新外交热词:“是非曲直”应如何地道翻译?中方对乌局势表态!
时隔多年,乌克兰局势再次成为全世界人民关注的焦点。
当地时间2022年2月21日,俄罗斯总统普京发表全国视频讲话,宣布承认乌东民间武装自称的“顿涅茨克人民共和国”和“卢甘斯克人民共和国”为独立国家。
今天早上,联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯(António Guterres)发表声明指出,俄方的决定侵犯了乌克兰的主权和领土完整,不符合《联合国宪章》的原则。
联合国秘书长声明全文
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The Secretary-General is greatly concerned by the decision by the Russian Federation related to the status of certain areas of Donetsk and Luhansk regions of Ukraine.
联合国秘书长古特雷斯对俄罗斯有关乌克兰顿涅茨克和卢甘斯克部分地区地位的决定深感关切。
He calls for the peaceful settlement of the conflict in eastern Ukraine, in accordance with the Minsk Agreements, as endorsed by the Security Council in resolution 2202 (2015).
他呼吁各方按照安理会第2202(2015)号决议所认可的《明斯克协议》,和平解决乌克兰东部的冲突。
The Secretary-General considers the decision of the Russian Federation to be a violation of the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Ukraine and inconsistent with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations.
秘书长认为,俄罗斯的决定侵犯了乌克兰的领土完整和主权,不符合《联合国宪章》的原则。
The United Nations, in line with the relevant General Assembly resolutions, remains fully supportive of the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of Ukraine, within its internationally recognized borders.
联合国根据联大有关决议,仍然完全支持乌克兰在其国际公认边界内的主权、独立和领土完整。
The Secretary-General urges all relevant actors to focus their efforts on ensuring an immediate cessation of hostilities, protection of civilians and civilian infrastructure, preventing any actions and statements that may further escalate the dangerous situation in and around Ukraine and prioritizing diplomacy to address all issues peacefully.
秘书长敦促所有相关各方集中努力,确保立即停止敌对行动,保护平民和民用基础设施,防止任何可能使乌克兰境内及周边危险局势进一步升级的行动及言论,并优先开展外交活动,和平解决所有问题。
(来源:联合国新闻)
中国常驻联合国代表也对乌东局势进行了表态:
The current situation in Ukraine is the result of many complex factors. China always makes its own position according to the merits of the matter itself. We believe that all countries should solve international disputes by peaceful means in line with the purposes and principles of the UN charter.
乌克兰局势发展到目前状况,是一系列复杂因素共同作用的结果。中国一贯按照事情本身的是非曲直决定自身立场,主张各国根据联合国宪章的宗旨和原则,和平解决国际争端。
“事情的是非曲直”可以翻译成 the merits of the matter。
merit 最常见的意思是“优点;优秀品质”
短语 the merits of sth 表示:
the advantages something has compared to something else (相比之下…的)优点,好处
例句:
We discussed the merits of herbal tea.
我们讨论了药草茶的好处。
如果你去查词典,会发现 merit 并没有“是非曲直”的含义。那它为什么可以翻译成“是非曲直”呢?
实际上,复数形式的 merits 是个法律术语:
In law, merits are the inherent rights and wrongs of a legal case, absent of any emotional or technical bias.
在法律中,merits指法律案件固有的是非对错,不存在任何的情感或专业性的偏差。
(Wikipedia)
有个短语 on its merits 指“根据事情本身的特点;根据是非曲直”
例句:
I am ready to judge any book on its merits.
我会根据每本书自身的性质来对其进行评判。
You can decide the case on its merits.
你可以根据事情本身的是非曲直去判断。
再来学几个和该事件相关的英文表达吧。
1
// 俄罗斯乌克兰边境“局势紧张”
“局势紧张”我们可以用 tension 这个词。
tension /ˈten.ʃən/
n. a feeling of fear or anger between two groups of people who do not trust each other
(互不信任的人群之间的)紧张关系;紧张局势
此时,既可作可数名词(多用复数)也可作不可数名词。
NPR就用了 Russia-Ukraine tensions 这个表达。
另外,也可以用 tension 的形容词 tense。
tense /tens/
adj. If a situation is tense, it causes feelings of worry or nervousness.
(局势)令人紧张的
“紧张局势”就是 tense situation
例句:
"Ukraine is facing a tense situation now, so we must firmly watch how it could affect Japan’s economy,” Finance Minister Shunichi Suzuki said at a briefing on Tuesday.
“乌克兰现在面临着紧张的局势,所以我们必须密切关注它可能对日本经济产生的影响,”日本财务大臣铃木俊一在周二的一次简报会上说。
(The Japan Times)
2
// 普京下令俄向顿巴斯派遣“维和部队”
“维和部队”英文叫做 peacekeeping force,简称PKF
“开展维和行动”可以翻译成 conduct peacekeeping operations
例句:
Russian President Vladimir Putin on Monday recognized two regions in Ukraine as independent and ordered Russian troops to conduct peacekeeping operations there.
俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京周一承认乌克兰的两个地区是独立的,并命令俄罗斯军队在那里开展维和行动。
(NPR)
3
// 多国宣布将对俄罗斯进行“制裁”
“制裁”的英文是 sanction
sanction /ˈsæŋk.ʃən/
该词为可数名词,通常用复数形式
可搭配动词 impose 或 place
例句:
US President Joe Biden plans to impose new sanctions on trade and financing in the territories, the White House said. The executive order will also allow the US to place sanctions on anyone operating in those areas.
白宫表示,美国总统乔·拜登计划对这些领土的贸易和融资实施新的制裁。该行政命令还将允许美国对在这些地区进行经营活动的任何人进行制裁。
(CNN)
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