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斩字诀归来!继续手把手教你阅读快速提分!(2018军火库58期)

2017-10-02 哇魔力 考研军火库

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阅读超级秘诀“折斩&哇斩”真题解析(2009年英语(一)Text 4)(2018升级版)

声明:本文原创,侵权盗用必依法追究到底。


今天起,小哇将继续推送下面两套阅读超级秘诀的真题解析,对英语一二通用,都具有一剑封喉的效果:

/第一套:折斩,即只看转折句选答案。

/第二套:哇斩,即不看文章,只看选项和题干选答案。


阅读超级秘诀(哇斩+折斩)往期大汇总:

阅读超级秘诀(折斩+哇斩:2005Text1)(👈猛戳阅读)

阅读超级秘诀(折斩+哇斩:2005Text2)(👈猛戳阅读)

阅读超级秘诀(折斩+哇斩:2005Text3)(👈猛戳阅读)

阅读超级秘诀(折斩+哇斩:2005Text4)(👈猛戳阅读)

阅读超级秘诀(折斩+哇斩:2006Text1)(👈猛戳阅读)

阅读超级秘诀(折斩+哇斩:2006Text2)(👈猛戳阅读)

阅读超级秘诀(折斩+哇斩:2006Text3)(👈猛戳阅读)

阅读超级秘诀(折斩+哇斩:2006Text4)(👈猛戳阅读)

阅读超级秘诀(折斩+哇斩:2007Text1)(👈猛戳阅读)

阅读超级秘诀(折斩+哇斩:2007Text2)(👈猛戳阅读)

阅读超级秘诀(折斩+哇斩:2007Text3)(👈猛戳阅读)

阅读超级秘诀(折斩+哇斩:2007Text4)(👈猛戳阅读)

阅读超级秘诀(折斩+哇斩:2008Text1)(👈猛戳阅读)

阅读超级秘诀(折斩+哇斩:2008Text2)(👈猛戳阅读)

阅读超级秘诀(折斩+哇斩:2008Text3)(👈猛戳阅读)

阅读超级秘诀(折斩+哇斩:2008Text4)(👈猛戳阅读)

阅读超级秘诀(折斩+哇斩:2009Text1)(👈猛戳阅读)

阅读超级秘诀(折斩+哇斩:2009Text2)(👈猛戳阅读)

阅读超级秘诀(折斩+哇斩:2009Text3)(👈猛戳阅读)


很多同学可能认为不可思议,但事实的确如此,每套秘诀都能单独选出全部20道阅读题的答案。你可根据自己偏好选择其一,或者将二者互补组合套用


去年小哇已对“折斩”和“哇斩”作了详细说明,现在再拿出来给大家看下。


1.先看折斩

再次强调,折斩既适用于英语一也适用于英语二。


特别注意#1,在套用“折斩”做题时,如果转折句(以及引语和观点句)是一个长难句,句子结构复杂,不容易理解,此时可锁定句子中的宾语,包括主干宾语和其他句子成分里的宾语,宾语往往是答案选项(或其中关键词)的同义替换(微信号:kaoyanx)。

特别注意#2,如果转折句同时也是引语或/和观点句,应优先锁定。


下面是”折斩“的操作魔图:

2.再看哇斩

哇斩是不看文章,只看选项和题干(主要是看选项)直接选答案。主要从以下几个角度考虑(举例):

/与题干关键词(比如introduce)是否表述一致

/与题干在感情色彩上是否表述一致

/是否违背常识

/明确 — 模糊

/抽象(概括、宏观)具体(微观)

/绝对相对

/深刻浅显

/隐蔽直接

/答案往往隐藏于具有相似特征的不易区分的选项中

/作者相信的内容往往带有正能量

/针对词汇题,含义更丰富更深刻的往往是答案

/出现在选项中的熟词僻意是题眼

......(还有更多,详见以前推送及后面的真题解析)


真题示例:2009年英语(一)Text 4

注#1:关于“折斩”与“哇斩”的具体介绍详见上面内容。

注#2:文章中红色字体是转折句。全文只有两处转折句,选出所有问题答案。


[第1段]:The most thoroughly studied in the history of the new world are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was “So much importance attached to intellectual pursuits.” According to many books and articles, New England’s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life.(微信号:kaoyanx)


[第2段]:To take this approach to the New Englanders normally mean to start with the Puritans’ theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church-important subjects that we may not neglect. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture, adjusting to New world circumstances. The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity(技艺)(微信号:kaoyanx).


第36题(标注红色的选项是答案)

The author notes that in the seventeenth-century New England

[A] Puritan tradition dominated political life(清教传统主宰政治生活)

[B] intellectual interests were encouraged(文化兴趣受到鼓励)(哇斩#1:BC之间的关系可理解为:因为C所以B,根据支持法则答案选B。哇斩#2:BD都是从促进文化追求的角度说的,是相似话题,根据命题规律,答案通常隐藏于表述相同/相似话题的选项中,所以答案应在BD中选。B说的是内部因素(兴趣),D说的是外部因素(自由环境),所以B表述更本质、更深刻,更像是答案,答案选B。不看文章,直接选出答案)(微信号:kaoyanx)

[C] Politics benefited much from intellectual endeavors(政治从文化活动中受益匪浅)

[D] intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment(文化追求享有自由的环境)

[折斩]:参照魔图。根据题干关键词(蓝色字体)定位第1段(见下划线字体),该段没有转折句,距该段最近的转折句是①。

  • ①表述内容与政治没有任何关系,所以排除AC。

  • ①中“adjusting to New world circumstances”与D中“liberal environment”表述对立,因为,既然是“适应”,就说明有限制,不“自由”。所以排除D(微信号:kaoyanx)。

所以,答案选B。

或者,看①后面的句子,句中“the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity”与B中“intellectual interests”表述一致(因为有“兴趣”才会有“追求”),所以答案选B(微信号:kaoyanx)。


第37题(标注红色的选项是答案)

It is suggested in paragraph 2 that New Englanders

[A] experienced a comparatively peaceful early history(早期经历了相对和平的历史时期)

[B] brought with them the culture of the Old World(带来了旧大陆的文化)(哇斩:BC说的都是文化话题,根据命题规律,答案通常隐藏于表述相同/相似话题的选项中,所以答案应在BC中选。而C中“southern intellectual life”表述具体,应排除C,答案选B。不看文章,直接选出答案)(微信号:kaoyanx)

[C] paid little attention to southern intellectual life(不太关注美国南部地区文化生活)

[D] were obsessed with religious innovations(热衷于宗教革新)

[折斩]:参照魔图。根据题干关键词(蓝色字体)定位第2段,该段中有转折句①。①中“carriers of European culture”正是B的同义替换,所以答案选B(微信号:kaoyanx)。


[第3段]:The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decade after 1629, there were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. These men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness(微信号:kaoyanx).


第38题(标注红色的选项是答案)

The early ministers and political leaders in Massachusetts Bay

[A] were famous in the New World for their writings(在新大陆因其著作而闻名)(哇斩:表述内容浅显,排除A)

[B] gained increasing importance in religious affairs(在宗教事务中的重要性日益增加)(哇斩:B中“religious”与题干中“political”表述不一致,排除B)

[C] abandoned high positions before coming to the New World(来到新大陆之前舍弃了高官显爵)(哇斩:“high positions”表述过于具体,也过于浅显,排除C)

[D] created a new intellectual atmosphere in New England(在新英格兰营造了新的文化氛围)(哇斩:表述积极,而且表述抽象,D更像是答案,再结合ABC分析,答案选D。不看文章,直接选出答案)(微信号:kaoyanx)

[折斩]:参照魔图。根据题干关键词(蓝色字体)定位第3段(见下划线字体),该段没有转折句,距其最近的转折句是①和②。从内容上看,第3段内容与①更接近,所以定位①。①与D说的都是文化(①中“culture”对应D中“intellectual”),表述最接近,所以答案选D(微信号:kaoyanx)。


[第4段]:We should not forget, however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. While few crafts men or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized. Their thinking often had a traditional superstitions quality. A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. Sexual confusion, economic frustrations , and religious hope - all came together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: “come out from among them, touch no unclean thing , and I will be your God and you shall be my people.” One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible that he heard in puritan churched(微信号:kaoyanx). 


第39题(标注红色的选项是答案)

The story of John Dane shows that less well-educated New Englanders were often

[A] influenced by superstitions(受到迷信的影响)(哇斩:举例是为了支持作者观点,而非就事论事。在四个选项中,只有A表述更具有概括性和抽象性,更像是观点,所以答案选A。而且,BCD都表述负面,也应排除BCD,答案选A。而且,根据常识,越是没受过良好教育,越是容易受到迷信的影响,所以答案选A。不看文章,直接选出答案)(微信号:kaoyanx)

[B] troubled with religious beliefs(因宗教信仰而感到困扰)

[C] puzzled by church sermons(对教会的布道感到困惑)(哇斩:“church sermons”表述过于具体,排除C)

[D] frustrated with family earnings(对家庭收入感到沮丧)(哇斩:“family earnings”表述过于具体,排除D)

[折斩]:参照魔图。根据题干关键词(蓝色字体)定位第4段(见下划线字体),该段中有转折句②。②是一个“however…while…”结构的句子,其重心是while后面的转折部分,即“it is obvious that…”,其中“less fully intellectualized”正是A中“superstitions”的同义替换,所以答案选A。其实,根据转折句②后面的句子也可直接选出答案(微信号:kaoyanx)。


[第5段]:Meanwhile , many settles had slighter religious commitments than Dane’s, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New world for religion . “Our main end was to catch fish.”(微信号:kaoyanx)


第40题(标注红色的选项是答案)

The text suggests that early settlers in New England

[A] were mostly engaged in political activities(大部分从事政治活动)

[B] were motivated by an illusory prospect(受到虚幻前景的激励)

[C] came from different intellectual backgrounds(来自不同的文化背景)(哇斩#1:根据前面题目可知,文章主旨说的是文化(其中“intellectual”是主旨词),而在四个选项中,只有C说的的文化,所以答案选C。哇斩#2:很明显,该题是主旨题,答案应具有概括性和抽象性,而C最具有概括性和抽象性,所以答案选C。不看文章,直接选出答案)(微信号:kaoyanx)

[D] left few formal records for later reference(很少留下可供后世参考的正式记录)

[折斩]:参照魔图。此题根据题干提供的信息无法定位到具体段落上,可以通过综合两个转折句的意思来选答案。基本思路是,四个选项中凡是有与两个转折句中的任何一个内容接近者,都可视为备选答案。很明显,选项ABD都不是两个转折句①②表述的内容,只有C与转折句②表述最接近,因为②提到了crafts men、 farmers、dependents和servants,所以答案选C。注意,D是对②中while引导的内容的捏造(微信号:kaoyanx)。


至此,全部5道题都可“只看转折句”和“哇斩”选出答案

掌握了“折斩”和“哇斩”绝技,你绝对是超级考霸


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