CGTN 视频 | 悦辩悦明：大国挑战，负重前行 | 病毒来袭，神州应战 | 病毒无国界，偏见更伤人

学习英语，领悟翻译，沟通世界！

扫描关注

悦辩悦明：大国挑战，负重前行

武汉已封城一月之久，以战病毒之疫。如秋千受力而摆，疫情让世界失衡。中国正奋发图存。

It has been a month since Wuhan was locked down because of the coronavirus. Like a big push on a swing, the epidemic tips the balance in the world, and China is making efforts to keep standing.

中国庞大的国土成为战疫的第一挑战。中国乃泱泱大国，而此次疫情直击其腹地要害。疫情爆发于1600万人口的中部大都市武汉。屋漏偏逢连夜雨，武汉周围城市众多，人口皆以百万计。武汉乃交通枢纽，疫情大有扩散至周边城市之势。疆土广阔反倒成为战疫的重大阻碍。

The challenge lies in the country's size. China is a big country with a large span, and the virus hit the center, literally. The epicenter is a metropolis of 16 million people in the middle of the country. To make matters worse, it is surrounded by many cities, also with millions of inhabitants. Wuhan is a transport hub, and the virus is threatening to infect the whole surrounding are. The size of the country is a significant obstacle.

但凡事有弊也有利。由于中国疆土广阔，不同地区得以相互接济。武汉告急之时，四面八方来援。此时此刻，全国十分之一的重症监护医生正奋战于武汉。4万余名医务人员应急响应，火速奔赴抗疫前线。中国火力全开，应对疫情。

But that's only half the story. Because of its continental size, all the parts feed off each other. When Wuhan fell, the other provinces came to its aid. As we speak, one-tenth of the intensive care doctors of the entire country is in Wuhan. A total of 40,000 medical staff moved to the center in a wartime fashion. China plans to take the virus full on.

体制之机。战疫的另一关键在于信息传递。中国自有其独特的双向信息流动，自上而下和自下而上。

Structure matters. Another weight on scale is messaging. China has two-way traffic of communication: top-down and bottom-up.

中国需要改善信息自下而上的传导。武汉的八名医生于新型病毒爆发之初便发出警示，然而他们的声音却没有被重视, 国家监委调查组仍在调查事件真相。但是有一点是肯定的：汇报层级过多，手续繁杂，缺乏信息上报动力。

China needs to do better bottom-up. When doctors in Wuhan sounded alarms of the new virus, the message got lost. An investigation is still ongoing on why. But one reason is obvious: there are too many layers,too much red tape, and too little incentives to send the messages up.

但是保持平衡实非易事。每个决定的背后都有取舍，它会影响百姓生计，甚至攸关生死。我们需要减缓疫情传播速度。中国许多地区都在执行严格的检疫隔离。建立广泛的检疫隔离网络，减少违规行为固然是个好办法 问题是我们仍然不知道确切的疫情扩散范围。在不侵犯人们的权利和尊严的情况下有效隔离感染者困难重重。

But keeping the balance is hard. Every decision is a trade-off when it affects the lives of thousands and the livelihood of millions. We need to slow the spread. Draconian quarantines are being enforced in many parts of the country. Maintain a large network of isolation and a low rate of rogue behavior is the answer; the question is that we still don’t know the exact extent of the infection. Isolating the infected while not infringing on people’s rights and decency is not an easy task.

但是，最艰难的决定是何时为疫情画上句号，我们对病毒这个对手还知之甚少，工具箱中的手段寥寥无几，没有特效药，也没有疫苗。眼前仍然无法回答公众的问题：疫情何时结束？

But the hardest decision is when to draw the line. With so little information on an adversary like the virus and so few weapons at our disposal, without treatment or vaccines, we are not able to answer the public's question: when does it end?

在第二次世界大战结束前夕，温斯顿·丘吉尔如此描述战争：不惜一切代价，去赢得胜利；无论多么恐怖，还是要赢得胜利；无论道路多么遥远艰难也要赢得胜利；因为没有胜利，就是死路一条。

Before the end of the Second World War, Winston Churchill described the war like this: victory at all costs, victory in spite of all terror, victory however long and hard the road may be; for without victory, there is no survival.

悦辩悦明 | 病毒无国界，偏见更伤人

First a city with a population of 11 million was shut down and then a country of 1.4 billion people came to a halt. Most people have shown concern and understanding. Whenever there is a public health concern, people tend to react strongly, however some have allowed the fear to turn into bias.  

首先，一个1100万人口的都市封城，然后一个14亿人口的国家接近停滞。全世界担忧不已也深表理解。公共卫生问题往往会引发公众的强烈反应，但有时候恐惧甚至演变为歧视。

But sometimes the reaction is over the top. People have effectively closed borders, shouted hateful words and drive others away indiscriminately. Some have called the novel coronavirus the China Virus. We wrongly called the 1918 pandemic the Spanish Flu and with better knowledge and conscience we never call AIDS or Ebola an African virus because we don't want people to associate a pathogen with a place or people, and we shouldn't. Coronavirus is feeding bias and discrimination against people, people from Wuhan and China, people across the aisle and in the neighborhood.

过激反应不时出现：迅速关闭边境，叫嚣仇恨的言语，不分缘由地驱赶他人。有人称新型冠状病毒为“中国病毒”。我们曾错误地将1918年瘟疫称为西班牙流感。随着人类知识的丰富，理性的增长，我们不会把艾滋病或埃博拉称为非洲病毒，因为我们不想把病毒与某个地方或群体划上等号，也不该这样做。但这次的疫情却引发了不少偏见和歧视，武汉人、中国人、咫尺之隔的街坊邻居都成为了受害者。

It is understandable that people are panicking in the face of a big unknown. But we have a rough idea about this virus; it is highly infectious, and not as deadly as SARS. We wash hands, wear masks, keep our hygiene and keep ourselves happy to let the immune system do its work. 

诚然，人们在面对巨大的未知时会心生恐惧。但对于新冠病毒，我们并非一无所知。它具有高度传染性，但致死率仍然低于SARS病毒。勤洗手、戴口罩、注意卫生、保持愉悦心情，我们的免疫系统自会发挥效用。

Draconian isolation policy during the 14-day incubation will help us identify more cases and hopefully the virus will burn out eventually or its impact will be mitigated when our immune systems with the help of supportive care will win out at last.

在14天的潜伏期内采取严格的隔离措施有助于我们发现更多病例。在免疫系统和有效护理的双重作用下，我们应该能够战胜病毒侵袭。

But discrimination will take its toll. The disregard of AIDS patients during the 1970s drove them underground and undetected, resulting in a larger outbreak. And similar messaging on Ebola made matters worse in 2014 in Africa. In history we have treated leprosy, AIDS and even flu patients like outcasts partly because we were unable to deal with the disease, but largely because we could not understand the threat.  

但歧视却后患无穷。20世纪70年代对艾滋病病人的漠视迫使他们转入地下，不敢就诊，结果引发更大规模的爆发。同样的原因造成了2014年非洲埃博拉疫情的恶化。历史上，我们曾一度歧视麻风病、艾滋病甚至流感病人，一定程度上是因为我们无法有效应对，但主要是由于我们不了解它们造成的威胁。

But now we do. Virus know no boundaries, be it AIDS, the flu, SARS or 2019-nCoV. An epidemic of global scale demands the sharing of information, resources and moral support. Quarantines might work for a while, but it won't last and it won't solve all problems. We are now in a gigantic prisoner's dilemma, the incentive to turn against each other is so strong even though banding together works better. Bias hurts your interests, you just don't know yet.

但我们对病毒有了更多认识。病毒不分国界，不论艾滋、流感、SARS还是新型冠状病毒都是如此。抗击全球性传染病需要信息与资源的共享和精神上的相互支持。隔离在一段时间内固然有效，但终究不是长久之计，也无法解决所有问题。我们现在身处巨大的囚徒困境，尽管携手合作更加有效，但彼此背叛的冲动依然强烈。歧视伤人伤己，只是你尚未觉察。

In our modern, borderless world. We aren't living in villages anymore. Even though we may pay a price dealing with strangers, we still do and we are better off because of it.

在全球化的当今，我们不再生活在彼此隔绝的山村。即使与陌生人打交道可能需要付出代价，我们仍然拥抱世界，因为那才是一个更好的世界。

"This is the time for facts, not fear.

This is the time for science, not rumors.

This is the time for solidarity, not stigma.

We are all in this together."          

此时此刻，我们

需要事实，而非恐惧；

需要科学，而非谣言；

需要团结，而非污名，

疫情当前，让我们同舟共济！

悦辩悦明：病毒来袭，神州应战

It has been a challenging week for China.

The threat came from a virus, a new coronavirus strain. It has already killed dozens of people and infected thousands. And worse still, we still don't know the scope of the outbreak.

The epicenter, Wuhan, is now on lockdown. It's a hub of industry and commerce in central China and home to 12 million people. Residents there are advised to stay put but millions more are nervous about further spread.

The price of lockdown will go higher as it will affect commerce, transport and finally economy. But most people agree this is the price we have to pay because the stakes are too high and otherwise the cost would be even greater.

The most concerning thing is the lack of information. The virus is new, and despite round-the-clock research, we still don't know much about the pathogen, like where it originated, how it jumped species, how it evolved and how lethal it could be.

Humans rely so much on communication and viruses weaponize human communication. That is why the battle is so painful in a populous country like China.

The news of the virus is everywhere, and people are watching, reading and hearing it in heavy doses every single day. The modern human networks of information have also created challenges for epidemic control. On the one hand, people could easily be scared and spread misinformation or make impulsive choices. On the other, people are better informed and are more ready to take precautions like wearing masks and following procedures. 

Epidemics are nothing new. The Black Death in the 14th century killed a third of humanity and the annual flu also claims thousands of lives around the world. The major killers throughout recent human history — smallpox, flu, tuberculosis, malaria, plague, measles, and cholera — are infectious diseases that evolved from animals.

But thanks to science and human cooperation, we are in a better place to deal with epidemics like never before. History gives us perspectives and probably also provides solace.

We have been there and we have seen it before.

The SARS epidemic, which broke out in China in 2002 eventually killed more than 800 people worldwide. Seventeen years later, the entire health system is better off, our knowledge is deeper and awareness sharper. We are better informed and equipped, but of course we still have to be very humble.

Wuhan patients are still struggling to get medical attention and people all over the country are still edgy facing the unknown. An epidemic of this kind will finally test not only the healthcare but the entire social system.

But this time China has established a daily bulletin system on infection cases and promises to punish government officials who fail to provide prompt and transparent information updates.

Wuhan plans to build two special hospitals in 10 days that can treat more than 2,000 patients. This is key, because that means the virus patients won't mingle with common cold or fever patients to make matters worse.

In the meantime, hundreds of medical staff from all over the country have been joining their Wuhan colleagues who are physically and professionally strained.

China's centralized system is at work in the sense that once it has the political will, it can pool the best resources and make the strongest efforts. This is a China that has learned its lessons and this is a community that is determined not to repeat the same mistakes.

But we have to be cool-headed. This is a battle between man and nature. The only tool we can use is the science of medicine. And the only way is to use it with humility and patience.

推荐关注

回复“号内搜”，快捷搜索

点“在看”表示朕已阅