「Part 7」2024政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

LearnAndRecord

2024-09-28

我们要坚持稳中求进、以进促稳、先立后破。

We should adhere to the principles of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, promoting stability through progress, and establishing the new before abolishing the old.

注：

稳中求进

pursuing progress while ensuring stability

以进促稳

promoting stability through progress

先立后破

establishing the new before abolishing the old

「类似表述对比」

2023年报告Part 3：坚持稳中求进工作总基调，We stayed true to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability.

2022年报告Part 7：今年工作要坚持稳字当头、稳中求进。In our work this year, we must make economic stability our top priority and pursue progress while ensuring stability.

2021年报告Part 1：以保促稳、稳中求进。By maintaining security, we were able to deliver stability while also pursuing progress.

2020年报告Part 2：坚持稳中求进工作总基调，We followed the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability

2018年报告Part 2：（一）坚持稳中求进工作总基调，First, with a commitment to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability,

2022年报告Part 16：推动能源革命，确保能源供应，立足资源禀赋，坚持先立后破、通盘谋划，推进能源低碳转型。To advance China’s energy revolution and ensure energy supply, we will, based on our resource endowment, push forward the transformation toward low-carbon development, in accordance with overall planning and the principle of establishing the new before abolishing the old.

二十大报告Part 27：立足我国能源资源禀赋，坚持先立后破，有计划分步骤实施碳达峰行动。Based on China’s energy and resource endowment, we will advance initiatives to reach peak carbon emissions in a well-planned and phased way in line with the principle of building the new before discarding the old.

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稳是大局和基础，

Stability is of overall importance, as it is the basis for everything we do.

注：

xx是大局-->全局性/全局重要的

be of overall importance

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告Part 3：各地区各部门顾全大局、尽责担当，Yet, local authorities and government departments across the country kept in mind the big picture and shouldered their responsibilities.

各地区各部门要多出有利于稳预期、稳增长、稳就业的政策，

All localities and government departments should adopt more policies that are conducive to keeping expectations, economic growth, and employment stable.

注：

各地区各部门

all localities and government departments

稳预期、稳增长、稳就业

keep expectations, economic growth, and employment stable

有利于

be conducive to

谨慎出台收缩性抑制性举措，清理和废止有悖于高质量发展的政策规定。

They should take good care in formulating measures that could be contractionary or inhibitive in nature and overhaul or abolish policies and regulations that hinder high-quality development.

注：

收缩性抑制性举措

measures that could be contractionary or inhibitive in nature

有悖于高质量发展的政策规定

policies and regulations that hinder high-quality development

出台举措

formulate measures

谨慎

take good care in

清理和废止

overhaul or abolish

进是方向和动力，

Making progress is our goal, and it is also what motivates us.

该立的要积极主动立起来，该破的要在立的基础上坚决破，

Therefore, we should proactively establish what is needed and resolutely abolish what is obsolete once the new is in place.

注：

该立的要积极主动立起来

proactively establish what is needed

该破的要坚决破

resolutely abolish what is obsolete

📍obsolete /ˌɒb.səlˈiːt/ 表示“废弃的；过时的；淘汰的；老化的”，英文解释为“not in use any more, having been replaced by something newer and better or more fashionable”举个🌰：Gas lamps became obsolete when electric lighting was invented. 电灯发明以后煤气灯就被淘汰了。

特别是要在转方式、调结构、提质量、增效益上积极进取。

In particular, we must push ahead with transforming the growth model, making structural adjustments, improving quality, and enhancing performance.

注：

转方式、调结构、提质量、增效益

transform the growth model, make structural adjustments, improve quality, enhance performance

积极进取

push ahead

强化宏观政策逆周期和跨周期调节，继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，加强政策工具创新和协调配合。

We should intensify counter- and cross-cyclical adjustments through macro policies, continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, and strengthen coordination between policy instruments while developing new ones.

注：

逆周期和跨周期调节

counter- and cross-cyclical adjustments

宏观政策

macro policies

实施积极的财政政策

implement a proactive fiscal policy

稳健的货币政策

prudent monetary policy

加强政策工具创新和协调配合-->加强政策工具协调配合，同时创新（开发新的政策工具）

strengthen coordination between policy instruments while developing new ones

积极的财政政策要适度加力、提质增效。

We should appropriately enhance the intensity of our proactive fiscal policy and improve its quality and effectiveness.

注：

适度加力

appropriately enhance the intensity

提质增效

improve its quality and effectiveness

积极的财政政策

a/the proactive fiscal policy

「类似表述对比」

2023年报告Part 8：推动国企聚焦主责主业优化重组、提质增效。thus enabling SOEs to upgrade and restructure their operations so as to focus on their primary responsibilities and core business and enhance quality and performance.

2021年报告Part 8：积极的财政政策要提质增效、更可持续。We will enhance the quality, efficiency, and sustainability of our proactive fiscal policy.

综合考虑发展需要和财政可持续，用好财政政策空间，优化政策工具组合。

We should take into account both development needs and fiscal sustainability, leverage fiscal policy space, and improve the policy toolkit.

注：

发展需要

development needs

财政可持续

fiscal sustainability

用好财政政策空间

leverage fiscal policy space

优化政策工具组合

improve the policy toolkit

赤字率拟按3%安排，赤字规模4.06万亿元，比上年年初预算增加1800亿元。

We have set the deficit-to-GDP ratio for this year at 3 percent and the government deficit at 4.06 trillion yuan, an increase of 180 billion yuan over the 2023 budget figure.

注：

赤字率

the deficit-to-GDP ratio

财政赤字（规模）

the government deficit

📍财政赤字率是指财政支出超过财政收入的部分的所占比例，意味着“花”的钱超过了“挣”到的钱。赤字率=（政府开支-政府收入）/GDP×100%

预计今年财政收入继续恢复增长，加上调入资金等，一般公共预算支出规模28.5万亿元、比上年增加1.1万亿元。

It is projected that fiscal revenue will continue to grow in 2024 and we will also have funds transferred from other sources; on this basis, general public expenditures in the government budget are projected to reach 28.5 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.1 trillion yuan over last year.

注：

财政收入

fiscal revenue

调入资金

funds transferred from other sources

一般公共预算支出（规模）

general public expenditures in the government budget

📍调入资金是指各级财政因平衡当年一般公共预算收支，而从基金结余和其他渠道调入的资金。

拟安排地方政府专项债券3.9万亿元、比上年增加1000亿元。

This year, 3.9 trillion yuan of special-purpose bonds for local governments will be issued, an increase of 100 billion yuan over last year.

注：

地方政府专项债券

special-purpose bonds for local governments

为系统解决强国建设、民族复兴进程中一些重大项目建设的资金问题，从今年开始拟连续几年发行超长期特别国债，

To systematically address funding shortages facing some major projects for building a great country and advancing national rejuvenation, it is proposed that, starting this year and over each of the next several years, ultra-long special treasury bonds be issued.

注：

强国建设

building a great country

民族复兴

advancing national rejuvenation

一些重大项目建设的资金（短缺）问题

funding shortages facing some major projects

超长期特别国债

ultra-long special treasury bonds

从今年开始连续几年

starting this year and over each of the next several years

📍今年两会提到的超长期特别国债，“超长期”指的是期限。一般认为发行期限在10年以上的利率债为“超长期债券”。“特别”指的是资金用途，为特定目标发行的、具有明确用途的国债，资金需要专款专用。“国债”是国家为了筹集财政资金而发行的一种政府债券，具有最高的信用度，被公认为是最安全的投资工具。

专项用于国家重大战略实施和重点领域安全能力建设，

These bonds will be used to implement major national strategies and build up security capacity in key areas.

注：

国家重大战略实施

implement major national strategies

重点领域安全能力建设

build up security capacity in key areas

今年先发行1万亿元。

One trillion yuan of such bonds will be issued in 2024.

注：

1万亿元

one trillion yuan

📍trillion /ˈtrɪl.jən/ 表示“万亿，兆”，英文解释为“the number 1,000,000,000,000”如：a/one trillion 一万亿。

现在很多方面都需要增加财政投入，

Additional government investment is needed in many sectors this year.

注：

增加（额外的）财政投入

additional government investment

要大力优化支出结构，强化国家重大战略任务和基本民生财力保障，严控一般性支出。

This means that we should further improve the structure of government spending, ensure sufficient funding for major national strategic tasks and efforts to meet the people's basic living needs, and strictly control general expenditures.

注：

优化（财政）支出结构

improve the structure of government spending

国家重大战略任务

major national strategic tasks

基本民生-->保障人民基本生活需求

meet the people's basic living needs

强化财力保障-->确保充足资金

ensure sufficient funding

严控一般性支出

strictly control general expenditures

中央财政加大对地方均衡性转移支付力度、适当向困难地区倾斜，

The central government will increase transfer payments to local governments for ensuring equal access to basic public services, which will appropriately tilt toward regions facing economic difficulty.

注：

对地方均衡性转移支付

transfer payments to local governments for ensuring equal access to basic public services

困难地区

regions facing economic difficulty

适当向……倾斜

appropriately tilt toward

📍均衡性转移支付是当同一级政府存在少量或没有财政赤字的情况下，上级政府把从富裕地区集中的一部分收入转移到贫困地区的补助。

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告Part 8：中央对地方均衡性转移支付增长10.9%。The central government's transfer payments to local governments for equalizing access to basic public services will increase by 10.9 percent.

📍tilt /tɪlt/ 表示“（使）倾斜”，英文解释为“to (cause to) move into a sloping position”举个🌰：He tilted his chair backwards and put his feet up on his desk. 他把椅子向后倾，双脚搁在书桌上。

省级政府要推动财力下沉，兜牢基层“三保”底线。

Governments at the provincial level, meanwhile, should allocate more fiscal resources to lower-level governments to see that, at the primary level, basic living needs are met, salaries are paid, and governments function smoothly.

注：

省级政府

governments at the provincial level

推动财力下沉

allocate more fiscal resources to lower-level governments

“三保”

basic living needs are met, salaries are paid, and governments function smoothly

基层

at the primary level

📍三保，指的是保基本民生、保工资、保运转支出。

「类似表述对比」

2023年报告Part 5：推动财力下沉，中央一般公共预算支出中对地方转移支付占比提高到70%左右，We channeled more financial resources toward lower levels of government, with the share of transfer payments to local governments rising to about 70 percent of central government expenditures.

2023年报告Part 17：做好基层“三保”工作。We should see that at the primary level, basic living needs are met, salary payments are ensured, and normal government functioning is maintained.

落实好结构性减税降费政策，重点支持科技创新和制造业发展。

We should fully implement structural tax and fee reduction policies, with priority given to supporting scientific and technological innovation and the development of the manufacturing sector.

注：

落实好

fully implement

结构性减税降费政策

structural tax and fee reduction policies

科技创新

scientific and technological innovation

制造业发展

the development of the manufacturing sector

重点

give priority to

严肃财经纪律，加强财会监督，

We must tighten up financial and economic discipline and intensify oversight on accounting.

注：

财经纪律

financial and economic discipline

财会监督

oversight on accounting

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告Part 8：对违反财经纪律、肆意挥霍公款的要严查重处，and anyone who violates fiscal discipline or squanders public funds will be investigated and severely punished.

严禁搞面子工程、形象工程，坚决制止铺张浪费。

Prestige and vanity projects and wasteful and excessive spending will be strictly prohibited.

注：

面子工程、形象工程

prestige and vanity projects

铺张浪费

wasteful and excessive spending

📍prestige /prɛˈstiːʒ/ 1）作名词，表示“威信；声望；威望”，英文解释为“the respect and admiration that sb/sth has because of their social position, or what they have done”举个🌰：There is a lot of prestige attached to owning a car like this. 拥有这样一部汽车会显得很气派。

2）作形容词，表示“名贵的；贵重的；讲究派头的”，英文解释为“admired and respected because it looks important and expensive”如：a prestige car 豪华的汽车。

📍vanity /ˈvæn.ə.ti/ 1）作名词，表示“虚荣；自负”，英文解释为“the fact that you are too interested in your appearance or achievements”举个🌰：He wants the job purely for reasons of vanity and ambition. 他想得到那份工作纯粹是为了满足虚荣和野心。

2）作形容词，表示“虚荣的”，英文解释为“used to describe something that is done with the aim of getting praise, fame, or approval rather than for serious or good reasons”

「类似表述对比」

2023年报告Part 15：坚持实事求是，尊重客观规律，坚决反对空谈浮夸、做表面文章、搞形象工程甚至盲目蛮干；We adhered to the principle of seeking truth from facts, with full respect for objective laws, and resolutely opposed empty talk and boastfulness, window dressing, vanity projects, and rash and reckless moves.

2022年报告Part 8：不得搞形象工程，No vanity projects will be tolerated,

2022年报告Part 8：加强收支管理，严禁铺张浪费，Management of fiscal receipts and outlays will be tightened up, and wasteful and excessive spending will be prohibited.

2020年报告Part 7：严禁新建楼堂馆所，严禁铺张浪费。Construction of new government buildings and wasteful and excessive spending will be strictly prohibited.

各级政府要习惯过紧日子，真正精打细算，切实把财政资金用在刀刃上、用出实效来。

Governments at every level must get used to keeping their belts tightened, run on lean budgets, and ensure that fiscal funds are used where they are needed most and to the best effect.

注：

过紧日子

keep their belts tightened

精打细算

run on lean budgets

财政资金

fiscal funds

（资金）用在刀刃上、用出实效来

(funds) be used where they are needed most and to the best effect

「类似表述对比」

2023年报告Part 5：各级政府坚持过紧日子，严控一般性支出，中央部门带头压减支出，At every level, governments kept their belts tightened by strictly controlling general expenditures, and central government departments led the way in cutting back spending.

2022年报告Part 8：要坚持政府过紧日子，更好节用裕民。Government will keep its belt tightened and keep spending low to benefit the people.

2021年报告Part 8：坚持过紧日子，We should continue to tighten our belts,

2020年报告Part 7：一定要把每一笔钱都用在刀刃上、紧要处，一定要让市场主体和人民群众有真真切切的感受。we will scrutinize all expenditure items and see that every cent is used where it is needed most and where market entities and the people will feel the greatest benefit from it.

稳健的货币政策要灵活适度、精准有效。

We should implement a prudent monetary policy in a flexible, appropriate, targeted, and effective way.

注：

灵活适度、精准有效

in a flexible, appropriate, targeted, and effective way

保持流动性合理充裕，社会融资规模、货币供应量同经济增长和价格水平预期目标相匹配。

We should maintain adequate liquidity at a proper level and see that aggregate financing and money supply stay in step with the projected economic growth and CPI increase.

注：

保持流动性合理充裕

maintain adequate liquidity at a proper level

融资规模

aggregate financing

货币供应（量）

money supply

同……相匹配

stay in step with

经济增长和价格水平预期目标

the projected economic growth and CPI increase

加强总量和结构双重调节，盘活存量、提升效能，加大对重大战略、重点领域和薄弱环节的支持力度。

We should adjust both the monetary aggregate and structure, put idle funds to good use, and step up support for major strategies, key areas, and weak links.

注：

加强总量和结构双重调节

adjust both the monetary aggregate and structure

盘活存量

put idle funds to good use

重大战略、重点领域和薄弱环节

major strategies, key areas, and weak links

加大对……支持力度

step up support for

促进社会综合融资成本稳中有降。

We should work for a steady decline in overall financing costs.

注：

综合融资成本

overall financing costs

稳中有降

a steady decline

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告Part 2：企业综合融资成本稳中有降。and overall financing costs of businesses dropped steadily.

畅通货币政策传导机制，避免资金沉淀空转。

We should improve the monetary policy transmission mechanism to prevent funds from sitting idle or simply circulating within the financial sector.

注：

货币政策传导机制

the monetary policy transmission mechanism

避免资金沉淀空转

prevent funds from sitting idle or simply circulating within the financial sector

📍资金空转指资金在金融体系多个机构间流转，没有流入或者至少是没有直接流入实体经济。

2020年报告Part 9：加强监管，防止资金“空转”套利。We should tighten regulation and prevent funds from simply circulating in the financial sector for the sake of arbitrage.

增强资本市场内在稳定性。

The underlying stability of the capital market should be enhanced.

注：

资本市场内在稳定性

the underlying stability of the capital market

资本市场

the capital market

保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定。

The RMB exchange rate should remain generally stable at an adaptive, balanced level.

注：

人民币汇率

the RMB exchange rate

在合理均衡水平上

at an adaptive, balanced level

大力发展科技金融、绿色金融、普惠金融、养老金融、数字金融。

We should boost the development of technology finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance, and digital finance.

注：

科技金融、绿色金融、普惠金融、养老金融、数字金融

technology finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance, digital finance

大力发展……

boost the development of

优化融资增信、风险分担、信息共享等配套措施，更好满足中小微企业融资需求。

To better meet the fundraising needs of micro, small, and medium enterprises, supporting measures such as credit enhancement, risk sharing, and information sharing should be improved.

注：

中小微企业

micro, small, and medium enterprises

满足融资需求

meet the fundraising needs

配套措施

supporting measures

融资增信

credit enhancement

风险分担

risk sharing

信息共享