外交双语｜外交部例行记者会（2018.03.22）
2018年3月22日，外交部举行例行记者会，发言人华春莹耿爽回答了中外记者的提问。
外交公告：
应南非共和国政府邀请，国家主席习近平特别代表、中共中央政治局委员杨洁篪将于3月23日至24日正式访问南非。
At the invitation of the government of the Republic of South Africa, President Xi Jinping's Special Representative and member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee Yang Jiechi will pay an official visit to South Africa from March 23 to 24.
中国-非洲关系问题：
问：你能否介绍杨洁篪同志此访主要目的和安排？中方对此访有何期待？
Q: Do you have more details about the purpose and schedule of Mr. Yang Jiechi's visit? What's China's expectation?
答：中共中央政治局委员杨洁篪作为习近平主席特别代表对南非即将进行的正式访问，是中国今年“两会”后我中央领导人面向非洲的一次重要出访。主要目的是贯彻落实十九大报告提出的对发展中国家真实亲诚政策理念和正确义利观，就促进中南双边关系及各领域合作发展同南非领导人深入沟通、对接思路，让中南合作更多更好惠及两国和两国人民。
A: Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee Yang Jiechi's upcoming official visit to South Africa as President Xi Jinping's Special Representative is an important visit to Africa by Chinese central leadership after the Two Sessions this year. With a view to following through on the policy of sincerity, real results, affinity and good faith and the principle of upholding justice while pursuing shared interests put forward by the report submitted to the 19th CPC National Congress, this visit will enable an in-depth interaction and policy synergy on bettering bilateral relations and across-the-board cooperation and development, so that China-South Africa cooperation will bring more benefits to the two countries and two peoples.
访问期间，杨洁篪特别代表拟会见南非党政领导人，重点就中南关系、2018年中非合作论坛北京峰会及金砖国家领导人约翰内斯堡会晤等事宜同南方深入交换看法。
During the visit, Special Representative Yang Jiechi is expected to meet with leaders of South African political parties and government and they will exchange views on China-South Africa relations, the 2018 Forum on China Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) Summit in Beijing and the BRICS summit in Johannesburg, among others.
今年适逢中南建交20周年。建交20年来，在双方共同努力下，两国关系深入发展，实现了从伙伴关系到战略伙伴关系再到全面战略伙伴关系的重大跨越，呈现出政治互信、经贸合作、人文交流、战略协作齐头并进的良好势头。
This year marks the 20th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and South Africa. Over the past 20 years, with the concerted efforts of both sides, the bilateral relationship has developed in an in-depth manner and been elevated from partnership to strategic partnership and then comprehensive strategic partnership, demonstrating good momentum for development in political mutual trust, economic and trade cooperation, cultural and people-to-people exchange and strategic coordination.
中方高度重视发展同南非的关系，愿以建交20周年为新的契机，相互支持办好2018年中非合作论坛北京峰会和金砖国家领导人约翰内斯堡会晤，不断深化中南各领域友好合作，推动中南全面战略伙伴关系持续向前发展。
China highly values its relations with South Africa. China stands ready to, taking the 20th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties as an opportunity, support the 2018 Forum on China Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) Summit in Beijing and the BRICS summit in Johannesburg, continuously deepen China-South Africa friendly cooperation across the board, and keep moving forward the China-South Africa comprehensive strategic partnership.
中-美关系问题：
问：昨天，一名美国国务院高官在台北演讲称，“美台关系”之牢固前所未有，他还称赞台湾 35 40326 35 14410 0 0 9154 0 0:00:04 0:00:01 0:00:03 9155印太地区的“典范”。台湾当局宣布，本周内另一位来自美商务部的高官访台。你对美国有关官员言论有何评论？对美方一周内派两位高官访台有何评论？
Q: A senior US diplomat gave a speech yesterday in Taipei, in which he said that "Taiwan-US relations" had never been stronger and he praised Taiwan as a "model" for the Indo-Pacific region. The Taiwan authorities announced today that another senior US official will be visiting this week from the Commerce Department. What is your response to the comments yesterday and this second visit in a week by a senior US official to Taiwan?
答：关于近日美台交往问题，昨天我已阐明了中方立场。我想再次强调，台湾问题事关中方的核心利益，是中美关系中最重要和最敏感的问题，一个中国原则是中美关系的政治基础。我们敦促美方恪守一个中国政策和中美三个联合公报规定，停止与台开展任何形式的官方往来和提升实质关系，慎重妥善处理涉台问题，以免严重损害中美关系和台海和平稳定。
A: Yesterday I already made clear China's stance on the recent contacts between the US and Taiwan. I want to stress again that the Taiwan issue concerns China's core interests and is the most important and sensitive issue in China-US relations, and the one-China principle is the political foundation of China-US relations. We urge the US to adhere to the one-China policy and the three joint communiqués, stop pursuing any official ties with Taiwan or elevating its current relations with Taiwan in any substantive way and handle Taiwan-related issues cautiously and properly so as to avoid causing any major damage to the China-US relations and cross-Straits peace and stability.
我也想借此机会提醒那些想打“台湾牌”或有其他什么企图的人认真阅研习近平主席在十三届全国人大一次会议闭幕式上发表的重要讲话中有关维护国家主权和领土完整的内容。我们伟大祖国的每一寸领土都绝对不能也绝对不可能从中国分割出去。希望有关人士在台湾问题上谨言慎行。
I would also like to remind those who want to play the "Taiwan card" or have any other attempt that they need to attentively read and study President Xi Jinping's important remarks delivered at the closing ceremony of the First Session of the 13th National People's Congress (NPC), in particular the part that involves China's attitude on upholding its sovereignty and territorial integrity. Not a single inch of our great motherland could be ceded from China. We hope relevant persons will speak and act with caution on the Taiwan issue.
问：据报道，美国白宫称，特朗普总统将于美东时间22日签署针对中国“经济侵略行为”的总统备忘录。你对此有何评论？
Q: According to reports, the White House said that President Trump is going to sign a Presidential Memorandum concerning China's "economic aggression" on March 22 EST. What's your comment?
答：针对最近有报道称美方将很快公布对华301调查结果并可能对中国采取限制措施，商务部条法司负责人已经发表谈话，再次明确表明中方立场，那就是中方坚决反对美方单边主义和贸易保护主义行径，绝不会坐视合法权益受到损害，必将采取所有必要措施，坚决捍卫自身合法权益。希望美方能够认清中美经贸关系互利共赢的本质，不要做出损人害己的举动。
A: In response to recent reports that the US will shortly publish the results of Section 301 investigation and possibly impose restrictive measures on China, the official from the Department of Treaty and Law of the Ministry of Commerce has made a statement to clarify China's position again, that is, we firmly oppose the US' acts of unilateralism and trade protectionism. China will never sit idly and let its lawful rights and interests be undermined and will surely take all necessary measures to firmly safeguard its legitimate rights and interests. We hope that the US can be fully aware of the mutually beneficial and win-win nature of China-US economic and trade relations and refrain from moves that will hurt both itself and others.
我也看到报道提及中国“经济侵略”这个词，我们完全不能认同也不能接受所谓“经济侵略”这样的说法，因为“侵略”这个词无论从任何方面来讲都绝不会扣到中国头上。
We have also noted some reports accusing China of "economic aggression", a term we can never agree with or accept, because China could not be labeled as aggressive at all in any way.
问：三名美国共和党议员提议要求将在美孔子学院列为“外国代理人”，想必中国政府将对此感到极为不满。你能否就此发表评论？
Q: Three US Republican lawmakers have proposed that the Confucius Institutes operating in the United States should be registered as "foreign agents". I assume the Chinese government would be extremely unhappy to see this happening. Do you have comments on this?
答：美国孔子学院是应美国大学的自愿申请，由孔子学院总部、中国大学与当地大学本着“相互尊重，友好协商，平等互利”的原则，订立正式协议而设立的。孔子学院的宗旨是加强中国与有关国家教育、文化交流合作，增进两国人民之间的相互理解与友谊。事实上，我们看到孔子学院在很多国家都受到了热烈的欢迎，也为促进中国与有关国家间的相互了解、友谊和合作发挥了非常重要的作用。
A: The Confucius Institutes in the US are set up at the voluntary request of US universities by Confucius Institute Headquarters, Chinese universities and local universities with the principle of mutual respect, friendly consultation, equality and mutual benefit upon formal agreement. The purpose of Confucius Institutes is strengthening educational and cultural exchange and cooperation between China and other countries and enhancing mutual understanding and friendship between their peoples. In fact, we have seen that Confucius Institutes are warmly welcomed in many countries and they have played an important role in promoting the mutual understanding, friendship and cooperation between China and relevant countries.
我注意到近一段时期以来美方个别人不时发出一些杂音，它们反映的实质和根本是怎么看世界、怎么看中国发展的问题，或者说能否真正摒弃冷战思维和零和博弈、非此即彼的过时观念，与其他国家开展互利共赢合作的问题。听到此类种种杂音，我有时候会想起中国《论语》中的一句话，叫做“君子坦荡荡，小人长戚戚”。因为中国坚持走和平发展道路，不仅写入了中国共产党的十七大、十八大、十九大报告，而且载入了中国共产党党章。十三届全国人大一次会议通过的宪法修正案，又在序言部分增加了“坚持和平发展道路”，“坚持互利共赢开放战略”和“推动构建人类命运共同体”三方面内容。这是中国外交政策理念在国家法治上的最高宣誓，体现了中国致力于走出一条与传统大国不同的发展道路的坚定决心，致力于和世界各国共同发展繁荣的真诚愿望，以及致力于为世界和平与发展做出更大贡献的崇高目标，体现了中国将自身发展与世界发展相统一的全球视野、世界胸怀和大国担当。个别人如果没有这样的视野，没有这样的心胸和气度，自然不能理解。我们希望那些人能够摒弃过时理念，真正使自己的脑袋和身体一起进入21世纪，客观理性地看待当今世界的发展潮流和中国的发展进步。
I noted that recently certain American individuals have made noises from time to time, which actually comes down to the way they view the world and China's development or the question whether they are really able to discard the cold-war mentality, zero-sum game mindset and the outdated either-or concept and pursue mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation with other countries. Such noises always remind me of a saying from the Analects of Confucius, that is, "while a gentleman is open and poised, a petty man is unhappy and worried". China's commitment to the path of peaceful development has been enshrined in the reports delivered to the 17th, 18th, 19th CPC National Congress and the Party's Constitution. The amendments to China's Constitution adopted at the First Session of the 13th NPC add to the Preamble such new contents as "following a path of peaceful development and a win-win strategy of opening-up" and "building a community with a shared future for mankind". This constitutes the highest proclamation of China's foreign policies and philosophies in the form of law, demonstrating its firm resolve to blaze a development path different from that of traditional major countries, its sincere aspiration to work with other countries for common development and prosperity, its lofty goal to make greater contributions to world peace and development, and its global horizon, broad vision and sense of responsibility as a major country to integrate its own development into that of the world. It's only natural that certain individuals falling short of such vision and broad-mindedness will fail to apprehend it. We hope that they will abandon the obsolete ideas and truly think and act in a manner in keeping with the 21st century and look at the trend of the times and China's development in an objective and rational way.
问：还是有关白宫今天将签署的“备忘录”问题，中方采取了哪些措施避免美方可能宣布的对华贸易制裁和投资限制？双方是否就此进行沟通？
Q: Just return to this memorandum that is expected to be signed at the White House today. Has China made any efforts to head off the trade sanctions and investment restrictions that are expected to be announced? Have the two sides discussed this on any occasion?
答：中美两国在多个层级就经贸问题保持着沟通，双方有基本共识，就是要通过沟通和磋商，本着相互尊重、互利共赢的原则妥善管控分歧，建设性地解决贸易摩擦问题，维护中美经贸关系的健康稳定发展。我想这是两国领导人的共识，也是双方应该共同努力的方向。
A: China and the US maintain communication with each other on trade issues at various levels. The two sides have basic consensus in this respect which is to properly manage and constructively address trade disputes through communication and consultation based on mutual respect and win-win results to ensure the sound and steady development of China-US economic ties. I believe this is a consensus shared by the two heads of state which also marks out what the two countries should work for.
最近美方有一些人就可能对中国采取限制措施说了一些话。美方多次使用的一个词就是“公平”或者“对等”。我们之前也说过造成中美贸易不平衡的因素是多方面的，其中有一个原因其实大家看得也是非常清楚的，就是美国对华出口管制政策。中国是美国飞机和大豆的第一大出口市场，汽车和棉花的第二大出口市场。我看到一个数字说美国约有62%的大豆及约25%的波音飞机销往中国，而中国对美国出口大多数是美国没有比较优势也不生产的产品。大家都知道，在贸易当中，要追求完全对等是不现实的，也是毫无道理的。大家可以试想一下，如果美方一方面要求中国买它想要卖的，另一方面却拒绝卖给中国想要买的，而且还就贸易不平衡问题对中国横加指责，这公平吗？那么中国要卖多少玩具才能抵得上一架波音飞机呢？或者说如果中国买了多少波音飞机，美国就应该买同等数量的C919吗？所以我们还是希望双方能够心平气和地坐下来，通过建设性的对话和协商，本着平等互利和相互尊重的精神，寻求互利共赢的解决方法。这也是中美作为世界第二大经济体和第一大经济体，应该为维护世界经济稳定做出的表率或者发挥的积极作用，也符合中美两国共同利益。
Some people in the US have recently talked about potential restrictive measures on China. I noticed that "fairness" or "reciprocity" has been the catchword for the US side these days. We said earlier that trade imbalance between China and the US is a result of many factors, one of which is the US policy restricting its exports to China. China's market receives the largest number of US planes and soybeans and the second largest number of US cars and cotton. The figure I saw is that 62% of US soybeans and 25% of its Boeing planes ended up in China. What we export to the US is mostly something they have no comparative advantage in making or do not make at all. Everyone knows that it is impractical and unreasonable to demand for absolute parity in the world of trade. Let's all think about this. The US is on the one hand urging China to buy what it wants to sell, while refusing to sell what China wants to buy. Is the US in the right position to criticize China on trade imbalance? Is it fair? How many toys do we have to sell to equal the value of one Boeing plane? To put it another way, is the US willing to buy the same number of C919 from China as we buy Boeing from the US? That is why we have been calling on the two sides to calm down and have constructive dialogue and consultation in the spirit of equality, mutual benefit and mutual respect to seek out a win-win solution. As the world's top two economies, China and the US shall play a leading and positive role in ensuring world economic stability. That also serves the common interests of the two countries.
追问：如果美方对华强征关税，中方是否将在大豆和飞机这两个领域采取报复措施？
Follow-up: You mentioned soybeans and Boeing there. Are those two areas where we could see possible retaliation if there are tariffs as we expect?
答：中国商务经济部门会妥善应对。我刚才已经说了，中国商务部条法司负责人今天已经明确表示，中方绝不会坐视中方合法权益受到损害，必将采取所有必要措施，坚决捍卫自身合法的权益。
A: China's trade and economic departments will handle these specific issues properly. Like I said, official from Department of Treaty and Law of the Commerce Ministry already made it clear that China will not sit idly by while legitimate rights and interests are hurt, and we will take all necessary measures to firmly defend our rights.
中国-东亚关系问题：
问：日本自民党近日正在对修改宪法进行讨论，特别是关于修改第九条，近期可能出台原则性方案，中方如何看待日本的修宪行为？
Q: Japan's Liberal Democratic Party is now in a discussion for revising the Constitution. In particular, a principled plan may be put forward to revise Article 9. How does China view Japan's move to revise the Constitution?
答：从本质上讲，日本怎么修改宪法是日本内政。但由于历史原因和大家都能理解的原因，日本修改和平宪法问题一直受到国际社会和亚洲邻国高度关注。加上近年来日本国内有一些人在不断渲染所谓这个威胁、那个威胁来为扩充军备制造借口，我们希望日本能够坚持走和平发展道路，真正以实际行动取信于亚洲邻国和国际社会，同时也为日本与其他邻国关系改善创造条件。
A: In essence, the revision of Japan's constitution belongs to its internal affairs. But due to historical reasons and other reasons we all know, the issue of Japan revising the Pacifist Constitution has been all along followed by the international community and its Asian neighbors. Moreover, certain people in Japan have been seeking excuses for arms expansion by playing up this or that kind of so-called threats. We hope that Japan will adhere to a peaceful development path and win the trust of its Asian neighbors and the international community with concrete actions, and by doing so, create conditions for the improvement of its relations with its neighbors.
朝鲜半岛问题：
问：如果有关方面向中方提出请求，中方是否愿举办或主持美朝领导人会晤？
Q: If the relevant parties asked China, would China be willing to host talks between the US and the DPRK?
答：中方一贯主张朝鲜半岛问题应该通过对话协商寻求解决，我们支持一切有利于推动政治解决进程的努力。对于所有有利于通过推动对话协商政治解决半岛问题的努力，我们都会积极支持。
A: China always believes that the Korean Peninsula issue shall be resolved through dialogue and consultation, and we support all efforts that could facilitate its political settlement. We will readily support all efforts that are conducive to resolving the issue in a political way through dialogue and consultation.
发言人：华春莹
来源：外交部中英文网站
注：本文根据问题内容分类，与原文顺序有所不同。
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