金融机构信息联通，

We will promote the sharing of enterprise credit information and move faster to achieve information sharing between financial institutions and tax offices, customs, electric utilities and other agencies.

注：

涉企信用信息

enterprise credit information

信息联通（共享）

information sharing

电力（单位）

electric utilities

扩大政府性融资担保对小微企业的覆盖面，

The government financing guaranty will be expanded to cover more micro and small businesses.

注：

政府性融资担保

the government financing guaranty

努力营造良好融资生态，进一步推动解决实体经济特别是中小微企业融资难题。

We will strive to create a favorable financing environment and help resolve the financing difficulties of enterprises in the real economy, especially MSMEs.

注：

良好融资生态

a favorable financing environment

解决融资难题

resolve the financing difficulties

实体经济

the real economy

中小微企业

micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs)

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