期刊导航 | Urban Studies文章精选(151-154）
为了更好地传播知识，推动期刊国际合作，本刊与 Urban Studies 杂志达成网络合作，不定期推送友刊的精选文章摘要。读者们可以借此了解国际城市研究的新动向，同时学习城市研究领域学术英文的正规表达。欢迎大家批评指正。
Abstract: This Introduction to the special issue, ‘Comparative Methods for Global Urban Studies’, outlines the basis for a reformatted comparative method inspired by the complex spatialities of the urban world. The articles in the volume each bring forward innovative approaches to comparative methods which support wider conceptualisations of urban processes and urban experiences. The articles in this volume consider a wide range of urban contexts and collectively move beyond geopolitically imprecise propositions of ‘southern’ urbanism to embrace the wider comparative agenda of thinking with both the diversity and the profound interconnectedness of the urban globally. The articles contribute to decentring urban studies, opening conceptualisation to a range of different contexts and differently positioned writers. They also speak to the analytical and methodological challenges posed by current trends in global urbanisation, as dispersed, fragmented and extending over vast territories. Thinking with the multiple elsewheres of any urban context invites a comparative imagination – this introduction draws together the creative ways in which authors in this volume have responded to this potential. Processes of conceptualisation both emerge from and more acutely reveal the spatiality and nature of the global urban: comparative method, then, also proposes a certain mode of theorisation of the urban.
Disposable infrastructures: ‘Micromobility’ platforms and the political economy of transport disruption in Austin, Texas
一次性基础设施：得克萨斯州奥斯汀的“微型移动”平台和交通混乱的政治经济
摘要：过去十年，基于数字平台的交通服务迅速兴起，开始改变城市交通。无桩自行车和踏板车——或“微出行”——代表了最新的投资视野，尤其是在美国。微出行平台启动迅速，无需公共规划或资金，也没有固定的基础设施，使用存放在公共空间的连接GPS的廉价车辆。这些平台代表了交通新自由主义化的深化，其中私有平台的蓬勃发展催生了基础设施的生命政治学属性。本文探讨了2018年初得克萨斯州奥斯汀市关于微出行平台监管的公开辩论。基于对城市官员和共享单车专业人士的访谈、对公开会议的观察和对使用数据的GIS分析，我们认为，我们观察到的与新的微出行平台相关的冲突（特别是“混乱”、地理覆盖范围的公平性和数据隐私）掩盖了与平台化和紧缩（限制了现有的基于公共车站的共享单车系统的有效性）相关的、更深层次的政治经济问题。在奥斯汀，寻求无需公共支出的“创新”微型交通运输的努力使本已不足的公交系统资金进一步受到侵蚀。我们认为，尽管美国现有的微出行平台看起来灵活、低碳，但它们在很大程度上利用而不是解决了城市公共交通供应的不足。
Willem Boterman（荷兰阿姆斯特丹大学）
首次出版时间：2022/5/12｜研究论文
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has boosted public and scholarly debate about the relationship between infectious disease and the urban. Cities are considered contagious because they are hubs in (inter)national networks and contain high densities of people. However, the role of the urban and population density in the spread of pathogens is complex and is mediated by the wider bio-social environment. This paper analyses the role of population density in the outbreak of COVID-19 in the densely and highly urbanised context of the Netherlands. It compares the geography of the different phases in the epidemic and assesses when and where density plays a role. Using municipal data on the rate of infections and hospitalisations, this paper reveals that spatial patterns differ substantially in time, which does not appear to be simple diffusion. Using panel regressions, it is demonstrated that population density plays a role in those stages in which containment and mitigation measures were least strict, while in periods of lockdown other factors such as household size are associated with higher infection rates. It concludes that lockdowns may have greater effect in urban areas as key urban elements are temporarily cancelled out.
Abstract: Migration industry has recently emerged as a lens through which to theorise the intertwinement of non-state actors who aim to provide diverse migration-pertaining services. However, while much of their work is done in and through cities, consequently (re)forming variegated urban landscapes, scholarly literature has thus far neglected the nexus between cities and the migration industry. In this special issue, we begin filling this gap by exploring the significance of migration industries – as a resurgent concept and an area of research from migration studies – for understanding the urban. We start by reviewing the urbanisation of migration studies, highlighting its key limits. We then move on to introduce the migration industries debate, pointing out its existing implicit urban dimensions. We proceed by elaborating our main argument about why and how migration industries provide an especially productive lens for urbanists to consider. Specifically, we stress the three key analytical vantage points that the attention to migration industries enables us to see as central to contemporary city-making. These are its political-economic embeddedness, the urban-constitutive nature of trans-local connectivities, and how business-driven city-making dovetails with more serendipitous, bottom-up shaping of the arrival city. Each of these points also describes how individual papers speak to them. We conclude by briefly outlining a research agenda for migration industries that is thoughtfully embroiled in the (post-)pandemic urban.
搭建中国城市研究学者交流切磋的学术平台
UrbanStudiesJournal
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