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案例解析 | 毕业工签真的那么容易申请吗?

BROVISA BROVISA移民顾问团队
2024-11-12

虽然疫情期间加拿大入境做了系列限制,但加拿大对留学生一直都算优待有佳。出台了包括在线学习可算毕业工签申请时限、只要学校在指定清单即可赦免入境一系列利好政策。同时相比澳洲和美国等国想靠读书移民的难度来说,去加拿大留学只要想留下来拿绿卡,机会绝对要大很多。


而对于留学生来说,想留下来的重点手段之一就是好好利用毕业后工签(Post-graduation Work Permit, PGWP)。留学生在加拿大读书毕业之后根据留学时间可以申请1-3年的毕业后工签。申请人可以利用工签积累境内工作经验走联邦CEC项目或雇主担保省提名项目。甚至类似BC省、NL省、安省等只要读指定课程无需雇主即可实现移民,而最新出台的NB省更是出台了新政策只要拿到大学通知书同时满足其它条件即可移民。


毕业工签申请的基本条件如下:


(i) had a valid study permit when applying for the work permit; 


(ii) continuously studied full time in Canada and completed a program of study of at least eight months in duration; and


(iii) completed and passed the program of study at a qualified educational institution, and received written notification from the institution that they are eligible to obtain a degree, diploma or certificate.


这里要普及一个知识点,就是毕业工签并非是移民法IRPA及IRPR的内容。毕业工签属于从加拿大移民法规IRPR延伸出来的条款,可以理解为是部长令。条款授权移民部长制定相关工签颁发细则,用来提高加拿大经济或学校国际竞争力。


PGWP derives from section 205 of the IRPR, which grants the Minister the authority to create programs allowing foreign nationals to receive work permits where the Minister deems it necessary for reasons of public policy relating to the competitiveness of Canada’s academic institutions or economy: IRPR, s 205(c)(ii); 

    (ii) limited access to the Canadian labour market is necessary for reasons of public policy relating to the competitiveness of Canada’s academic institutions or economy; or


但是很多同学对毕业工签申请不是很重视。总觉得这是随便申请就能拿到的。其实这种想法是很危险的,任何签证申请都是存在风险点的。按照移民局公布的数据来看,每年毕业工签被拒的数量并不算少数。而其中主要的原因包括未能在有效期内递交申请、中途旷课随意休学、挂科、申请材料不齐、申请意图表达错误等。

本次小编挑选的两个典型案例,希望能给同学们一定警示⚠️:一个是因为第一次毕业工签材料不齐被拒后第二次又错过90天有效期被拒,所幸司法审查翻案;而另一个同学就没那么幸运了。超期申请、申请意图表达不到位导致签证被拒司法审查也失败了...


下面跟小编一起看看是怎么回事吧。


 案例一


2016年,K同学拿到了安省Sarnia’s Lambton College的offer顺利申请学签入学。学签有效期截止到2018年11月30日。2018年8月正式毕业。10月2日,K同学终于收到学校寄到的transcripts。证书上证明K同学顺利于2018年8月完成学校课程准予毕业。但是还未收到毕业完成证书等材料。之后K同学立马提交申请。12月4日,移民局以K同学提交的材料不足拒绝了她的工签申请。并提示k同学境内TR身份已经过期,可以在90天内提交身份恢复申请(Restoration)。


之后K同学终于拿到了毕业证等学历证书,于12月25日立马重新提交了毕业工签及身份恢复申请。19年3月,签证官再次以相关申请费用未缴纳理由拒绝了申请。19年4月,K同学又再次提交了申请,要求签证官对审理重新考虑。同时又提请了司法审查。


5月2日,签证官再次拒绝了K同学毕业工签审理。同时身份恢复申请也超过了90天时限(已改成180天)要求,K同学已经丧失合法境内身份,必须出境。


拒签的理由之一就是签证官以2018年8月作为K同学毕业时间。该名签证官在GCMS做了标注:


...Application W304010xx was received at CPCE on December 26, 2018. Client submitted evidence of course completion at Lambton College Business Management. Foreign students in Canada are eligible for a work permit for post-graduation employment if they submit an application within 90 days of issuance of notification that they have successfully completed all of the requirements for their course of studies or program. Client submitted evidence she graduated August 17,2018, via copy of diploma. Client submit transcripts date October 02, 2018 however client was first notified on August 17, 2018, as she received her diploma. Client was required to apply for work permit on or before November 15, 2018, to be eligible for a work permit in this category. Client does not meet the eligibility of the new guidelines as application was submitted prior to February 14, 2019. Application has been re-opened and refused for not eligible to apply under this category. Advised client she no longer has status and must leave Canada.


所幸,联邦法院认定签证官的审理结果不合理,因为K同学正式收到毕业证书不是8月。毕业工签90日申请时限是以“实际拿到”开始计算的。


 In this regard, I reject the Minister’s argument that it was “reasonable to rely on the graduation certificate dates because the Applicants acknowledged that they knew they graduated in August 2018 and received their certificate in November 2018,” for two reasons. First, the PGWP-PDI is clear that the time for application runs not from the date that an applicant graduates or “knows” they graduated, but from the date they receive written confirmation from the institution. Second, the argument relies on the very evidence filed on these applications that the Minister correctly submits should not be considered since it was not before the officer

最终,K同学拒签翻案,K同学的案子发回移民移交给另一个签证官重审。


 案例二


接下来这位同学就没那么幸运了。


2015年,B同学拿到了University of Ottawa的offer顺利申请学签入学。学签有效期截止到2017年8月31日。毕业后B同学错过了在90天内申请毕业工签。于17年10月才递工签申请同时还有身份恢复申请。签证官认定B同学在递交时学签身份已经过期,身份恢复申请也因此被拒。B同学认定自己是在tr身份过期后的90天内递交了身份恢复申请,是符合规定的。于是递交了司法审查。


联邦法院在审理后认定,B同学身份恢复申请的目的不是恢复到学签状态,而是以申请毕业工签为目的的。而按照IRPA s.182(1)的规定,身份恢复的意图是需要恢复到对应的访问签/学签/工签才行。


...Where a foreign national is seeking temporary residence as a student, an officer shall issue a study permit where, among other conditions, the foreign national has been accepted to undertake a program of study at a designated learning institution...

 ...regardless of the status previously held. Consequently, she argues she needed only to establish that she met the requirements for a PGWP, not a study permit ...In seeking restoration of her study permit, Ms. Ofori had no intention to pursue further studies. 


B同学也因为在申请毕业工签时学签申请已经过期,因此也不符合毕业工签申请条件。B同学的司法审查失败。



后话


既然走出留学这一步,就要好好学习不要浪费时间和金钱。建议不要随意旷课、经常挂科从而给自己境内身份惹一身麻烦。同时,也不要错过签证申请有效期,身份过期后想通过身份恢复来补救有时候并不好使。目前的政策下,学签身份不能恢复到工签或者访问签,反之亦然。


最后是,莫要轻视任何阶段的签证申请,找一个靠谱的顾问/律师准备文案往往是事半功倍的。



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