外卖app真能做到超快配送吗?| 双语解析
早在二十一世纪初,外卖服务就已经诞生。随着手机应用的出现,这项服务越发受到人们的青睐,而许多投资者也把目光聚焦于外卖行业。经过几年的发展,外卖平台正面临着前所未有的挑战——既要从同类中脱颖而出,还要应对监管规则和安全问题带来的压力。
今天的文章将从多个角度解读外卖平台的生存困境。文中还有许多相关实用表达,让我们一起来学习吧!
学习要点
除了popular还可以如何表达“风靡一时”
“外卖骑手”的多种表达
什么是Q-commerce,它和e-commerce的关系?
了解美国的城市分区法
带着问题去精读
*文章来源:AP News
*对应译文由译介翻译团队完成,仅供参考。不当之处欢迎大家在评论区讨论。
*译者:Jasmine
*审校:Jennifer ;排版:Joan
▲ 如需人工翻译服务,请联系微信号kevinssf !
1
精读原文
Latest apps promise fast service but can they deliver?
时下流行的外卖应用承诺快速送达,但它们真能做到吗?
When Mahlet Berhanemeskel gets back to her New York City home from her 90-minute commute, she doesn’t feel like cooking. So instead she orders food from an app called Gorillas. It’s affordable and takes 10 minutes. “It’s instant gratification,” she said.
当马赫莱特•伯哈内梅斯克尔(Mahlet Berhanemeskel)历经90分钟的通勤回到她在纽约的家时,她丝毫不想做饭。于是,她转而在一款名为Gorillas*的外卖应用上订餐。价格实惠,而且只需10分钟。她说:“这让我有一种即时的满足感”。
* Gorillas于2020年5月在柏林成立,是一家在线送货的初创企业,它号称以零售价格配送日常用品并平均在10分钟以内送达。下文出现的Gopuff和DoorDash等也属于类似的电商平台。
📒 精读解析:
No.1
deliver verb /dɪˈlɪvə(r)/
标题涉及到deliver的两种含义和用法。
① 表示“履行承诺,兑现诺言”,可以搭配promise。
【例句】
He has promised to finish the job by June and I am sure he will deliver.
他答应在六月底完成这项工作,我相信他会履行诺言。
搭配介词on的用法:
Products that deliver on customer expectations
达到顾客期望值的产品
They failed to deliver on their promises. 他们没有履行诺言。
② 表示“递送,交付”
可以搭配service/letter/goods等。
【例句】
South Africa's municipalities are in crisis with many local governments insolvent and unable to deliver basic services like water and sanitation.
南非的市政当局正处于危机之中,许多地方政府资不抵债,无法提供水和卫生设施等基本服务。
They set off to deliver supplies to an isolated village.
他们出发把物资运送到一座偏僻的村庄。
No.2
commute verb/noun /kəˈmjuːt/
表示“通勤”,既可以作名词又可以作动词,本段中为名词形式。
① verb
搭配地点,不及物动词的用法:
1) ~ (from A) to B
【例句】
We chose to live out of town and commute to work every day.
我们决意住在城外, 每天通勤上班。
It's exhausting commuting from Brighton to London every day.
每天上下班要往返于布赖顿与伦敦之间,令人疲惫不堪。
2) ~ between A and B
【例句】
McLaren began commuting between Philadelphia and New York.
麦克拉伦开始在费城和纽约之间通勤。
及物动词的用法:
【例句】
People are prepared to commute long distances if they are desperate for work.
极需得到工作的人会愿意长途乘车往返上下班。
② noun
【例句】
a two-hour commute into downtown Washington
去华盛顿中心区两小时的上下班路程
Most states in the New York metropolitan region have commute times well above national averages.
纽约大都会区的大多数州,通勤时间远高于全国平均水平。
No.3
写作积累
instant gratification经常搭配出现在句子中。
instant表示“即刻的,马上的”,比如形容某件事为instant success,即表示“一炮打响,立马获得成功”;
instant还可以表示“速食的”,如速溶咖啡是instant coffee。
gratification是动词gratify的名词形式,表示满足和喜悦。
instant gratification指一种当下的满足感,可用于形容给予人即时乐趣的事物,比如电视节目或电子游戏等。
【例句】
A feed will usually provide instant gratification to a crying baby.
喂食通常可使正在哭闹的婴儿立即得到满足。
People who have the ability to reject instant gratification in favor of something better are more likely to attain aims and goals.
只有不受一时满足的诱惑而继续努力,才有可能实现目标。
TED演讲:一种可以改变癌症疗法的“活体药物”
2
精读原文
Gorillas is one of several companies that venture capitalists have poured billions into in the latest pandemic delivery craze: companies that promise to get you a bottle of Tylenol, an iced coffee, hummus, a cucumber or a roll of paper towels in 30 minutes — or even 15 minutes — or less. They typically deliver from mini-warehouses in residential and commercial neighborhoods.
最近,风靡全球的外卖行业引发投资热潮,Gorillas便是吸引风险投资家投入巨额资金的几家公司之一。这些公司承诺在30分钟(甚至15分钟)或更短时间内为消费者配送泰诺(感冒药)、冰咖啡、鹰嘴豆泥、黄瓜或纸巾等商品。而发货地点通常是位于住宅区和商业区的小型仓库。
📒 精读解析:
Gorillas is one of several companies //that venture capitalists have poured billions into //in the latest pandemic delivery craze: //companies that promise to get you a bottle of Tylenol, an iced coffee, hummus, a cucumber or a roll of paper towels in 30 minutes — or even 15 minutes — or less.
首先来看一下句型结构。
① 第一句的主干很短:Gorillas is one of several companies,后面的部分均为修饰成分;
② that引导的定语从句修饰companies,还原之后是venture capitalists have poured billions into (companies)in the latest pandemic delivery craze;
③ 冒号后面的companies+that从句是对companies的进一步解释说明。
No.1
pandemic noun/adj /pænˈdemɪk/
pandemic通常指“(全国或全球性)大流行病”,而在本段中作形容词,表示“流行的,普遍的”。pandemic用来修饰craze,可以理解为这种热潮的流行范围很广。
【例句】
pandemic fear of nuclear war 对于核战争的普遍恐惧
【近义词辨析】pandemic vs epidemic
这对近义词经常让人感到困惑而难以分辨,但其实它们并不能随意互换使用。根据韦氏词典的释义,当epidemic出现时,即一种疾病在大范围内传播,许多人同时患病。但如果传播进一步蔓延,波及到更广泛的区域,感染更多人口,则epidemic升级为pandemic。
简而言之,pandemic较epidemic覆盖范围更广,程度更严重。比如,2020年3月11日,世界卫生组织正式将对新冠疫情的定义由epidemic改为pandemic。
No.2
craze noun /kreɪz/
表示狂热;风行一时的东西
用法:craze for sth
【例句】
She started a craze for this type of jewellery. 她为这类首饰掀起了一股时尚热潮。
【近义词拓展】
表示“风靡一时”的其他说法:
① mania noun /ˈmeɪniə/ 狂热
【例句】
The mania over ride-sharing and delivery companies has at times been absurd.
对拼车和外卖公司的狂热有时堪称荒谬。
② fad noun /fæd/ 一时的风尚;短暂的狂热
【例句】
Rap music proved to be more than just a passing fad.
事实证明,说唱音乐并不是昙花一现。
③ boom noun /buːm/(某种体育运动、音乐等)突然风靡
【例句】
The only way to satisfy the golf boom was to build more courses.
满足这场高尔夫球热的唯一途径是增建球场。
the boom in youth soccer in the U.S. 美国的青年足球热
④ fever noun /ˈfiːvə(r)/ 狂热
【例句】
The whole country seems to be in the grip of football fever.
全国似乎都陷入了对足球的狂热中。
⑤ take off 大受欢迎;迅速流行
【例句】
The new magazine has really taken off.
这份新杂志真是大受欢迎。
我们经常说的xx热,就可以用到以上词汇,比如最近刘畊宏引发的健身热,可以表达为the latest fitness craze;keep-fit mania;a craze for physical fitness。
举一反三,“汉语热”可以说the craze for Chinese language或者Chinese language mania。
谈论某部剧或电影热度很高,可以用take off,比如The Economist某篇文章的标题为:The movies: “Top Gun” takes off,意思是说《壮志凌云》这部电影大热,激发了人们的观影热情。
需要注意的是,fad一词通常强调一时的潮流,流行时间短暂,有昙花一现的含义。
3
精读原文
Experts say they are unprofitable. Bigger companies are nonetheless muscling in. And officials in European cities and in New York, which has become the U.S. launching pad, have already started complaining about how they operate, saying it’s bad for employees and residents.
专家们认为这些外卖公司是无利可图的。尽管如此,大型公司依然在强行进军外卖市场。一些欧洲城市和纽约(已成为外卖公司在美国开展业务的跳板)的官方部门已经开始抱怨这些公司的运营方式,认为这对其员工以及当地居民十分不利。
📒 精读解析:
And officials in European cities and in New York, which has become the U.S. launching pad, have already started complaining about how they operate, saying it’s bad for employees and residents.
在第二句话中,主干为officials 【in European cities and in New York+定语从句】have already started complaining 【about how they operate】,which引导的定语从句修饰New York,宾语从句how they operate解释抱怨的内容,saying的逻辑主语是officials。
长难句太复杂,看得一个头两个大?
欢迎加入译介·外刊精读课!专业老师带你搞定长难句!
(不只有图文,还有视频解析哦!)
No.1
muscle in
to use your power to get involved in or take control of something that someone else was doing, especially in business 强行干涉、介入(含贬义)
用法:该动词短语后面接名词或名词短语时,需要加介词on
【例句】
Banks are muscling in on the insurance business.
银行也在插手保险业务。
Emerging-market makers, in places such as Russia, are keen to muscle in.
俄罗斯等地的新兴市场生产商也渴望强行挤入该市场。
生命故事 第2集: 茁壮成长
No.2
launching pad(或launch pad)
该短语的本意是(武器或航天器的)发射台,引申含义为(帮助某人开始做某事的)跳板。
【例句】
She regards the job as a launching pad for her career in the media.
她把这份工作当作她从事媒体职业的跳板。
Soap operas have long been a launch pad for film actors.
长期以来,肥皂剧一直都是电影演员走红的跳板。
4
精读原文
“The problem I see is that quick commerce players, despite the huge valuations enjoyed and the seemingly unstoppable money flow that they get to grow, at some point they will have to find a path to profitability,” said Bain partner Marc-Andre Kamel, the co-author of a recent report on the online grocery market.
“我发现的问题是,尽管快速商务公司享有巨额估值,以及似乎势不可挡的资金流增长,但在某些时候,它们将不得不找寻一条有利可图的发展道路,”贝恩咨询公司的合伙人马克•安德烈•卡梅尔(Marc-Andre Kamel)如是说。最近,马克与他人共同撰写了一份关于电商平台市场的报告。
📒 精读解析:
No.1
quick commerce
quick commerce是一个新兴的商业概念,我们先来看一下它的英文释义:Quick commerce is a one-of-a-kind business concept in which products and services are delivered within 10 to 30 minutes after purchasing. It concentrates on smaller amounts of fewer commodities, such as food, personal hygiene products, stationery, and over-the-counter medications。
在快速商务模式下,消费者购买的产品(食品、个人卫生用品、文具用品和非处方药品等)可以在几十分钟或几小时之内送达。快速商务属于电子商务(e-commerce)的一种类型,简写为Q-commerce,它将传统的电子商务模式和速递服务相结合,是近几年的热门发展趋势。
在本段中quick commerce作前置定语修饰players,而player这个单词本身有参与者,竞争者的含义,可以视不同语境进行灵活处理,这里它显然指的是参与快速商务的公司或企业。
No.2
get+动词不定式
这里介绍一个关于get的小语法点:get+动词不定式,在口语中比较常见。
① 表示可以做到,有机会做到
【例句】
We didn’t get to see her because she was too busy.
我们没有见到她,因为她太忙了。
② 表示“逐渐发展”,本段中便是这种用法。
【例句】
You’ll get to speak English more easily as time goes by.
时间长了,你的英语就会说得流利些。
Wayne is getting to be a lovely kid. 韦恩那孩子越长越招人喜欢了。
灵书妙探 第五季 第7集
5
精读原文
Services are already shutting down. Other delivery companies are having growing pains. Gorillas dropped its “10 minutes” delivery promise from its U.S. marketing — now it’s just “in minutes”. Gopuff recently laid off 3% of its workforce — more than 400 people.
有些外卖公司已经关门大吉,而其他公司正在经历发展初期的阵痛。Gorillas最初在美国营销时的口号是“10分钟送达”,但现在已经更换为“即刻送达”。Gopuff最近解雇了3%的员工,其数量逾400人。
📒 精读解析:
No.1
shut down
(工厂、商店或机器等)关张;停业;停止运转
【例句】
Wireless carriers have shut down networks before.
无线运营商以前也曾关闭过网络。
shutdown作名词,表示同样的含义。
【例句】
Environmental groups had called for the permanent shutdown of the plant.
环境保护团体呼吁永久关闭这家工厂。
No.2
growing pains
(儿童)生长痛,发育期痛;(引申含义)发展初期的困难,成长中的烦恼。
【例句】
One may have growing pains, encounter troubles and suffer adversities.
你可能在成长中遇到烦恼,麻烦缠身,身陷逆境。
No.3
drop v.
drop在本段的含义为停止做某事。
【例句】
You can’t expect me to drop everything whenever you’re in town.
你不能指望你一进城我就得放下手头的所有事情。
Let's drop the formalities — please call me Mike.
咱们不必拘礼,叫我迈克好了。
No.4
lay off
① 解雇,裁员
【例句】
Disney recently laid off 28,000 workers from its covid-hit theme parks.
受疫情影响,迪士尼最近解雇了旗下主题公园的2.8万名员工。
laid-off作定语,通常搭配workers或者employees,指“下岗职工”。
② 口语中常用lay off somebody(sth)表示让人停止做某事,别再打扰某人,放过某人。
【例句】
I think you'd better lay off fatty foods for a while.
我认为你最好暂时别吃油腻的食物。
摩登家庭 第十一季 第17集
6
精读原文
It’s not a sustainable business model, says Len Sherman, an adjunct professor at Columbia University’s business school. “There is going to be a lot of consolidation on some very painful terms.”Getir, a Turkish company that operates in Europe as well as Boston, Chicago and New York, said the key to profitability is adding more mini-warehouses in the cities where it delivers.
哥伦比亚大学商学院兼职教授莱恩•谢尔曼(Len Sherman)认为,这并非一种可持续发展的商业模式。“它需要在异常艰难的条件下进行大量的整合。”在欧洲以及波士顿、芝加哥和纽约经营的土耳其公司Getir表示,盈利的关键是在其提供配送服务的城市增加更多的小型仓库。
📒 精读解析:
No.1
adjunct noun /ˈædʒʌŋkt/
附属物,补充,辅助
【例句】
Physical therapy is an important adjunct to drug treatments.
物理治疗是对药物治疗的重要补充。
本段中的adjunct professor(a professor employed by a college or university for a specific purpose or length of time and often part-time)指兼职教授,其工作内容与专职教授大致相同,但聘用方式通常为兼职的合同制。
7
精读原文
The company recently raised $768 million, valuing it at close to $12 billion, and plans to expand in the U.S. Customers range from people “ordering a late night ice cream to somebody who is doing a full grocery shop for the week for a family and everything in between,” Getir’s head of U.S. operations said.
该公司最近募集了7.68亿美元,其估值接近120亿美元,并计划扩展在美业务。Getir的美国业务负责人表示,有些顾客会在深夜点冰激凌,有些则为全家采买一周生活用品,其用户群体的覆盖范围十分广泛。
📒 精读解析:
No.1
grocery noun /ˈɡrəʊsəri/
grocery在口语和报刊杂志中十分常见,它主要有两层含义,一种指商店本身,一种指商店出售的日用百货。下文中出现的grocer也同样可以表示“杂货店”,但同时也可以指“销售食品杂货的商人”。
① 表示食品杂货店(在美式英语中grocery store常用以指supermarket)。
【例句】
He was employed at the local grocery store as a delivery boy.
他受雇于当地超市当送货员。
grocery shop在口语可以单独作动词,表示采购,也可以搭配其他动词:do/go grocery shopping(或do grocery shop)。
【例句】
Before you go grocery shopping, put a laundry basket in your trunk.
在购物之前,将一个洗衣篮放置到车厢中。
美国谍梦 第三季 第1集
无耻之徒(美版) 第七季 第8集
② 表示食品杂货,常以复数形式出现。
【例句】
The money the sisters sent her each month covered the groceries but little else.
姐妹们每个月寄来的那点钱基本只够买日用品。
8
精读原文
Lee Hnetinka, the founder of FastAF, a delivery company with a two-hour delivery model in New York, San Francisco and Los Angeles, said profitability is “just not a priority” right now as it invests in customer experience, saying their strategy is a long-term one and pointing to Amazon’s early beginnings when it too was unprofitable.
FastAF是一家在纽约、旧金山和洛杉矶实行两小时配送模式的外卖公司,其创始人李•赫尼廷卡(Lee Hnetinka)表示,由于公司实行的是长期战略并且正在着力提升客户体验,因此增加收益“并非当务之急”,同时指出亚马逊在创业早期也是无利可图的。
There are new competitive threats from established restaurant delivery companies DoorDash, Grubhub and Uber and grocery delivery service Instacart that have noticed the appeal of the fast-delivery apps.
老牌餐饮外卖公司DoorDash、Grubhub和优步(Uber)以及日用品外卖公司Instacart也在外卖应用的吸引之下于近期加入了竞争行列。
📒 精读解析:
No.1
established adj /ɪˈstæblɪʃt/
该形容词是动词establish的过去分词形式,通常用作前置定语,修饰名词或名词短语。
① 形容事物,表示“早已确立的,早已投入使用的”
【例句】
well-established teaching methods
被广泛采用的教学方法
They are an established company with a good reputation.
他们是一家地位稳固、信誉良好的公司。
② 形容人,表示“资深的,著名的”
【例句】
an established professor of French literature 资深的法国文学教授
Degree courses have traditionally focused on the established great writers of the past.
学位课程的内容一直以来都集中于过去的知名作家。
9
精读原文
Uber is partnering with Gopuff and FastAF, letting people choose those companies’ items inside the Uber app. Uber also delivers from local grocers, although the delivery times are often over 30 minutes. And Instacart is planning 15-minute delivery, starting with customers of grocery chain Publix in Atlanta and Miami.
优步正与Gopuff和FastAF开展合作,让人们能够在优步的手机应用内选购另外两家公司的商品。优步也从当地商店送货,但送货时间往往超过30分钟。而Instacart正计划实行15分钟送达服务,先从亚特兰大和迈阿密的连锁商店Publix的顾客开始。
📒 精读解析:
No.1
partner verb /ˈpɑːtnə(r)/
partner作名词比较常见,但它其实还可以作动词,表示与某人搭档(比如在游戏或舞蹈中),表示合作时通常搭配介词with。
【例句】
The shelters have partnered with local schools in the effort.
这些收容所与当地学校合作开展了这些项目。
They all divided up obediently; Harry partnered Neville as usual.
众人自动分开,哈利照例和纳威一组。
10
精读原文
It’s unclear how fast the services could be outside of the densest* U.S. cities, like New York, or the neighborhoods where they cluster in more sprawling cities. But in the bustling city, regulatory pressure may loom. New York City Council members have spoken out against the fast-delivery apps, saying they may be breaking zoning laws. The New York City Department of Buildings is working with other government agencies to “explore the appropriate zoning districts” for the mini-warehouses.
目前尚不清楚,在纽约等仓储最密集的美国城市之外,或者在不断扩张的城市,那些外卖服务集中的街区之外,配送的速度究竟有多快。但对于外卖行业发达的城市而言,监管压力可能迫在眉睫。纽约市议会的议员已经开始公开反对外卖应用,认为它们可能违反了分区法。纽约市楼宇局正与其他政府机构合作,为小型仓库“寻找合适的分区”。
* 根据完整的原文,这里的dense指供应链含义之下仓储或供货商店的密集程度。
📒 精读解析:
No.1
sprawl verb /sprɔːl/
① 伸开四肢坐(或躺)
用法:go sprawling 摔个四脚朝天
【例句】
I tripped on a stone and went sprawling on the pavement.
我被一块石头绊了一下,四仰八叉地摔在人行道上。
用法:send somebody sprawling 把某人摔趴在地
【例句】
Something hit her and sent her sprawling to the ground.
不知什么东西击中了她,把她打趴在地上。
② 蔓延;杂乱无序地拓展(尤指植物、城市和建筑群等)
【例句】
Municipal services are failing, too—not least because the city now sprawls over 139 square miles.
城市服务质量也在下降,尤其是在城市扩张了139多平方英里以后。
His large handwriting sprawled all over the paper.
他斗大的字凌乱地布满纸上。
本段中出现的sprawling为形容词形式,表示“(城市等)延伸,(无序)扩张”。可进一步引申为规模庞大的,比如sprawling metropolis指“超级大都市”,sprawling market指“广阔的市场”。
No.2
loom verb/noun /luːm/
① loom在文中的意思类似于appear,但更具“迫在眉睫”的意味。
该词语通常指事物的赫然耸现(带有一定的恐怖色彩),引申为危机、灾难和疾病等负面事件的出现。
【例句】
A dark shape loomed up ahead of us.
一个黑糊糊的影子隐隐出现在我们的前面。
The prospect of war loomed large. 战争的阴影在逼近,令人忧虑。
② loom作名词时指织布机。
【例句】
She sat at her loom and continued to weave.
她坐在织布机前,继续织布。
No.3
speak out (against sth)
to state your opinions publicly, especially in opposition to sth and in a way that takes courage 挺身(反对某事物);公开站出来(反对)
【例句】
He was given a standing ovation by supporters, but many other MPs spoke out angrily against the EU package.
支持者们对他起立鼓掌,但很多其他议员表示反对欧盟的方案。
黑袍纠察队 第一季 第6集
No.4
什么是分区法?
本段提到的zoning laws涉及到美国城市区域规划的相关法律知识。我们首先来看一下《朗文词典》中zoning的英文释义:a system of choosing areas to be developed for particular purposes, such as houses or shops, when planning a town。
《元照英美法词典》将zoning定义为分区制,指依据建筑物及设施等的性质和用途范围,将城市划分为若干个区,如工业区、商业区、住宅区等的制度。
那么zoning laws就是管理不同区域土地用途的规则和条例(Zoning laws refer to specific rules and regulations for pieces of land divided into “zones” by the government or a municipality)。
由于外卖速递服务属于新兴商业模式,现行的分区法尚无针对外卖商品仓储的相关规定,因此当那些小型仓库出现在住宅区时,则有可能会被视为违反了规定。
11
精读原文
There are also worries about delivery apps offering discounts that will squeeze local businesses like bodegas and convenience stores as well as concerns about the safety of delivery people. Manny Ramirez, who works for DoorDash and a service called Relay and is an organizer for Los Deliveristas Unidos, which advocates for better conditions for app delivery workers, says he has been badly injured by a car while on his bike twice in the past year, and is still in physical therapy. And the bigger the order, the more dangerous it is for the rider.
人们担心经常打折的外卖应用会挤垮当地的实体商店,如杂货店和便利店,同时还担心外卖人员的安全问题。曼尼•拉米雷斯(Manny Ramirez)为DoorDash以及另一家名为Relay的外卖平台工作,他还是外卖人员维权联盟*(Los Deliveristas Unidos)的组织者之一,该团体倡导改善外卖人员的工作条件。曼尼说,在过去一年中,他曾两次在骑行配送时遭遇严重车祸,现在仍在接受物理治疗。对骑手来说,订单越大,便愈加危险。
📒 精读解析:
Manny Ramirez, //who works for DoorDash and a service called Relay //and is an organizer for Los Deliveristas Unidos, //which advocates for better conditions for app delivery workers, //says he has been badly injured by a car //while on his bike twice in the past year, //and is still in physical therapy.
先来看一下本段的第二句话。
① 主干是:Manny Ramirez 【定语从句】 says (that) he has been badly injured by a car 【时间状语从句】, and is still in physical therapy。
② who引导的定语从句解释Manny Ramirez的双重身份,which引导的定语从句修饰“Los Deliveristas Unidos”。
③ while连接时间状语,省略了he was,即he has been badly injured by a car while (he was) on his bike twice in the past year。
No.1
Los Deliveristas Unidos
* Los Deliveristas Unidos是一个主要由移民外卖员组成的团体,旨在为这一弱势的临时工群体争取基本权利,如社会保障、雇佣合同、合理工资和工作安全等。该组织的名称是西班牙语(因为组织成员多为来自墨西哥的移民,而墨西哥的官方语言为西班牙语),目前没有常用的中文译名,这里暂译为“外卖人员维权联盟”。
No.2
squeeze verb /skwiːz/
① 对于squeeze我们较为熟悉的含义是(物理层面的)挤压、挤入,但在本段中,它指的是引申意义下的将……挤出(某个行业)。
【例句】
Supermarkets are squeezing out small shops.
超市正挤垮小商店。
② squeeze还可以表示金钱方面的减少,使负担加重,使经济拮据。
【例句】
a business squeezed by high costs and reduced sales
因开支大销售额减少而困难重重的企业
High interest rates have squeezed the industry hard.
高利率使这个行业举步维艰。
No.3
bodega noun /bəʊˈdeɪɡə/
该词语的常见含义包括“酒窖;酒店;(特指西班牙籍美国人的)小杂货店”。在本段中和grocery同义,指“杂货店,商店”。
No.4
如何表达“外卖骑手”
在本段中,作者分别用“app delivery workers”和“rider”表示外卖员,那么还有哪些其他的说法呢?
① 《纽约时报》的一篇文章用“delivery driver”表示外卖骑手。
Delivery drivers in Wuhan and across China offer a lifeline to millions of people barricaded in their homes during the coronavirus outbreak, but the work puts them at risk.
新冠疫情期间,对于武汉和中国其他地区上百万被困家中的居民而言,外卖骑手就是他们赖以生存的生命线,但这项工作却使外卖骑手面临风险。
② 《中国日报》的一篇双语文章里用到了“deliveryman”。
An article shedding light on China's food deliverymen became highly circulated on Chinese social media app WeChat on Tuesday.
周二,一篇聚焦外卖小哥的文章在微信上刷屏。
Based on narratives of a mixed group of food delivery service workers (especially deliveryman) and scholars, the article concludes food delivery is becoming one of the most high-risk occupations.
基于对外卖业内人士(特别是外卖小哥)和学者的采访,文章写道,食品外卖员已经成为高危职业之一。
③ 此外,英语里常用takeout表示“外卖(食品)”,因此有些外媒也会使用takeout courier,takeout deliveryman,takeout delivery driver等表示外卖送餐员。
【表达小结】
“风靡一时”的六种表达:
① craze (for sth)
② mania (over sth)
③ fad (for sth)
④ boom (in sth)
⑤ fever
⑥ sth take off
“外卖骑手”的四种表达:
① delivery worker/driver
② deliveryman
③ takeout courier/ deliveryman/delivery driver
④ rider
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