「Part 7」2023政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

LearnAndRecord 2023-03-25

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（二）如期打赢脱贫攻坚战，巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果。

2. We secured victory in the critical battle against poverty within the set time frame and consolidated and built on our gains in poverty alleviation.

注：

打赢脱贫攻坚战

secure victory in the critical battle against poverty

如期

within the set time frame

脱贫

poverty alleviation

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↓↓↓ 随时随地啃报告 ↓↓↓

全面建成小康社会最艰巨最繁重的任务在农村特别是在贫困地区。

The hardest, most arduous tasks in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects were in rural areas and in impoverished regions in particular.

注：

全面建成小康社会

building a moderately prosperous society in all respects

最艰巨最繁重的任务

the hardest, most arduous tasks

贫困地区

impoverished regions

📍arduous /ˈɑːdjʊəs/ 表示“艰苦的；艰难的”，英文解释为“involving a lot of effort and energy, especially over a period of time”，如：an arduous journey across the Andes 翻越安第斯山脉的艰苦之行。

📍impoverished 表示“赤贫的；不名一文的”，英文解释为“very poor; without money”如：impoverished peasants 贫困的农民，impoverished counties 贫困县。

坚持精准扶贫，聚焦“三区三州”等深度贫困地区，

We carried out a policy of targeted poverty alleviation, with a focus on deeply impoverished areas such as the three regions and the three prefectures.

注：

精准扶贫

targeted poverty alleviation

深度贫困地区

deeply impoverished areas

“三区三州”

the three regions and the three prefectures

📍prefecture 表示“（法、意、日等国的）地方行政区域；省；县；辖区”，英文解释为“an area of local government in some countries, for example France, Italy and Japan”。

📍三区三州的“三区”是指西藏自治区和青海、四川、甘肃、云南四省藏区及南疆的和田地区、阿克苏地区、喀什地区、克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州四地区；“三州”是指四川凉山州、云南怒江州、甘肃临夏州。三区三州是国家层面的深度贫困地区，是国家全面建成小康社会最难啃的“硬骨头”。The three regions refer to Tibet, the four southern Xinjiang prefectures of Hotan, Aksu, Kashi, and Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture of Kizilsu, and the Tibetan ethnic areas in Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai provinces. The three prefectures are Liangshan in Sichuan, Nujiang in Yunnan, and Linxia in Gansu.

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告：加大“三区三州”等深度贫困地区脱贫攻坚力度， We will intensify poverty alleviation in areas of extreme poverty like the "three regions and three prefectures,"

强化政策倾斜支持，优先保障脱贫攻坚资金投入，对脱贫难度大的县和村挂牌督战。

We weighted policy support toward these areas, provided funding for poverty alleviation efforts on a priority basis, and placed counties and villages facing difficulty in poverty alleviation under special supervision to ensure that they met poverty alleviation targets.

注：

优先

on a priority basis

挂牌督战

place ... under special supervision to ensure ...

脱贫难度大的县和村

counties and villages facing difficulty in poverty alleviation

深入实施产业、就业、生态、教育、健康、社会保障等帮扶，加强易地搬迁后续扶持，重点解决“两不愁三保障”问题，脱贫群众不愁吃、不愁穿，义务教育、基本医疗、住房安全有保障，饮水安全也有了保障。

We provided assistance to develop local industries and boost employment, ecological conservation, education, healthcare, social security and other fields of endeavor, strengthened follow-up support for people relocated from inhospitable areas, and made major efforts to meet the basic food and clothing needs of poor people and see that they had access to compulsory education, basic medical services, and safe housing and drinking water.

注：

生态（保护/建设）

ecological conservation

社会保障

social security

加强后续扶持

strengthen follow-up support

易地搬迁（人口）

people relocated from inhospitable areas

📍inhospitable /ˌɪn.hɒsˈpɪt.ə.bəl/ 1）表示“不好客的；不殷勤待客的”，英文解释为“not welcoming or generous to people who visit you”举个🌰：I'll have to cook them a meal or they'll think I'm inhospitable. 我得给他们做顿饭，否则他们会认为我不好客。

2）表示“（地区）难以居住的，条件恶劣的”，英文解释为“An inhospitable area is not suitable for humans to live in.”举个🌰：They had to trek for miles through inhospitable countryside. 他们不得不在条件恶劣的乡野艰苦跋涉数英里。

📍易地扶贫搬迁一般指易地扶贫。易地扶贫是指将生活在缺乏生存条件地区的贫困人口搬迁安置到其他地区，并通过改善安置区的生产生活条件、调整经济结构和拓展增收渠道，帮助搬迁人口逐步脱贫致富。

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告：做好易地搬迁后续扶持，We will provide follow-up support for people who have been relocated from inhospitable areas,

2021年报告：做好易地搬迁后续扶持， provide follow-up support for those who have been relocated from inhospitable areas,

2020年报告：加强易地扶贫搬迁后续扶持。Follow-up support will be provided to people relocated from inhospitable areas.

2019年报告：精准脱贫有力推进，农村贫困人口减少1386万，易地扶贫搬迁280万人。Precision poverty alleviation made significant progress, with the rural poor population reduced by 13.86 million, including 2.8 million people assisted through relocation from inhospitable areas.

📍“两不愁”就是稳定实现农村贫困人口不愁吃、不愁穿（meet the basic food and clothing needs of poor people）；“三保障”就是保障其义务教育、基本医疗和住房安全，是农村贫困人口脱贫的基本要求和核心指标。

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告：重点解决实现“两不愁三保障”面临的突出问题， We will give priority to our work of seeing that the basic living needs of rural poor populations are met and that such people have access to compulsory education, basic medical services, and housing.

贫困地区农村居民收入明显增加，生产生活条件显著改善。

Rural residents in impoverished regions saw their incomes grow by a significant margin, and their working and living conditions noticeably improved.

注：

明显增加

grow by a significant margin

显著改善

noticeably improve

生产生活条件

working and living conditions

推动巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接。

We worked both to consolidate and build on our achievements in poverty alleviation and to promote the revitalization of rural areas.

注：

巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果

consolidate and build on our achievements in poverty alleviation / consolidate and build on our gains in poverty alleviation

乡村振兴

promote the revitalization of rural areas

保持过渡期内主要帮扶政策总体稳定，

Major poverty relief policies remained largely unchanged during the transition period following the elimination of absolute poverty.

注：

主要帮扶政策

major poverty relief policies

过渡期内

during the transition period

保持总体稳定

remain largely unchanged

严格落实“四个不摘”要求，

We made sure that though poverty had been eliminated, all of the related responsibilities, policies, support, and oversight remained in place.

注：

“四个不摘”

all of the related responsibilities, policies, support, and oversight remained in place

📍“四个不摘”：摘帽不摘责任、摘帽不摘帮扶、摘帽不摘政策、摘帽不摘监管（sponsibilities, policies, support, and oversight）。

建立健全防止返贫动态监测和帮扶机制，有力应对疫情、灾情等不利影响，确保不发生规模性返贫。

We established effective monitoring and assistance mechanisms to prevent people lifted out of poverty from relapsing into poverty and took robust action in response to natural disasters and Covid-19 to forestall any large-scale relapse into poverty.

注：

防止返贫

prevent people lifted out of poverty from relapsing into poverty

监测和帮扶机制

monitoring and assistance mechanisms

确保不发生规模性返贫-->防止发生规模性返贫

forestall any large-scale relapse into poverty

📍forestall /fɔːˈstɔːl/ 表示“预先阻止；先发制人”，英文解释为“to prevent something from happening by acting first”举个🌰：Try to anticipate what your child will do and forestall problems. 尽量预见你的孩子会干什么，并预先阻止问题发生。

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告：加强重大风险防控，坚决守住不发生系统性风险底线。Strong prevention and control measures will be taken to forestall systemic risks.

2019年报告Part 11：也为更好防范化解地方政府债务风险创造条件。and create conditions for better forestalling and defusing local governments' debt risks.

2019年报告Part 9：在发展中逐步化解，坚决避免发生系统性、区域性风险。We need to defuse risks step by step in the course of pursuing development and decisively forestall any systemic or regional risks.

2019年报告Part 2：防范化解重大风险，We forestalled and defused major risks.

确定并集中支持160个国家乡村振兴重点帮扶县，

A total of 160 key counties were designated to receive assistance for rural revitalization and dedicated support was provided to them.

注：

乡村振兴

rural revitalization

📍designate表示“指定，选定；委派”（When you designate someone as something, you formally choose them to do that particular job.）举个🌰：Designate someone as the spokesperson. 指派某人为发言人。

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告：在西部地区脱贫县中集中支持一批乡村振兴重点帮扶县。 A number of counties lifted out of poverty in western China will be designated as key counties for receiving assistance for rural revitalization.

加大对易地搬迁集中安置区等重点区域支持力度，坚持并完善东西部协作、对口支援、定点帮扶等机制，

We stepped up support for areas where residents relocated from inhospitable areas were resettled together in communities as well as for other key areas, and continued to implement and improve mechanisms for east-west cooperation, paired assistance, and targeted support.

注：

易地搬迁集中安置区

areas where residents [relocated from inhospitable areas] were resettled together in communities

东西部协作、对口支援、定点帮扶

east-west cooperation, paired assistance, and targeted support

选派用好医疗、教育“组团式”帮扶干部人才和科技特派员，

We also sent teams of medical and educational personnel as well as technicians to provide assistance to previously impoverished areas.

推动脱贫地区加快发展和群众稳定增收。

All of these efforts enabled areas that were lifted out of poverty to accelerate development and keep raising the incomes of local residents.

注：

脱贫地区

areas that were lifted out of poverty

群众稳定增收

keep raising the incomes of local residents

（三）聚焦重点领域和关键环节深化改革，更大激发市场活力和社会创造力。

3. We deepened reform of key areas and crucial links to energize the market and stimulate social creativity.

注：

重点领域和关键环节

key areas and crucial links

激发市场活力

energize the market

激发社会创造力

stimulate social creativity

坚持社会主义市场经济改革方向，处理好政府和市场的关系，

We continued reforms to develop the socialist market economy and struck a proper balance between the government and the market.

注：

处理好...和...的关系

strike a proper balance between ... and ...

使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用，更好发挥政府作用，推动有效市场和有为政府更好结合。

This enabled the market to play a decisive role in resource allocation and the government to better play its role, thus promoting both an efficient market and a well-functioning government.

注：

在资源配置中起决定性作用

play a decisive role in resource allocation

有效市场和有为政府

an efficient market and a well-functioning government

持续推进政府职能转变。

Our drive to transform government functions continued.

注：

政府职能转变

transform government functions

完成国务院及地方政府机构改革。

We completed institutional reform of both the State Council and local governments.

加快建设全国统一大市场，建设高标准市场体系，营造市场化法治化国际化营商环境。

We accelerated efforts to build a unified national market, developed a high-standard market system, and worked to create a market-oriented and law-based business environment in keeping with international standards.

注：

建设全国统一大市场

build a unified national market

建设高标准市场体系

develop a high-standard market system

营造市场化法治化国际化营商环境

create a market-oriented and law-based business environment in keeping with international standards

大道至简，政简易行。

Great truths are always simple, and simple government administration is always most effective.

注：

大道至简

Great truths are always simple.

持之以恒推进触动政府自身利益的改革。

We made consistent efforts to promote reforms despite the fact that they affected the interests of government itself.

注：

持之以恒

make consistent efforts to ...

触动政府自身利益

affect the interests of government itself

进一步简政放权，

We kept working to streamline government administration and delegate power.

注：

简政放权

streamline government administration and delegate power

📍streamline表示“使（系统、机构等）效率更高”（to make a system, an organization, etc. work better, especially in a way that saves money），简政放权就是：streamline (government) administration and delegate power，举个🌰：They're making efforts to streamline their normally cumbersome bureaucracy. 他们正努力提高其通常臃肿的官僚机构的效率。

📍delegate 作名词，表示“（尤指会议的）代表”，英文解释为“a person chosen or elected by a group to speak, vote, etc. for them, especially at a meeting” ；作动词，表示“（把…）委派（给…），（把…）委托（给…）；授权（给…）”，英文解释为“to give a particular job, duty, right, etc. to someone else so that they do it for you”举个🌰：As a boss you have to delegate (responsibilities to your staff). 你作为老板必须要分派工作。

放宽市场准入，全面实施市场准入负面清单制度，清单管理措施比制度建立之初压减64%，将行政许可事项全部纳入清单管理。

We broadened market access with full implementation of the negative list system. Since the introduction of this system, the negative list has been shortened by 64 percent, and the practice of list-based management has been applied to all items requiring government approval.

注：

放宽市场准入

broaden market access

负面清单制度

the negative list system

行政许可事项

items requiring government approval

清单管理

list-based management

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告：继续扩大市场准入。全面实行行政许可事项清单管理。We will continue to expand market access. List-based management will be fully implemented for matters requiring government approval.

多年来取消和下放行政许可事项1000多项，中央政府层面核准投资项目压减90%以上，

Over the years, we have cancelled or delegated to lower-level authorities the power of administrative approval for over 1,000 items and slashed the number of investment items subject to central government approval by over 90 percent.

注：

下放行政许可

delegate to lower-level authorities the power of administrative approval

中央政府层面核准投资项目

investment items subject to central government approval

📍slash 作名词，表示“斜线号，斜杠”，英文解释为“the symbol / used in writing to separate letters, numbers, or words”举个🌰：You often write a slash between alternatives, for example, "and/or". 通常在选择项之间会加斜线号，比如“和/或”。

作动词，1）表示“（用刀、剑等）猛削，劈，砍”，英文解释为“to cut or try to cut something violently with a knife, sword etc”举个🌰：Someone had slashed the tires. 有人把轮胎割破了。

2）表示“大幅削减，大幅减少（金钱、工作等）”，英文解释为“to very much reduce something, such as money or jobs”举个🌰： Prices have been slashed by 60 percent! 价格直降60%！

工业产品生产许可证从60类减少到10类，工程建设项目全流程审批时间压缩到不超过120个工作日。

The number of industrial production permit categories has been reduced from 60 to 10, and the approval time for construction projects has been cut to no more than 120 working days.

注：

工程建设项目（全流程）审批时间

the approval time for construction projects

改革商事制度，推行“证照分离”改革，

We carried out institutional reforms in the business sector and introduced the reform to separate out the business license from certificates required for starting a business.

注：

改革商事制度

carry out institutional reforms in the business sector

“证照分离”改革

the reform to separate out the business license from certificates required for starting a business.

📍证照分离：所谓“照”，指的是工商部门颁发的营业执照，而“证”，指的是各相关行业主管部门颁发的经营许可证。（原先要开办一家公司，首先要取得主管部门的经营许可证，才能到工商部门申办营业执照。）

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告Part 12：今年，要对所有涉企经营许可事项实行“证照分离”改革，使企业更便捷拿到营业执照并尽快正常运营， This year, all permits required of businesses will be separated from the business license to make it quicker and easier for companies to get a license and start operating as soon as possible;

2019年报告Part 3：“证照分离”改革 the reform separating permits from the business license;

2018年报告：“证照分离”改革 The reform separating permits and certificates from business licenses;

2017年报告：“证照分离”separate operating permits and business licenses.

企业开办时间从一个月以上压缩到目前的平均4个工作日以内，实行中小微企业简易注销制度。

Today, the average time it takes to register a business is less than four working days, down from more than a month; and a simplified deregistration system is in place for MSMEs.

注：

企业开办时间

the average time it takes to register a business

简易注销制度

a simplified deregistration system

中小微企业-->微小中企业

micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs)

坚持放管结合，

While delegating power, we also improved regulation.

加强事中事后监管，

We strengthened ongoing and ex post oversight.

注：

事中事后监管

ongoing and ex post oversight

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告：加快建立健全全方位、多层次、立体化监管体系，实现事前事中事后全链条全领域监管，提高监管效能。 To ensure regulation is effective, we will work faster to establish a comprehensive, tiered and multifaceted system to regulate all stages, from start to finish, in all sectors.

2021年报告：加强对取消或下放审批事项的事中事后监管， We will strengthen ongoing and ex post oversight of items for which approval has been cancelled or delegated to lower-level authorities.

2017年报告：完善事中事后监管制度。We will improve the system for conducting both registration and post-registration oversight over businesses

2016年报告：加强事中事后监管，优化公共服务流程。Both operational and post-operational oversight over businesses were strengthened, and public service procedures were improved.

严格落实监管责任，防止监管缺位、重放轻管，

We saw to it that regulatory responsibilities were strictly fulfilled, that no regulatory vacuums were left, and that no power was delegated at the expense of regulation.

注：

监管责任

regulatory responsibilities

防止监管缺位

no regulatory vacuums were left

防止重放轻管

no power was delegated at the expense of regulation

强化食品药品等重点领域质量和安全监管，推行“双随机、一公开”等方式加强公正监管，规范行使行政裁量权。

We beefed up quality and safety supervision for food, drugs, and other key items, ensured impartial regulation by adopting practices such as the random selection of inspectors and inspection targets and the prompt release of results, and set standards for the exercise of discretionary administrative powers.

注：

质量和安全监管

quality and safety supervision

行使行政裁量权

the exercise of discretionary administrative powers

📍“双随机、一公开”，即在监管过程中随机抽取检查对象，随机选派执法检查人员，抽查情况及查处结果及时向社会公开。（the random selection of inspectors and inspection targets and the prompt release of results）

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告：推进“双随机、一公开”跨部门联合监管， We will continue interdepartmental oversight conducted through the random selection of both inspectors and inspection targets and the prompt release of results.

2018年报告：“双随机、一公开” oversight combining randomly selected inspectors who inspect randomly selected entities and the prompt release of results;

2017年报告：全面推行“双随机、一公开”，We introduced an oversight model of random inspection and public release across the board*,

- 推荐小程序 -

「学英语打卡」

↓↓↓ 随时随地啃报告 ↓↓↓

「未完待续」

「Part 1」2023政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 2」2023政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 3」2023政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 4」2023政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 5」2023政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 6」2023政府工作报告中英文对照注释版