「Part 13」2018政府工作报告中英文对照个人注释版

LearnAndRecord 2020-10-07

（二）加快建设创新型国家。

2. Moving faster to make China a country of innovators

把握世界新一轮科技革命和产业变革大势，

The latest global revolution in science and technology and industrial transformation are trends we must be on board with.

注：

世界新一轮科技革命

the latest global revolution in science and technology

产业变革

industrial transformation

深入实施创新驱动发展战略，

We will do more in implementing the innovation-driven development strategy,

注：

创新驱动发展战略

the innovation-driven development strategy

不断增强经济创新力和竞争力。

and keep on making the Chinese economy more innovative and competitive.

注：

增强...创新力和竞争力

make ... more innovative and competitive

加强国家创新体系建设。

We will improve national innovation systems.

强化基础研究和应用基础研究，

We will strengthen basic research and application-oriented basic research,

注：

基础研究

basic research

应用基础研究

application-oriented basic research

启动一批科技创新重大项目，

launch a number of major science and technology innovation programs,

注：

科技创新重大项目

major science and technology innovation programs

高标准建设国家实验室。

and build top-quality national laboratories.

注：

高标准

top-quality

鼓励企业牵头实施重大科技项目，

We will encourage enterprises to head up major science and technology programs,

注：

牵头(实施)

head up

支持科研院所、高校与企业融通创新，

support collaborative innovation by research institutes, universities, and enterprises,

注：

collaborative innovation

融通创新

加快创新成果转化应用。

and speed up the commercialization and application of innovations.

注：

创新成果转化应用

the commercialization and application of innovations

国家科技投入要向民生领域倾斜，

State investments in science and technology will be weighted toward fields related to improving living standards.

注：

国家科技投入

state investments in science and technology

向...倾斜

be weighted toward ...

加强雾霾治理、癌症等重大疾病防治攻关，使科技更好造福人民。

We will strengthen efforts to reduce smog and prevent and cure cancers and other serious diseases, thus making science and technology do more to benefit the people.

注：

雾霾治理

reduce smog

更好造福人民

do more to benefit the people

落实和完善创新激励政策。

We will act on and improve policies that stimulate innovation.

改革科技管理制度，绩效评价要加快从重过程向重结果转变。

We will reform the science and technology management system, and speed up the shift in performance assessment from emphasis on processes to emphasis on outcomes.

注：

科技管理制度

the science and technology management system

绩效评价

performance assessment

(shift) from emphasis on processes to emphasis on outcomes

从重过程向重结果(转变)

赋予创新团队和领军人才更大的人财物支配权和技术路线决策权。

We will empower innovation teams and leaders by seeing that they have more human, financial, and material resources at their disposal and more power to make decisions related to technology roadmaps.

注：

更大的人财物支配权

have more human, financial, and material resources at one's disposal

对承担重大科技攻关任务的科研人员，采取灵活的薪酬制度和奖励措施。

For researchers working for major scientific and technological breakthroughs we will adopt flexible remuneration systems and reward schemes.

注：

重大科技攻关任务

major scientific and technological breakthroughs

灵活的薪酬制度和奖励措施

flexible remuneration systems and reward schemes

探索赋予科研人员科技成果所有权和长期使用权。

We will explore ways to grant researchers ownership or permanent use rights over their scientific and technological outputs.

注：

赋予科研人员[科技成果所有权和长期使用权]

grant researchers [ownership or permanent use rights over their scientific and technological outputs]

有悖于激励创新的陈规旧章，要抓紧修改废止；

All outdated rules and regulations that sap the inspiration for innovation will be modified or abolished without delay,

注：

陈规旧章

outdated rules and regulations

修改废止

be modified or abolished

有悖于激励创新

sap the inspiration for innovation

sap：to make someone weaker or take away strength or an important quality from someone, especially over a long period of time （尤指经过一段很长的时间）使伤元气；削弱；使耗尽

Constant criticism saps you of your confidence.
不间断地有人批评会消磨信心。

有碍于释放创新活力的繁文缛节，要下决心砍掉。

and all red tape that strangles efforts to unlock innovation will be torn clean away.

注：

繁文缛节

red tape

有碍于释放创新活力

strangle efforts to unlock innovation

strangle：to stop something from developing 抑制，压制；扼杀

For years, the organization was strangled by excessive bureaucracy.
该机构多年来因官僚主义作风严重发展受到阻滞。

促进大众创业、万众创新上水平。

We will see the nationwide business startup and innovation drive is taken to the next level.

注：

大众创业、万众创新

the nationwide business startup and innovation (initiative)

我国拥有世界上规模最大的人力人才资源，

China is home to the biggest pool of human resources and talent in the world.

注：

我国拥有-->是…的家园/为…的所在地

be home to

世界上规模最大的人力人才资源

the biggest pool of human resources and talent in the world

这是创新发展的最大“富矿”。

In this we have the greatest gold mine there is for innovation and development.

注：

最大“富矿”

the greatest gold mine

要提供全方位创新创业服务，

We will provide services that tick every box for inventors, innovators, and entrepreneurs,

推进“双创”示范基地建设，

and establish more business startup and innovation demonstration centers.

注：

“双创”示范基地

business startup and innovation demonstration centers

鼓励大企业、高校和科研院所开放创新资源，发展平台经济、共享经济，

We will encourage large enterprises, universities, and research institutes to enable access to resources necessary for innovation, boost the platform economy and the sharing economy,

注：

开放创新资源

enable access to resources necessary for innovation

平台经济

the platform economy

共享经济

the sharing economy

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形成线上线下结合、产学研用协同、大中小企业融合的创新创业格局，

and create an innovation and entrepreneurship landscape featuring online-offline combination, collaboration between enterprises, universities, research institutes, and end-users, and partnering between businesses of all sizes.

注：

创新创业格局

innovation and entrepreneurship landscape

线上线下结合

online-offline combination

产学研用协同

collaboration between enterprises, universities, research institutes, and end-users

大中小企业融合

partnering between businesses of all sizes

打造“双创”升级版。

With these efforts, we will create an upgraded edition of the national drive to promote business startups and innovation.

设立国家融资担保基金，支持优质创新型企业上市融资，

We will establish a state financing guaranty fund, support leading innovative enterprises in going public,

注：

国家融资担保基金

state financing guaranty fund

支持[优质]创新型企业上市融资

support [leading] innovative enterprises in going public

将创业投资、天使投资税收优惠政策试点范围扩大到全国。

and extend nationwide the pilot preferential tax policies for venture capital investment and angel investment.

注：

创业投资

venture capital investment

天使投资

angel investment

税收优惠政策试点

the pilot preferential tax policies

深化人才发展体制改革，推动人力资源自由流动，支持企业提高技术工人待遇，加大高技能人才激励，

We will deepen the reform of institutions for talent development, promote free flows of human resources, support enterprises in increasing pay packages for technical workers, and strengthen the incentives for highly skilled personnel.

注：

人才发展体制改革

the reform of institutions for talent development

人力资源自由流动

free flows of human resources

提高技术工人待遇

increasing pay packages for technical workers

高技能人才激励

the incentives for highly skilled personnel

鼓励海外留学人员回国创新创业，

We will encourage overseas Chinese students to return to China after completing their studies to pursue business and other innovative ventures;

拓宽外国人才来华绿色通道。

we will create a fast track to attract more foreign talent to China.

注：

拓宽...绿色通道

create a fast track to

集众智汇众力，一定能跑出中国创新“加速度”。

We have no doubt that by bringing together myriad intellects and pooling everyone's energies, China will break into a sprint in innovation.

注：

集众智

bring together myriad intellects

汇众力

pool everyone's energies

跑出(中国)创新“加速度”

(China will) break into a sprint in innovation

（三）深化基础性关健领域改革。

3. Deepening reforms in fundamental and key areas

以改革开放40周年为重要契机，推动改革取得新突破，不断解放和发展社会生产力。

We will, drawing on the important momentum generated by the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up, endeavor to make new breakthroughs in reform, and continue to unleash and develop productive forces.

注：

以...为重要契机

drawing on the important momentum generated by ...

改革开放40周年

the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up

解放和发展社会生产力

unleash and develop productive forces

推进国资国企改革。

We will advance the reform of state capital and SOEs.

注：

国资

state capital

国企

State Owned Enterprises(SOEs)

制定出资人监管权责清单。

Lists of investor rights and obligations regarding oversight and regulation will be formulated.

注：

出资人监管权责清单

lists of investor rights and obligations regarding oversight and regulation

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深化国有资本投资、运营公司等改革试点，赋予更多自主权。

We will deepen trial reforms in state capital investment and management companies, and grant them more decision-making power.

注：

赋予更多自主权

grant them more decision-making power

继续推进国有企业优化重组和央企股份制改革，

We will continue moving forward with the improvement and restructuring of SOEs and the joint-stock reform of central government enterprises,

注：

国有企业优化重组

the improvement and restructuring of SOEs

央企股份制改革

the joint-stock reform of central government enterprises

加快形成有效制衡的法人治理结构和灵活高效的市场化经营机制，

and move faster to give shape to corporate governance structures with effective checks and balances and flexible and efficient market-based operating mechanisms.

注：

有效制衡的法人治理结构

corporate governance structures with effective checks and balances

checks and balances：separation of control among several government organizations, such as a judiciary, a legislature, and an executive division 制约与平衡

灵活高效的市场化经营机制

flexible and efficient market-based operating mechanisms

持续瘦身健体，提升主业核心竞争力，推动国有资本做强做优做大。

We will work consistently to make SOEs into leaner, better performers, increase the core competitiveness of their main business, and strengthen, expand, and increase returns on state capital.

注：

主业核心竞争力

the core competitiveness of (their) main business

做强做优做大

strengthen, expand, and increase (returns on)

稳妥推进混合所有制改革。

We will prudently move forward with reforms introducing mixed ownership in SOEs.

注：

混合所有制

mixed ownership

落实向全国人大常委会报告国有资产管理情况的制度。

The system for State Council reporting to the NPC Standing Committee on the management of state-owned assets will be implemented.

注：

全国人大常委会

the NPC Standing Committee

国有企业要通过改革创新，走在高质量发展前列。

Our SOEs should, through reform and innovation, become front-runners in pursuing high-quality development.

注：

走在..前列

become front-runners in ..

支持民营企业发展。

We will support the development of private enterprises.

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坚持“两个毫不动摇”，

There will be no irresolution about consolidating and developing the public sector and no irresolution about encouraging, supporting, and guiding non-public sector development;

注：

“两个毫不动摇”：毫不动摇巩固和发展公有制经济，毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展(There will be no irresolution about consolidating and developing the public sector and no irresolution about encouraging, supporting, and guiding non-public sector development)。

坚持权利平等、机会平等、规则平等，

we will uphold the principle of equal rights, equal opportunities, and fair rules.

注：

权利/机会平等

equal rights/opportunities

规则平等

fair rules

全面落实支持非公有制经济发展的政策措施，

We will implement fully all policies and measures in support of non-public sector development,

注：

非公有制经济发展

non-public sector development

认真解决民营企业反映的突出问题，

earnestly address salient problems that concern private companies,

注：

突出问题

salient problems

salient：The salient facts about something or qualities of something are the most important things about them 显着的，突出的

She began to summarize the salient features/points of the proposal.
她开始总结提议中的突出特点／要点。

「Part 9」用了“acute problems”来表达。

坚决破除各种隐性壁垒。

and take firm action to remove hidden barriers.

注：

破除隐性壁垒

remove hidden barriers

构建亲清新型政商关系，

We will build a new type of cordial and clean relationship between government and business,

注：

亲清新型政商关系

a new type of cordial and clean relationship between government and business

健全企业家参与涉企政策制定机制。

and improve mechanisms for entrepreneurs to participate in enterprise-related policy formulation.

注：

企业家参与涉企政策制定机制

mechanisms for entrepreneurs to participate in enterprise-related policy formulation

激发和保护企业家精神，增强企业家信心，让民营企业在市场经济浪潮中尽显身手。

We will encourage and protect entrepreneurship, boost entrepreneur confidence, and enable private enterprises to reach their maximum potential in the market economy.

注：

尽显身手

reach one's maximum potential

「未完待续」

「持续更新中」