「Part 9」2023政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

LearnAndRecord 2023-03-25

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#政府工作报告笔记 69 个

#政府工作报告 36 个

促进国际科技交流合作。

International science and technology exchanges and cooperation were promoted.

注：

国际科技交流合作

international science and technology exchanges and cooperation

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通过市场化机制激励企业创新，

We leveraged market-based mechanisms to encourage enterprise innovations.

注：

市场化机制

market-based mechanisms

激励企业创新

encourage enterprise innovations

不断提高企业研发费用加计扣除比例，将制造业企业、科技型中小企业分别从50%、75%提高至100%，

The additional tax deduction for R&D expenses was increased on several occasions, particularly for manufacturing enterprises and small and medium sci-tech enterprises, with coverage rising from 50 percent and 75 percent, respectively, to 100 percent for both.

注：

研发费用

R&D costs / R&D expenses

加计扣除

the additional tax deduction

制造业企业

manufacturing enterprises

科技型中小企业

small and medium sci-tech enterprises

📍加计扣除是指按照税法规定，在实际发生数额的基础上，再加成一定比例，作为计算应纳税所得额时的扣除数额的一种税收优惠措施。例如，税法规定研发费用可实行150%加计扣除政策，如果企业当年开发新产品研发费用实际支出为100元，就可按150元（100×150%）在税前进行扣除，以鼓励企业加大研发投入。

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告：加大研发费用加计扣除政策实施力度，将科技型中小企业加计扣除比例从75%提高到100%， We will enhance the policy on granting additional tax deductions for R&D costs, raising the deduction coverage for small and medium sci-tech enterprises from 75 percent to 100 percent.

2021年报告：延续执行企业研发费用加计扣除75%政策，将制造业企业加计扣除比例提高到100%， We will continue to implement the policy of granting an extra tax deduction of 75 percent on enterprises' R&D costs, and we will raise this to 100 percent for manufacturing enterprises.

2019年报告：将提高研发费用加计扣除比例政策扩大至所有企业。and extended the policy on raising the proportion of additional tax-deductible R&D costs to cover all enterprises.

2017年报告：科技型中小企业研发费用加计扣除比例由50%提高到75%，For small and medium high-tech enterprises, the proportion of R&D expenses that are tax deductible is to be raised from 50 to 75 percent.

并阶段性扩大到所有适用行业，

This policy was extended to cover all eligible sectors on a temporary basis.

注：

阶段性

on a temporary basis

所有适用行业

all eligible sectors

📍eligible 表示“有资格的；合格的；具备条件的”，英文解释为“a person who is eligible for sth or to do sth, is able to have or do it because they have the right qualifications, are the right age, etc. ”举个🌰：Only those over 70 are eligible for the special payment. 只有70岁以上的人才有资格领取这项专款。

对企业投入基础研究、购置设备给予政策支持，

All this provided policy support to enterprises for carrying out basic research and purchasing equipment.

各类支持创新的税收优惠政策年度规模已超过万亿元。

In total, annual innovation tax breaks and incentives exceeded one trillion yuan.

注：

税收优惠政策

tax breaks and incentives

📍tax break 表示“赋税优惠；（因法律变更而）减税”，英文解释为“a change in the law that results in the opportunity to pay less in taxes”举个🌰：With this change, high-income people will get a tax break. 随着这一变化，高收入人士将能获得减税机会。

📍incentive 表示“激励；刺激；鼓励”，英文解释为“something that encourages you to do sth”举个🌰：There is no incentive for people to save fuel. 没有使人们节约燃料的鼓励办法。

创设支持创新的金融政策工具，引导创业投资等发展。

We also developed financial policy instruments to facilitate innovation and guided the development of venture capital.

注：

金融政策工具

financial policy instruments

支持创新的

... to facilitate innovation

创业投资

venture capital

企业研发投入保持两位数增长，一大批创新企业脱颖而出。

Thanks to these efforts, R&D spending by enterprises has maintained double-digit growth, and a large number of innovative enterprises have emerged.

注：

企业研发投入

R&D spending by enterprises

保持两位数增长

maintain double-digit growth

一大批创新企业

a large number of innovative enterprises

脱颖而出

emerge

推动产业向中高端迈进。

Industries were encouraged to develop toward the medium- and high-end.

注：

向中高端迈进

develop toward the medium- and high-end

把制造业作为发展实体经济的重点，促进工业经济平稳运行，

Priority was given to manufacturing in the development of the real economy, and the stable performance of the industrial sector was ensured.

注：

实体经济

the real economy

把...作为重点

priority was given to ...

保持制造业比重基本稳定。

The share of manufacturing in the economy remained largely unchanged.

严格执行环保、质量、安全等法规标准，淘汰落后产能。

Laws, regulations, and standards on environmental protection, quality, and safety were strictly implemented, and outdated production facilities were shut down.

注：

法规标准

laws, regulations, and standards

落后产能

outdated production facilities

「类似表述对比」

2018年报告：严格执行环保、质量、安全等法规标准，化解过剩产能、淘汰落后产能。we will strictly enforce environmental protection, quality, and safety laws, regulations, and standards, and ease overcapacity and close down outdated production facilities.

开展重点产业强链补链行动。

We worked to shore up weak links in the industrial and supply chains of key industries.

注：

强链补链（产业链、供应链）

shore up weak links in the industrial and supply chains

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告：加大农村义务教育薄弱环节建设力度，We intensified efforts to shore up weak links in rural compulsory education,

2018年报告：补齐基础设施和公共服务短板，激发脱贫内生动力。We will shore up weak links in infrastructure and public services, creating self-generated impetus to reduce poverty.

启动一批产业基础再造工程。

A number of industrial foundation reengineering projects were launched.

注：

产业基础再造工程

industrial foundation reengineering projects

鼓励企业加快设备更新和技术改造，将固定资产加速折旧优惠政策扩大至全部制造业。

To accelerate the pace of equipment upgrading and technological transformation of enterprises, the preferential policy on accelerated depreciation of fixed assets was extended to cover the entire manufacturing sector.

注：

设备更新

equipment upgrading

技术改造

technological transformation

优惠政策

the preferential policy

固定资产

fixed assets

加速折旧

accelerated depreciation

📍depreciation /dɪˌpriː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ 表示“贬值，跌价”，英文解释为“the process of losing value”

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告：完善设备器具加速折旧、高新技术企业所得税优惠等政策， and improve our policies on accelerated depreciation of equipment and tools and on preferential corporate income tax for new- and high-tech enterprises.

推动高端装备、生物医药、新能源汽车、光伏、风电等新兴产业加快发展。

We sped up the development of emerging industries like high-end equipment, biomedicine, new-energy vehicles, photovoltaic power, and wind power.

注：

高端装备

high-end equipment

生物医药

biomedicine

新能源汽车

new-energy vehicles

光伏

photovoltaic power

风电

wind power

新兴产业

emerging industries

持续推进网络提速降费，发展“互联网+”。

Continued efforts were made to provide faster broadband speeds and lower internet rates, and Internet Plus initiatives were boosted.

注：

网络提速降费

provide faster broadband speeds and lower internet rates

“互联网+”

Internet Plus initiatives

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告：持续推动网络提速降费。We will continue to speed up broadband and lower internet rates.

2018年报告：加大网络提速降费力度 do more to speed up broadband and bring down internet rates；

2017年报告：今年网络提速降费要迈出更大步伐，This year, we will do more to increase broadband speed and lower rates for Internet services.

移动互联网用户数增加到14.5亿户。

The number of mobile internet subscriptions increased to 1.45 billion.

注：

📍subscription 表示“（报刊等的）订阅费，订购款，订阅，订购；（机构或俱乐部的）会费”，英文解释为“an amount of money you pay, usually once a year, to receive regular copies of a newspaper or magazine, etc.; the act of paying this money”如：an annual subscription 一年期订阅。

支持工业互联网发展，有力促进了制造业数字化智能化。

We supported the development of the Industrial Internet and vigorously promoted digital and smart manufacturing.

注：

工业互联网

the Industrial Internet

促进了制造业数字化智能化

promote digital and smart manufacturing

专精特新中小企业达7万多家。

The number of SMEs producing new and unique products using special and sophisticated technologies exceeded 70,000.

注：

专精特新中小企业

SMEs producing new and unique products using special and sophisticated technologies

📍“专精特新”是指中小企业具备专业化、精细化、特色化、新颖化的特征。

促进平台经济健康持续发展，发挥其带动就业创业、拓展消费市场、创新生产模式等作用。

We promoted the sound and sustainable development of the platform economy and fully leveraged its role in boosting employment and business startups, expanding the consumer market, and creating new production modes.

注：

平台经济

the platform economy

健康可持续发展

the sound and sustainable development

发挥...作用

leverage its role in ...

带动就业创业

boosting employment and business startups

拓展消费市场

expanding the consumer market

创新生产模式

creating new production modes

发展研发设计、现代物流、检验检测认证等生产性服务业。

Producer services such as R&D and design, modern logistics, and inspection, testing, and certification registered further growth.

注：

研发设计

R&D and design

现代物流

modern logistics

检验检测认证

inspection, testing, and certification

生产性服务（业）

producer services

加强全面质量管理和质量基础设施建设。

Across-the-board quality management and national quality infrastructure were improved.

注：

全面质量管理

across-the-board quality management

中国制造的品质和竞争力不断提升。

Chinese products are now of a higher quality and more competitive.

（五）扩大国内有效需求，推进区域协调发展和新型城镇化。

5. We expanded effective domestic demand and promoted coordinated regional development and new urbanization.

注：

扩大国内有效需求

expand effective domestic demand

区域协调发展

coordinated regional development

新型城镇化

new urbanization

围绕构建新发展格局，立足超大规模市场优势，坚持实施扩大内需战略，培育更多经济增长动力源。

To create a new pattern of development, we fully leveraged China’s super-sized market and carried out the strategy of expanding domestic demand to foster more growth engines.

注：

构建新发展格局

create a new pattern of development

培育更多（经济）增长动力源

foster more growth engines

着力扩大消费和有效投资。

We strived to expand consumption and effective investment.

注：

扩大消费和有效投资

expand consumption and effective investment

疫情发生前，消费已经成为我国经济增长的主要拉动力。

Before the outbreak of Covid-19, consumption had become the primary driver of China’s economic growth.

注：

我国经济增长的主要拉动力

the primary driver of China’s economic growth

面对需求不足甚至出现收缩，推动消费尽快恢复。

In the face of insufficient and even shrinking demand, we acted to secure a swift recovery in consumption.

注：

需求不足甚至出现收缩

insufficient and even shrinking demand

多渠道促进居民增收，提高中低收入群体收入。

We promoted personal income growth through various avenues and saw the earnings of middle- and low-income groups rise.

注：

多渠道

through various avenues

中低收入群体

middle- and low-income groups

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告Part 17：多渠道增加普惠性学前教育资源。加强县域普通高中建设。 We will increase resources for public-interest preschool education via multiple channels and promote the development of regular county high schools.

2022年报告Part 13：多渠道促进居民增收， We will boost personal incomes through multiple channels,

2021年报告Part 13：多渠道增加居民收入。Personal incomes will be increased through multiple channels.

2021年报告Part 2：多渠道做好重点群体就业工作，Multiple channels were tapped to ensure employment for key groups,

2019年报告Part 11：支持商业银行多渠道补充资本 We will support large commercial banks in replenishing capital through multiple channels.

2019年报告Part 14：多渠道增加优质产品和服务供给，use multiple avenues to increase the supply of quality products and services,

2019年报告Part 19：多渠道扩大学前教育供给， We will increase the supply of pre-school education through multiple avenues.

2018年报告：要促进多渠道就业，支持以创业带动就业。we need to expand the channels for employment and support job creation through business startups.

支持汽车、家电等大宗消费，

Spending on automobiles, home appliances, and other big-ticket items was supported.

注：

汽车

automobiles

家电

home appliances

大宗（商品）

big-ticket items

汽车保有量突破3亿辆、增长46.7%。

The number of cars in use in China topped 300 million, an increase of 46.7 percent compared to five years ago.

推动线上线下消费深度融合，实物商品网上零售额占社会消费品零售总额的比重从15.8%提高到27.2%。

We vigorously promoted both online and offline consumption, raising the share of online sales for physical goods from 15.8 percent to 27.2 percent of total retail sales of consumer goods.

注：

实物商品

physical goods

零售额

retail sales

社会消费品零售总额

total retail sales of consumer goods

发展城市社区便民商业，完善农村快递物流配送体系。

Businesses serving residents’ daily needs flourished in urban communities, and the express delivery system in rural areas was improved.

注：

便民商业

businesses serving residents’ daily

城市社区

urban communities

快递物流配送体系

the express delivery system

帮扶旅游业发展。

We also provided support for the tourism sector.

注：

旅游业

the tourism sector

围绕补短板、调结构、增后劲扩大有效投资。

We expanded effective investment to shore up weak links, promote structural adjustments, and sustain growth momentum.

注：

补短板

shore up weak links

调结构

promote structural adjustments

增后劲

sustain growth momentum

创新投融资体制机制，预算内投资引导和撬动社会投资成倍增加，

Innovations were made in investment and financing systems and mechanisms, and nongovernmental investment increased several times over under the guidance and drive of central government budgetary investment.

注：

投融资体制机制

investment and financing systems and mechanisms

社会投资

nongovernmental investment

成倍增加

increase several times

增加地方政府专项债券额度，重点支持交通、水利、能源、信息等基础设施和民生工程建设，

We increased the scale of local government special-purpose bonds, with a high priority given to the development of sectors such as transportation, water conservancy, energy, information, and other infrastructure as well as projects for the people’s wellbeing.

注：

地方政府专项债券

local government special-purpose bonds

水利

water conservancy

民生工程

projects for the people’s wellbeing

鼓励社会资本参与建设运营，调动民间投资积极性。

We also encouraged nongovernmental capital to participate in the construction and operation of such projects, and this stimulated investment from nongovernmental sources.

注：

社会资本

nongovernmental capital

民间投资

investment from nongovernmental sources

- 推荐小程序 -

「学英语打卡」

↓↓↓ 随时随地啃报告 ↓↓↓

「未完待续」

「Part 1」2023政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 2」2023政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 3」2023政府工作报告中英文对照注释版