「Part 10」2021政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

LearnAndRecord 2022-07-26

收录于合集 #政府工作报告笔记 53个

本笔记由「才思汇·啃报告小分队」出品，特别感谢小伙伴@范仕成 和@夏日聘婷，有风经过 的付出。

就业优先政策要继续强化、聚力增效。

we will continue to improve the employment-first policy to enhance its performance.

注：

就业优先政策

the employment-first policy

（聚力）增效

enhance its performance

着力稳定现有岗位，

we will work to keep the employment situation stable.

注：

稳定现有岗位

keep the employment situation stable

📍 keep … stable表示“稳定，保持…稳定”

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告Part 7：努力稳定现有就业，We will strive to keep existing jobs secure,

2020年报告Part 15：围绕支持企业增订单稳岗位保就业，To help businesses get more orders and keep their employees on,

对不裁员少裁员的企业，继续给予必要的财税、金融等政策支持。

We will continue to provide adequate fiscal, tax, financial policy support to businesses that do not cut jobs or only cut a small number of them.

注：

不裁员少裁员

do not cut jobs or only cut a small number of them

继续给予

continue to provide

必要的财税、金融等政策支持

adequate fiscal, tax, financial policy support

政策支持

policy support

「类似表述对比」

2017年报告：继续推进财税体制改革。We will continue to reform fiscal and tax systems.

📍fiscal /'fɪskl/ 表示“财政的，国库的”（Fiscal is used to describe something that relates to government money or public money, especially taxes.）

继续降低失业和工伤保险费率，

We will further reduce premiums for unemployment insurance and workers' compensation,

注：

失业和工伤保险费率

Premiums for unemployment insurance and workers' compensation

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告：失业保险 unemployment insurance；工伤保险 work injury compensation insurance

2019年报告：继续执行阶段性降低失业和工伤保险费率政策。The current policy of reducing premiums for unemployment insurance and work injury compensation insurance will continue.

📍 premium /'primɪəm/ 表示“保险费；额外费用；津贴”（the cost of insurance, especially the amount that you pay each year）

扩大失业保险返还等阶段性稳岗政策惠及范围,

and expand the scope of time-limited policies aimed at helping businesses maintain payrolls, such as the refunding of unemployment insurance premiums.

注：

阶段性稳岗政策

time-limited policies aimed at helping businesses maintain payrolls

阶段性政策

time-limited policies

失业保险返还

the refunding of unemployment insurance premiums

失业保险（费）

unemployment insurance premiums

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告Part 1：实施阶段性大规模减税降费，与制度性安排相结合，By making both time-limited large-scale tax and fee cuts and institutional arrangements,

📍 payroll表示“在职人员工薪名册”（The people on the payroll of a company or an organization are the people who work for it and are paid by it.）

延长以工代训政策实施期限。

The duration of policies on work-based training organized by companies will be extended.

注：

以工代训

work-based training (organized by companies)

📍以工代训是企业利用自有场所、生产设备，让职工边工作边进行生产技能培训。

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告：扩大以工代赈规模，让返乡农民工能打工、有收入。and expand work-relief programs to ensure that those who return to their homes have a job and income.

📍以工代赈是指政府投资建设基础设施工程，受赈济者参加工程建设获得劳务报酬，以此取代直接救济的一种扶持政策。

拓宽市场化就业渠道，

We will broaden channels for creating market-based employment,

注：

市场化就业

marked-based employment

促进创业带动就业。

and leverage the role of business startups in boosting employment.

注：

创业

business startups

带动就业

boosting employment

「类似表述对比」

十九大报告：鼓励创业带动就业。and create more jobs by encouraging business startups.

2018年报告：要促进多渠道就业，支持以创业带动就业。we need to expand the channels for employment and support job creation through business startups.

推动降低就业门槛，

The thresholds for obtaining employment will be lowered,

注：

就业门槛

the thresholds for obtaining employment

📍threshold 表示“入口；门槛；临界值”（the level at which something starts to happen or have an effect）

动态优化国家职业资格目录，

and we will improve the national catalog of professional qualifications on a continuing basis,

注：

国家职业资格目录

the national catalog of professional qualifications

动态优化 ...

improve ... on a continuing basis

「类似表述对比」

2018年报告：推动实现更高层次的供需动态平衡。and worked for a dynamic equilibrium of supply and demand at a higher level.

降低或取消部分准入类职业资格考试工作年限要求，

and relax or lift the years-of-experience requirements for taking qualification examinations for some license based professions.

注：

准入类职业资格考试

qualification examinations for some license based professions

（工作）年限要求

the years-of-experience requirements

📍准入类职业资格是指由国务院劳动、人事行政部门通过学历认定、资格考试、专家评定、职业技能鉴定等方式进行评价，对合格者授予的国家职业资格证书。准入类职业资格，是指按照相关要求，个人拿到证书，才能进入相关行业的工作岗位。也就是说，此类工作必须要持证上岗，企业也不得招募无证人员。

支持和规范发展新就业形态，

We will support the development of new forms of employment and keep such employment well-regulated,

注：

规范

keep … well regulated

新就业形态

new forms of employment

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告：支持和规范民办教育，upport private schools and keep them well-regulated,

2019年报告：清理规范行政处罚事项，overhaul government penalties and punitive measures,

加快推进职业伤害保障试点。

and we will move faster to advance trials of occupational injury insurance,

注：

职业伤害保障

occupational injury insurance

继续对灵活就业人员给予社保补贴，

We will continue to subsidize contributions to social insurance made by workers in flexible employment,

注：

灵活就业人员

workers in flexible employment

给予社保补贴

subsidize contributions to social insurance

📍contribution表示“（医疗金、养老金等的）定期缴款”（a regular payment that you make to your employer or to the government to pay for things that you will receive when you are no longer working, for example health care, a pension etc）也可以指“捐款；捐资”（a sum of money that is given to a person or an organization in order to help pay for sth）。

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告Part 1：其中减免社保费1.7万亿元。including 1.7 trillion yuan in social insurance premium cuts and exemptions.

2019年报告：1）明显降低企业社保缴费负担。We will significantly reduce enterprise contributions to social insurance schemes.

2019年报告：2）划转部分国有资本充实社保基金。and replenish social security funds through the injection of state capital.

2018年报告：充实社保基金 replenish social security funds;

2017年报告：充实社保基金 enlarge social security funds;

2016年报告：制定划转部分国有资本充实社保基金办法 work out methods for putting a portion of state capital into social security funds.

推动放开在就业地参加社会保险的户籍限制。

and allow people to access social security in the locality where they work even if they do not hold local residency.

注：

就业地

the locality where they work

户籍限制（没有当地户籍）

do not hold local residency

「类似表述对比」

2017年报告：1）We will deepen the reform of the household registration system. 深化户籍制度改革，

2017年报告：2）We will speed up work to introduce the urban residence card system nationwide. 加快居住证制度全覆盖。

做好高校毕业生、退役军人、农民工等重点群体就业工作，

We will work to ensure employment for key groups such as college graduates, ex-service members, and rural migrant workers,

注：

高校毕业生

college graduates

退役军人

ex-service members / demobilized military personnel

农民工

rural migrant workers

重点群体

key groups

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告：落实退役军人优抚政策。We will ensure implementation of preferential treatment policies for demobilized military personnel,

2019年报告：扎实做好高校毕业生、退役军人、农民工等重点群体就业工作， We will work to ensure employment for key groups such as college graduates, demobilized military personnel, and rural migrant workers;

2018年报告：扎实做好退役军人安置。We will take substantive steps to see demobilized military personnel resettled into new jobs.

📍demobilize表示“遣散；使复员；使退伍” （to send home the members of an army, navy etc, especially at the end of a war）

完善残疾人、零就业家庭成员等困难人员就业帮扶政策，促进失业人员再就业。

improve policies on employment support for people facing difficulties like those with disabilities and members of zero-employment families, and help unemployed people find work.

注：

残疾人

those (people) with disabilities

零就业家庭成员

members of zero-employment families

就业帮扶政策

policies on employment support

失业人员

unemployed people

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告：帮扶残疾人、零就业家庭等困难群体就业。We will help people with disabilities, zero-employment families, and other groups facing difficulty find jobs.

2017年报告：加大就业援助力度，扶持城镇困难人员、残疾人就业，确保零就业家庭至少有一人稳定就业。We will step up employment assistance to help vulnerable urban residents and people with disabilities find employment and to ensure that in every family currently with zero employment at least one member secures a stable job.

拓宽职业技能培训资金使用范围，开展大规模、多层次职业技能培训，

We will expand the scope of use for vocational skills training funds, launch large-scale, multi-level vocational skills training programs,

注：

职业技能培训资金

vocational skills training funds

使用范围

the scope of use

大规模、多层次职业技能培训（项目）

large-scale, multi-level vocational skills training programs

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告：今明两年职业技能培训3500万人次以上， This year and next, more than 35 million vocational skills training opportunities will be provided,

完成职业技能提升和高职扩招三年行动目标，

and complete the goals of the three-year initiative on providing vocational skills training and expanding enrollment in vocational colleges.

注：

职业技能提升-->提供职业技能训练

provide vocational skills training

高职扩招

expand enrollment in vocational colleges

三年行动目标

the goals of the three-year initiative

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告Part 3：实现高职院校扩招100万人目标。and we achieved the goal of increasing student enrollments in vocational colleges by one million.

2020年报告：高职院校扩招200万人，and enrollment in vocational colleges will grow by two million.

2021年报告Part 2：出台国企改革三年行动方案。支持民营企业发展。We adopted a three-year action plan for SOE reform and supported the development of private businesses.

2017年报告：启动消除城区重点易涝区段三年行动，A three-year initiative will be launched to remove the risk of flooding in highly vulnerable urban areas;

建设一批高技能人才培训基地。

A number of bases for training highly-skilled personnel will be opened.

注：

高技能人才

highly-skilled personnel

培训基地

bases for training

实施提升就业服务质量工程。

An initiative will be carried out to boost the quality of employment services.

注：

就业服务质量

the quality of employment services

实施

carry out ...

运用就业专项补助等资金，支持各类劳动力市场、人才市场、零工市场建设，

We will use employment subsidies and other funds to support the development of labor, talent, and casual labor markets,

注：

就业（专项）补助

employment subsidies

劳动力市场、人才市场、零工市场

labor, talent, and casual labor markets

劳动力市场

the labor market

人才市场

the talent market

零工市场

the casual labor market

广开就业门路，为有意愿有能力的人创造更多公平就业机会。

so as to widen the avenues of employment and enable people who are willing and able to work to find more equitable job opportunity.

注：

广开就业门路

widen the avenues of employment

公平就业机会

equitable job opportunity

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告：营造内外资企业一视同仁、公平竞争的市场环境。We will foster an enabling market environment in which all companies, Chinese and foreign, are treated as equals and engaged in fair competition.

（二）深入推进重点领域改革，更大激发市场主体活力。

Advancing reforms in key areas and further energizing market entities.

注：

重点领域

key areas

激发市场主体活力

energize market entities

市场主体

market entities

📍energize表示“激发；使有活力” (to make energetic, vigorous, or active)

在落实助企纾困政策的同时，

While implementing policies to ease enterprises' difficulties,

注：

助企纾困

ease enterprises' difficulties

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告Part 1：助企纾困和激发活力并举， we eased the difficulties of our enterprises and energized them.

2021年报告Part 8：宏观政策要继续为市场主体纾困，保持必要支持力度， We will continue to ensure macro policies alleviate the difficulties of market entities and maintain necessary policy support for achieving this goal.

2020年报告Part 8：助力市场主体纾困发展 help market entities overcome difficulties and achieve development.

2019年报告Part 4：千方百计帮助解忧纾困 we used every feasible means to help them overcome problems and concerns.

加大力度推动相关改革，培育更加活跃更有创造力的市场主体。

we will also intensify reforms to foster more dynamic and innovative market entities.

注：

更加活跃更有创造力

more dynamic and innovative

市场主体

market entities

进一步转变政府职能。

We will further transform the functions of government.

注：

政府职能

the functions of government

充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，

We will fully leverage the decisive role of the market in allocating resources,

注：

发挥...决定性作用

leverage the decisive role of ...

资源配置

allocating resources

📍leverage表示“最大限度的利用，最优化利用” (use something to maximum advantage) 举个🌰：

The organization needs to leverage its key resources.

这家组织必须将自己关键资源的优势发挥到极致。

更好发挥政府作用，

and give better play to the role of government,

注：

更好发挥

give better play to ...

政府作用

the role of government

推动有效市场和有为政府更好结合。

to ensure better alignment between an efficient market and a well-functioning government.

注：

有效市场

an efficient market

有为政府

a well-functioning government

... 和 ...更好结合

better alignment between ... and ...

继续放宽市场准入，

We will continue to expand market access,

注：

放款市场准入

expand market access

开展要素市场化配置综合改革试点，

pilot a comprehensive reform on the market-based allocation of production factors,

注：

要素市场化配置

the market-based allocation of production factors

📍pilot表示“试点；试行” (to test a new product, idea, etc. with a few people or in a few people or in a small area before it is introduced everywhere)

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告Part 2：完善要素市场化配置体制机制。We improved the systems and mechanisms for the market allocation of production factors.

2021年报告Part 6：推进要素市场化配置改革，carry out reforms to promote the market-based allocation of production factors,

2020年报告：推进要素市场化配置改革。We will advance reforms to promote market-based allocation of production factors.

2018年报告：推进供给侧结构性改革，必须破除要素市场化配置障碍，降低制度性交易成本。Advancing supply-side structural reform demands removing barriers to market based allocation of the factors of production and reducing government-imposed transaction costs.

2018年报告Part 14：完善产权制度和要素市场化配置机制。We will improve property rights systems and mechanisms for market-based allocation of the factors of production.

依法平等保护各类市场主体产权。

and ensure equal protection for the property rights of various market entities in accordance with the law.

注：

各类市场主体

various market entities

产权

the property rights

依法

in accordance with the law

纵深推进“放管服”改革，

We will deepen reforms to streamline administration and delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade services and,

注：

“放管服”

streamline administration and delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade services

📍放管服，就是简政放权（streamline administration and delegate power）、放管结合（improve regulation）、优化服务（upgrade services）的简称。

加快营造市场化、法治化、国际化营商环境。

move faster to create a market-oriented, law-based, and internationalized business environment.

注：

市场化

market-oriented

法治化

law-based

国际化

internationalized

营商环境

the business environment

将行政许可事项全部纳入清单管理。

We will practice list-based management for all items requiring administrative approval.

注：

行政许可事项

items requiring administrative approval

清单管理

list-based management

深化“证照分离”改革，

We will advance the reform for separating operating permits from business licenses,

注：

证照分离

separating operating permits from business licenses

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告Part 12：“证照分离”改革 all permits required of businesses will be separated from the business license

2019年报告Part 3：“证照分离”改革 the reform separating permits from the business license;

2018年报告：“证照分离”改革 The reform separating permits and certificates from business licenses;

2017年报告：“证照分离”separate operating permits and business licenses.

大力推进涉企审批减环节、减材料、减时限。

and devote major efforts to reducing the procedures, documents, and time required in conducting government review of applications made by enterprises.

注：

涉企审批

(conducting) government review of applications made by enterprises

减环节、减材料、减时限

reduce the procedures, documents, and time required

实行中小微企业简易注销制度。

The system for deregistering MSMEs with simplified procedures will be implemented.

注：

中小微企业简易注销制度

the system for deregistering MSMEs with simplified procedures

中小微企业

MSMEs (micro, small and medium enterprises)

实施工业产品准入制度改革，

We will reform the system of market access for industrial products,

注：

工业产品（市场）准入

market access for industrial products

推进汽车、电子电器等行业生产准入和流通管理全流程改革。

and advance reform of the entire management process, from production access to marketing, for several industries such as the automobile, electronic, and electric appliances industries.

注：

生产准入和流通

production access to marketing

管理全流程

the entire management process

电子电器行业

electronic, and electric appliances industries

把有效监管作为简政放权的必要保障，

Effective regulation is necessary for our efforts to streamline administration and delegate power.

注：

有效监管

effective regulation

简政放权

streamline administration and delegate power

全面落实监管责任，

We will see that all regulatory responsibilities of government are fulfilled.

注：

监管责任

regulatory responsibilities

加强对取消或下放审批事项的事中事后监管，

We will strengthen ongoing and ex post oversight of items for which approval has been cancelled or delegated to lower-level authorities.

注：

事中事后监管

ongoing and ex post oversight

下放

delegate ... to lower-level authorities

「类似表述对比」

2017年报告：完善事中事后监管制度。We will improve the system for conducting both registration and post-registration oversight over businesses

2016年报告：加强事中事后监管，优化公共服务流程。Both operational and post-operational oversight over businesses were strengthened, and public service procedures were improved.

完善分级分类监管政策，

We will refine regulatory policies covering different levels and categories,

注：

分级分类-->覆盖不同等级和类别

covering different levels and categories

监管政策

regulatory policies

健全跨部门综合监管制度，

and improve the system of comprehensive inter-agency regulation.

注：

跨部门监管

inter-agency regulation

大力推行“互联网＋监管”，提升监管能力，

We will also advance the Internet plus regulation model to enhance our capacity for conducting regulation.

注：

“互联网＋监管”

the Internet plus regulation (model)

监管能力

the capacity for conducting regulation

加大失信惩处力度，

We will impose stiffer penalties on acts of bad faith,

注：

失信（行为）

acts of bad faith

📍stiff表示“困难的；艰难的；严厉的；激烈的”（more difficult or severe than usual）举个🌰：

There are stiff fines for breaking the rules.

违反规则要受重罚。

以公正监管促进优胜劣汰。

and carry out regulation in an impartial way to ensure that well-performing businesses succeed in market competition and those which are poorly run are eliminated.

注：

公正监管

carry out regulation in an impartial way

（企业）优胜劣汰

well-performing (businesses) succeed in (market) competition and those which are poorly run are eliminated

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告：实现产权有效激励、要素自由流动、价格反应灵活、竞争公平有序、企业优胜劣汰。so that property rights act as effective incentives, and we should ensure free flows of factors, flexible prices, fair and orderly competition, and that business survival is determined by competition.

2017年报告：健全优胜劣汰质量竞争机制。and improve the competitive mechanism that links a firm's fate in business to the quality of its products.

加强数字政府建设，

We will work to build a digital government.

注：

数字政府

a digital government

建立健全政务数据共享协调机制，

We will set up a sound coordination mechanism for sharing government data,

注：

政务数据共享

sharing government data

协调机制

a coordination mechanism

推动电子证照扩大应用领域和全国互通互认，

expand the application, and promote mutual nationwide recognition, of electronic licenses and certificates,

注：

电子证照

electronic licenses and certificates

全国互通互认

mutual nationwide recognition

实现更多政务服务事项网上办、掌上办、一次办。

and ensure more government services are accessible online and on cellphone applications with the need for only one application process.

注：

政务（服务）事项

government services

网上办、掌上办、一次办

be accessible online and on cellphone applications with the need for only one application process

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告：确需到现场办的要“一窗受理、限时办结”“最多跑一次”。For matters that do require presence in person, they should be processed at a single window, within a specified time, and without the need for a second visit.

企业和群众经常办理的事项，今年要基本实现“跨省通办”。

This year, high-demand government services should generally be provided on an inter-provincial basis.

注：

企业和群众经常办理的事项-->高需求政务服务

high-demand government services

“跨省通办”

be provided on an inter-provincial basis

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