「Part 7」2022政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

LearnAndRecord 2022-07-26

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今年工作要坚持稳字当头、稳中求进。

In our work this year, we must make economic stability our top priority and pursue progress while ensuring stability.

注：

稳字当头-->将经济稳定作为首要任务

make economic stability our top priority

稳中求进

pursue progress while ensuring stability

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告：以保促稳、稳中求进。By maintaining security, we were able to deliver stability while also pursuing progress.

2020年报告Part 2：坚持稳中求进工作总基调，We followed the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability

2018年报告：（一）坚持稳中求进工作总基调，First, with a commitment to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability,

面对新的下行压力，要把稳增长放在更加突出的位置。

In the face of new downward pressure, the task of ensuring stable growth needs to occupy an even more prominent position.

注：

的下行压力

new downward pressure

更加突出的位置

an even more prominent position

稳增长

ensuring stable growth

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告：把服务实体经济放到更加突出的位置，处理好恢复经济与防范风险的关系。We will give even greater priority to serving the real economy, and balance the needs of promoting economic recovery and preventing risks.

各地区各部门要切实担负起稳定经济的责任，积极推出有利于经济稳定的政策。

All localities and government departments should fulfill their responsibilities for maintaining stable macroeconomic performance by proactively introducing pro-stability policies.

注：

各地区各部门

All localities and government departments

稳定经济-->保持宏观经济运行稳定

maintaining stable macroeconomic performance

负起责任

fulfill (their) responsibilities

有利于（经济）稳定的政策

pro-stability policies

要统筹稳增长、调结构、推改革，

We should take coordinated moves to keep growth stable, promote structural adjustment, and carry out reform.

注：

统筹...

take coordinated moves to

稳增长

keep growth stable

调结构

promote structural adjustment

推改革

carry out reform

「类似表述对比」

2018年报告：明确强调只要经济运行在合理区间，就业增加、收入增长、环境改善，就集中精力促改革、调结构、添动力。We have been clear that as long as the major economic indicators are within an acceptable range, with employment growing, incomes increasing, and the environment improving, then our energies should be focused on advancing reform, making structural adjustments, and adding growth drivers.

加快转变发展方式，不搞粗放型发展。

We should work faster to transform the growth model, and say no to an extensive development model.

注：

转变发展方式

transform the growth model

粗放型发展（方式）

the extensive development model

「类似表述对比」

总理在第71届联合国大会一般性辩论时的讲话：如果发展方式粗放，高消耗、高污染、高排放，超过资源环境承受能力，也不可持续。Development won't be sustainable if it is achieved in an extensive manner, driven by high consumption, high pollution and high emissions and depletes resources and strains the environment.

坚持实事求是，

We should follow a fact-based approach,

注：

坚持实事求是

follow a fact-based approach

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告：坚持实事求是，求真务实谋发展、惠民生。We must take a fact-based approach, and pursue development and improve people's lives in a realistic and pragmatic way.

2020年报告：各级政府要始终坚持实事求是，牢牢把握社会主义初级阶段这个基本国情， Government at all levels must take a fact-based approach to work, and keep firmly in mind that we remain in the primary stage of socialism, which is the basic dimension of China's national context.

立足社会主义初级阶段基本国情，

and bear in mind the fundamental dimension of China’s national context, that is, it is still in the primary stage of socialism.

注：

立足...

bear in mind ...

社会主义初级阶段

(in) the primary stage of socialism

（中国）基本国情

the fundamental dimension of China’s national context

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告：必须立足社会主义初级阶段基本国情，着力办好自己的事。We must bear in mind the reality that China is still in the primary stage of socialism and run our affairs well.

十九大报告：1）我国仍处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段的基本国情没有变，The basic dimension of the Chinese context—that our country is still and will long remain in the primary stage of socialism—has not changed.

十九大报告：2）全党要牢牢把握社会主义初级阶段这个基本国情，牢牢立足社会主义初级阶段这个最大时机， The whole Party must be completely clear about this fundamental dimension of our national context, and must base our work on this most important reality —the primary stage of socialism.

着力办好自己的事，

We should manage our own affairs well,

注：

办好自己的事

manage (our) own affairs well

「类似表述对比」

尊重发展规律、客观实际和群众需求，

and respect the laws of development, the reality on the ground, and the needs of the people.

注：

尊重发展规律

respect the laws of development

客观实际

the reality on the ground

群众需求

the needs of the people

因地制宜创造性开展工作，把各方面干事创业积极性充分调动起来。

We should work in creative ways in light of actual conditions and motivate all stakeholders to pursue development endeavors.

注：

因地制宜

in light of actual conditions

创造性开展工作

work in creative ways

把...（充分）调动起来（激发...的积极性）

motivate ...

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告：因地制宜开展农村人居环境整治，We will work to improve rural living environments in light of local conditions,

2017年报告：鼓励地方因地制宜、大胆探索，and encourage local governments to work according to local circumstances and be adventurous in their explorations,

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告：要调动一切可以调动的积极因素，推进改革开放，We should keep everyone motivated in advancing reform and opening up,

十九报告Part 23：以调动全党积极性、主动性、创造性为着力点，and take harnessing the whole Party's enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity as the focus of efforts;

📍stakeholder表示“（组织、社团等的）利害关系人，有权益关系者”，英文解释为“a person such as an employee, customer, or citizen who is involved with an organization, society, etc. and therefore has responsibilities towards it and an interest in its success”如：a stakeholder economy 人人参与的经济模式。

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告：完善金融风险处置工作机制，压实各方责任，We will improve the mechanism for managing financial risks, see responsibilities are fulfilled by all the stakeholders,

推动有效市场和有为政府更好结合，

We should promote both an efficient market and a well-functioning government,

注：

有效市场

an efficient market

有为政府

a well-functioning government

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告：推动有效市场和有为政府更好结合。to ensure better alignment between an efficient market and a well-functioning government.

善于运用改革创新办法，激发市场活力和社会创造力。

and we should be adept at using reform and innovation to boost market dynamism and social creativity.

注：

善于

be adept at

激发市场活力

boost market dynamism

激发社会创造力

boost social creativity

📍adept /əˈdɛpt/ 表示“娴熟的”，英文解释为“Someone who is adept at something can do it skilfully.”举个🌰：

He's usually very adept at keeping his private life out of the media.

他通常十分擅长于使他的私生活远离媒体。

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告Part 6：完成今年发展目标任务，宏观政策要稳健有效，微观政策要持续激发市场主体活力，结构政策要着力畅通国民经济循环，To fulfill the development goals and tasks for the year, we should pursue prudent and effective macro policies, micro policies that can continuously energize market entities, and structural policies that facilitate smooth flows in the economy.

2021年报告Part 19：更大激发市场主体活力和社会创造力， and further energize market entities and unlock social creativity.

2021年报告Part 5：激发人才创新活力，unlock the creativity of talent,

📍boost表示“使增长；使兴旺”（to make sth increase, or become better or more successful）

📍energize表示“给...增添能量（或精力、活力、干劲）”（to give sb more energy, strength, etc.）

要坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，依靠共同奋斗，扎实推进共同富裕，不断实现人民对美好生活的向往。

We must act on the people-centered development philosophy and rely on the efforts of everyone to promote prosperity for all, so as to keep realizing the people’s aspirations for a better life.

注：

以人民为中心的发展思想

the people-centered development philosophy

共同奋斗-->每个人的努力

the efforts of everyone

推进共同富裕

promote prosperity for all

人民对美好生活的向往

the people’s aspirations for a better life

三、2022年政府工作任务

III. Major Tasks for 2022

今年经济社会发展任务重、挑战多。

This year, we face heavy tasks and many challenges in economic and social development.

要按照以习近平同志为核心的党中央部署要求，

We should follow the decisions and requirements of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core,

注：

部署要求

decisions and requirements

党中央

the Party Central Committee

以...为核心

with ... at its core

xx同志

Comrade xx

完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念，

apply the new development philosophy in full, in the right way, and in all fields of endeavor,

注：

新发展理念

the new development philosophy

贯彻

apply / follow / implement

完整、准确、全面

in full, in the right way, and in all fields of endeavor

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告：把新发展理念完整、准确、全面贯穿发展全过程和各领域，and ensure it is applied in full, in both letter and spirit, in every stage and aspect of development.

加快构建新发展格局，推动高质量发展，扎实做好各项工作。

move faster to create a new pattern of development, and promote high-quality development, so as to deliver solid outcomes in all areas of our work.

注：

构建新发展格局

create a new pattern of development

高质量发展

high-quality development

扎实做好

deliver solid outcomes

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告Part 5：完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念，加快构建新发展格局，apply the new development philosophy in full, in the right way, and in all fields of endeavor and move faster to create a new pattern of development;

2021年报告：加快构建新发展格局，推动高质量发展，and accelerate our efforts to create a new development pattern to promote high-quality development.

（一）着力稳定宏观经济大盘，保持经济运行在合理区间。

1. Achieving stable macroeconomic performance and keeping major economic indicators within the appropriate range

注：

（着力）稳定宏观经济大盘

achieve stable macroeconomic performance

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告Part 5：着力稳定宏观经济大盘，strive to maintain stable macroeconomic performance

保持经济运行在合理区间

keep major economic indicators within an appropriate range

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告：We will keep major economic indicators within an appropriate range,

2019年报告：The main economic indicators were kept within an appropriate range.

2018年报告：kept major indicators within an appropriate range.

2017年报告：thus keeping the economy performing within an appropriate range.

2016年报告：The economy operated within an appropriate range.

2015年报告：“稳”的主要标志是，经济运行处于合理区间。The main indication of this stable performance is that the economy operated within an appropriate range.

继续做好“六稳”、“六保”工作。

We must continue to ensure stability on six fronts and maintain security in six areas.

注：

六稳

ensure stability on six key fronts

六保

maintain security in six key areas综

📍“六稳”分别是：稳就业、稳金融、稳外贸、稳外资、稳投资、稳预期 The six fronts refer to employment, the financial sector, foreign trade, foreign investment, domestic investment, and expectations.

📍“六保”分别是：保居民就业、保基本民生、保市场主体、保粮食能源安全、保产业链供应链稳定、保基层运转。The six areas refer to job security, basic living needs, operations of market entities, food and energy security, stable industrial and supply chains, and the normal functioning of primary-level governments.

宏观政策有空间有手段，要强化跨周期和逆周期调节，为经济平稳运行提供有力支撑。

We have both macro-policy tools and space available to us, and we should use them to intensify cross- and counter-cyclical adjustments and to provide strong support for a stable economic performance.

注：

跨周期和逆周期调节

cross- and counter-cyclical adjustments

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告Part 2：注重宏观政策跨周期和逆周期调节，and made cross- and counter-cyclical adjustments with macro policies.

📍2020年7月中央政治局会议第一次提出“完善宏观调控跨周期设计和调节”，2021年7月政治局会议又提出“要做好宏观政策跨周期调节”。2021年中央经济工作会议再次提出“跨周期和逆周期宏观调控政策要有机结合。”

📍逆周期调节着眼当下的经济周期，跨周期调节着眼中长期的经济运行。

提升积极的财政政策效能。

We will see that the proactive fiscal policy is more effective.

注：

积极的财政政策

the proactive fiscal policy

提升效能

be more effective

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告Part 6：积极的财政政策要提升效能，更加注重精准、可持续。 The proactive fiscal policy should be more effectual, more targeted, and more sustainable.

📍effectual /əˈfek.tʃu.əl/ 表示“卓有成效的，有效的；奏效的”，英文解释为“effective and successful”举个🌰：

They wish to promote a real and effectual understanding between the two countries.

他们希望真正有效地促进两国间的理解。

今年赤字率拟按2.8%左右安排、比去年有所下调，有利于增强财政可持续性。

We have set the deficit-to-GDP ratio for the year at around 2.8 percent, slightly lower than last year, and this will boost fiscal sustainability.

注：

（财政）赤字率

the deficit-to-GDP ratio

增强财政可持续性

boost fiscal sustainability

📍赤字率表示的是一定时期内财政赤字额与同期国民生产总值之间的比例关系。财政赤字是指财政支出超过财政收入的部分。赤字率=(政府开支-政府收入)/GDP×100%

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告：今年赤字率拟按3.2%左右安排、比去年有所下调， we have set the deficit-to-GDP ratio for the year at around 3.2 percent, slightly lower than that of last year.

2020年报告：今年赤字率拟按3.6%以上安排，财政赤字规模比去年增加1万亿元，The deficit-to-GDP ratio this year is projected at more than 3.6 percent, with a deficit increase of one trillion yuan over last year.

2019年报告：今年赤字率拟按2.8%安排，比去年预算高0.2个百分点；Deficit-to-GDP ratio this year is projected at 2.8 percent, a 0.2-percentage-point increase over that of last year.

2018年报告：今年赤字率拟按2.6%安排，比去年预算低0.4个百分点 This year's deficit as a percentage of GDP is projected to be 2.6 percent, 0.4 percentage point lower than last year.

预计今年财政收入继续增长，

It is projected that fiscal revenue will continue to grow in 2022.

注：

财政收入

fiscal revenue

预计...

It is projected that ...

📍project作名词，表示“项目；计划”，也可以作动词，表示“规划；投，抛，射；预测；预计；推想”。projected作形容词，表示“规划的，计划的，预期的”（If something is projected, it is planned or expected）。

加之特定国有金融机构和专营机构依法上缴近年结存的利润、调入预算稳定调节基金等，

In addition, we also have available to us the surplus profits of state-owned financial institutions and state monopoly business operations from recent years turned over in accordance with the law and funds transferred from the Central Budget Stabilization Fund.

注：

依法

in accordance with the law

国有金融机构

state-owned financial institutions

预算稳定调节基金

the Central Budget Stabilization Fund

📍预算稳定调节基金是指各级财政通过超收安排的具有储备性质的基金，用于弥补短收年份预算执行的收支缺口，以及视预算平衡情况。在安排年初预算时调入并安排使用，基金的安排使用接受同级人大及其常委会的监督。

📍这个句子怎么看呢？In addition, we also have available to us 【the surplus profits】 of state-owned financial institutions and state monopoly business operations from recent years (that were) turned over in accordance with the law and 【funds】(that were) transferred from the Central Budget Stabilization Fund. 我们有的东西是什么呢？【...的利润】和【...基金】。

支出规模比去年扩大2万亿元以上，可用财力明显增加。

This will make it possible for government to increase expenditures by more than two trillion yuan over last year, putting significantly greater fiscal resources at our disposal.

注：

扩大支出（规模）

increase expenditures

财力（财政资源）

fiscal resources

新增财力要下沉基层，主要用于落实助企纾困、稳就业保民生政策，促进消费、扩大需求。

New funds will be channeled to local levels of government and used mainly to ease the difficulties of enterprises, stabilize employment, meet living needs, and increase consumption and demand.

注：

下沉基层

be channeled to local levels of government

助企纾困

ease the difficulties of enterprises

纾困（缓解困难）

ease difficulties / ovecome difficulties / alleviate difficulties

稳就业

stabilize employment

保民生

meet living needs

促进消费、扩大需求

increase consumption and demand

📍channel作动词，可以表示“调拨（钱、资源）” （if you channel money or resources into something, you arrange for them to be used for that thing, rather than for a wider range of things.）也可以表示“为…引资；引导；贯注”（to direct money, feelings, ideas, etc. towards a particular thing or purpose），举个🌰：

A lot of money has been channelled into research in that particular field.

大笔经费投入到了那个领域的研究中。

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告Part 2：1）实践表明，减税降费是助企纾困直接有效的办法， Tax and fee reductions have proved a direct and effective way of helping enterprises ease their difficulties.

2）二是优化和落实助企纾困政策，巩固经济恢复基础。 2. We refined and implemented policies for easing the difficulties of businesses and consolidated the foundation of economic recovery.

2021年报告Part 1：助企纾困和激发活力并举， we eased the difficulties of our enterprises and energized them.

今年安排中央本级支出增长3.9%，其中中央部门支出继续负增长。

This year, central government expenditures will rise by 3.9 percent, but the budgetary spending of central government departments will continue to register negative growth.

注：

中央本级支出

central government expenditures

中央部门

central government departments

负增长

negative growth

📍register一词，我们常见的含义是「注册，登记」，此处有“显示；指示；表达”的含义（to record, show, or express something）举个🌰：

The counter registered a dangerous level of radioactivity.

计数器显示辐射强度达到了危险级别。

📍2020年报告中提到的：先进制造业、现代服务业较快增长。Advanced manufacturing and modern services registered rapid growth；2018年报告中提到的：国内生产总值从54万亿元增加到82.7万亿元，年均增长7.1%， China's gross domestic product (GDP) has risen from 54 trillion to 82.7 trillion yuan, registering average annual growth of 7.1 percent;

中央对地方转移支付增加约1.5万亿元、规模近9.8万亿元，增长18%、为多年来最大增幅。

Central government transfer payments to local governments will come to close to 9.8 trillion yuan. This figure represents a growth of 18 percent, or around 1.5 trillion yuan, and is the largest increase in recent years.

注：

中央对地方转移支付

central government transfer payments to local governments

中央财政将更多资金纳入直达范围，

The central government will place more budgetary funds under the mechanism for direct allocation to prefecture- and county-level governments,

注：

财政资金直达机制

a mechanism to directly allocate budgetary funds to prefecture- and county-level governments

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告Part 2：建立常态化财政资金直达机制，将2.8万亿元中央财政资金纳入直达范围。 We established a regular mechanism to directly allocate budgetary funds to prefecture- and county-level governments and placed 2.8 trillion yuan of central government funding under this mechanism.

📍资金直达机制指财政资金直达基层民生的特殊转移支付机制，是党中央、国务院为应对疫情影响作出的重大决策部署，是支持地方扎实做好“六稳”工作、落实“六保”任务的创新举措。

省级财政也要加大对市县的支持，

and provincial-level governments should also provide additional fiscal support to these levels.

注：

省级政府

provincial-level governments

务必使基层落实惠企利民政策更有能力、更有动力。

It is imperative that local governments are both able and motivated to carry out policies that will benefit businesses and people.

注：

更有能力、更有动力

be both able and motivated to

惠企利民

benefit businesses and people

📍imperative 1）作形容词，表示“至关重要的；紧急的；迫切的”，英文解释为“If it is imperative that something be done, that thing is extremely important and must be done.”，举个🌰：

It was imperative that he act as naturally as possible.

至关重要的是他要尽可能地自然行事。

2）作名词，表示“重要紧急的事；必要的事”，英文解释为“a thing that is very important and needs immediate attention or action”。

要用好政府投资资金，带动扩大有效投资。

We will use government investment funds to stimulate and expand effective investment.

注：

政府投资资金

government investment funds

带动扩大有效投资

stimulate and expand effective investment

今年拟安排地方政府专项债券3.65万亿元。

This year, special-purpose bonds for local governments will total 3.65 trillion yuan.

注：

地方政府专项债券

special-purpose bonds for local governments

强化绩效导向，坚持“资金跟着项目走”，合理扩大使用范围，

We will, taking a performance-oriented approach, ensure that investment funds stay with the projects they are allocated to, and appropriately widen the scope of usage for such funds.

注：

绩效导向（方法）

a performance-oriented approach

“资金跟着项目走”

investment funds stay with the projects they are allocated to

扩大使用范围

widen the scope of usage

支持在建项目后续融资，

We will support follow-up financing for ongoing projects,

注：

在建项目（进行中的项目）

ongoing projects

开工一批具备条件的重大工程、新型基础设施、老旧公用设施改造等建设项目。

and begin construction on major projects that are ready for launching, new types of infrastructure, and renovations of outdated public facilities.

注：

新型基础设施

new types of infrastructure

老旧公用设施改造

renovations of outdated public facilities

民间投资在投资中占大头，

The lion's share of investment in China comes from the non-government sector.

注：

[民间]投资

investment [from the non-government sector]

📍the lion's share表示“最大份额，大部分”，英文解释为“the largest part or most of something”举个🌰：

Reputable charities spend the lion's share of donations on aid and a tiny fraction on administration.

声誉好的慈善机构将捐款的大部分都花在援助上，只有极少部分用于管理。

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告：进一步拆除妨碍民间投资的各种藩篱，and do more to remove barriers impeding private investment,

要发挥重大项目牵引和政府投资撬动作用，完善相关支持政策，充分调动民间投资积极性。

We will give full play to the leveraging role of major projects and government investment and refine relevant supporting policies to keep non-government investors fully motivated.

注：

发挥...作用

give full play to

牵引作用/撬动作用

the leveraging role

民间投资（者）

non-government investors

充分调动...积极性

keep ... fully motivated

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