「Part 15」2018政府工作报告中英文对照个人注释版

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「Part 15」2018政府工作报告中英文对照个人注释版

LearnAndRecord 2020-10-07

加大精准脱贫力度。

Second, we will step up targeted poverty alleviation.

注：

精准脱贫

targeted poverty alleviation

今年再减少农村贫困人口1000万以上，完成易地扶贫搬迁280万人。

This year, we will further reduce the poor rural population by over 10 million, including 2.8 million people who are to be relocated from inhospitable areas.

注：

易地扶贫搬迁人口

people who are to be relocated from inhospitable areas

深入推进产业、教育、健康、生态扶贫，

More will be done to alleviate poverty through the development of local industries, education, and healthcare, and through the development and conservation of local ecological resources.

注：

产业扶贫

alleviate poverty through the development of local industries

生态扶贫

alleviate poverty through the development and conservation of local ecological resources

补齐基础设施和公共服务短板，激发脱贫内生动力。

We will shore up weak links in infrastructure and public services, creating self-generated impetus to reduce poverty.

注：

补齐..短板

shore up weak links in

激发(脱贫)内生动力

create self-generated impetus to (reduce poverty)

强化对深度贫困地区支持，中央财政新增扶贫投入及有关转移支付向深度贫困地区倾斜。

We will do more to support areas affected by extreme poverty, and the central budget's newly enlarged poverty reduction funds and related transfer payments will be weighted toward these areas.

注：

深度贫困地区

areas affected by extreme poverty

中央财政新增扶贫投入

the central budget's newly enlarged poverty reduction funds

向...倾斜

be weighted toward

对老年人、残疾人、重病患者等特定贫困人口，因户因人落实保障措施。

We will tailor measures to individuals and individual households to ensure that targeted poor populations, including elderly people, people with disabilities, and people with serious diseases, receive the assistance they need.

注：

重病患者

people with serious diseases

特定贫困人口

targeted poor populations

因户因人落实保障措施

tailor measures to individuals and individual households to ensure

攻坚期内脱贫不脱政策，

Poverty relief policies will remain unchanged for those already lifted out of poverty while the battle goes on,

注：

脱贫不脱政策

poverty relief policies will remain unchanged for those already lifted out of poverty

新产生的贫困人口和返贫人口要及时纳入帮扶。

and the newly poor and those who slip back into poverty will receive prompt support.

注：

新产生的贫困人口

the newly poor

返贫人口

those who slip back into poverty

加强扶贫资金整合和绩效管理。

Poverty alleviation funds will be better integrated and performance-based management will be strengthened.

注：

加强扶贫资金整合

poverty alleviation funds will be better integrated

开展扶贫领域腐败和作风问题专项治理，改进考核监督方式。

We will take targeted measures against corruption and misconduct in poverty alleviation, and improve the methods used in evaluation and oversight.

注：

开展...专项治理

take targeted measures against ...

扶贫领域腐败和作风问题

corruption and misconduct in poverty alleviation

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坚持现行脱贫标准，确保进度和质量，

We will continue to apply the current poverty alleviation standards and ensure that poverty reduction progresses as planned and meets all standards,

注：

现行脱贫标准

the current poverty alleviation standards

确保A的进度和质量

ensure that A progresses as planned and meets all standards

让脱贫得到群众认可、经得起历史检验。

so that our poverty alleviation work wins the approval of the people and stands the test of time.

注：

得到群众认可

win the approval of the people

经得起历史检验

stand the test of time

推进污染防治取得更大成效。

Third, we will work to make greater progress in addressing pollution.

巩固蓝天保卫战成果，

We will consolidate the gains made in the fight to defend the blue of our skies.

注：

蓝天保卫战

the fight to defend the blue of our skies

今年二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放量要下降3%，重点地区细颗粒物（PM2.5）浓度继续下降。

This year, we will cut sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions by 3 percent and achieve a continuous decline in PM2.5 density in key areas.

注：

二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放量

sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions

继续下降

achieve a continuous decline in

推动钢铁等行业超低排放改造。

We will encourage upgrading in the steel and other industries to achieve ultra-low emissions.

提高污染排放标准，实行限期达标。

We will raise standards on the emission of pollutants, and set deadlines for meeting required discharge standards.

注：

污染排放标准

standards on the emission of pollutants

实行限期达标(达到排放标准)

set deadlines for meeting required discharge standards

开展柴油货车超标排放专项治理。

A special program will be launched to reduce exhaust emissions by diesel trucks that exceed standards.

注：

柴油货车

diesel trucks

深入推进水、土壤污染防治，

We will continue efforts to prevent and control water and soil pollution.

今年化学需氧量、氨氮排放量要下降2%。

This year, chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen emissions will be cut by 2 percent.

注：

化学需氧量

chemical oxygen demand

氨氮排放量

ammonia nitrogen emissions

实施重点流域和海域综合治理，

Water environments in key river basins and sea areas will be improved through comprehensive measures,

注：

重点流域和海域

key river basins and sea areas

全面整治黑臭水体。

and thorough action will be taken to clean up black, malodorous water bodies.

注：

黑臭水体

black, malodorous water bodies

malodorous：having an unpleasant smell 难闻的，恶臭的

The town is built on a malodorous swamp.
该镇建在一片恶臭的沼泽地上。

加大污水处理设施建设力度，完善收费政策。

We will strengthen the development of sewage treatment facilities, and improve policy on charges for their services.

注：

污水处理设施

sewage treatment facilities

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严禁“洋垃圾”入境。

We will completely prohibit garbage from being brought into China.

注：

严禁“洋垃圾”入境

completely prohibit garbage from being brought into China

加强生态系统保护和修复，全面划定生态保护红线，

We will redouble efforts to protect and restore ecosystems, and finish setting redlines for ecological conservation across the country.

注：

(全面)划定生态保护红线

set redlines for ecological conservation (across the country)

完成造林1亿亩以上，耕地轮作休耕试点面积增加到3000万亩，

This year, more than 6.67 million hectares of land will be afforested, and crop rotation and fallow land trials will be increased to cover 2 million hectares of farmland.

注：

afforest：to convert land not previously forested into forest by planting trees 在…植树造林

(耕地)轮作休耕试点

crop rotation and fallow land trials

扩大湿地保护和恢复范围，深化国家公园体制改革试点。

Wetland protection and restoration will be expanded and pilot reforms for the national parks system will be continued.

注：

湿地保护和恢复

wetland protection and restoration

国家公园体制改革试点

pilot reforms for the national parks system

严控填海造地。

We will impose strict control over coastal area reclamation.

注：

填海造地

coastal area reclamation

严格环境执法。

Environmental laws and regulations will be strictly enforced.

我们要携手行动，建设天蓝、地绿、水清的美丽中国。

We all need to join hands and take action to build a Beautiful China where the skies are blue, the land is green, and the waters are clear.

注：

携手行动

join hands and take action to

建设天蓝、地绿、水清的美丽中国

build a Beautiful China where the skies are blue, the land is green, and the waters are clear

（五）大力实施乡村振兴战略。

5. Making strong moves in the rural revitalization strategy

注：

乡村振兴战略

the rural revitalization strategy

科学制定规划，健全城乡融合发展体制机制，

Plans will be well designed and the institutions and mechanisms needed to achieve integrated urban-rural development will be improved.

注：

城乡融合发展

integrated urban-rural development

依靠改革创新壮大乡村发展新动能。

We will rely on reform and innovation to build powerful new growth drivers for rural development.

注：

乡村发展新动能

new growth drivers for rural development

推进农业供给侧结构性改革。

We will advance supply-side structural reform in agriculture.

注：

农业供给侧结构性改革

supply-side structural reform in agriculture

促进农林牧渔业和种业创新发展，

We will promote innovative development in the farming, forestry, livestock, fishing, and seed industries,

注：

农林牧渔业和种业

the farming, forestry, livestock, fishing, and seed industries

加快建设现代农业产业园和特色农产品优势区，稳定和优化粮食生产。

speed up work on developing modern agriculture industrial parks and areas producing local specialty agricultural products, and ensure stable and optimized grain output.

注：

现代农业产业园

modern agriculture industrial parks

特色农产品优势区

areas producing local specialty agricultural products

稳定和优化粮食生产

ensure stable and optimized grain output

新增高标准农田8000万亩以上、高效节水灌溉面积2000万亩。

We will increase the area of high-standard cropland by at least 5.33 million hectares, and expand the coverage of efficient water-saving irrigation by 1.33 million hectares.

注：

高标准农田

high-standard cropland

高效节水灌溉面积

the coverage of efficient water-saving irrigation

培育新型经营主体，加强面向小农户的社会化服务。

We will cultivate new types of agribusiness and improve commercial services catering to small agricultural households.

注：

面向小农户的社会化服务

commercial services catering to small agricultural households

发展“互联网+农业”，多渠道增加农民收入，促进农村一二三产业融合发展。

We will develop the Internet Plus Agriculture model, use multiple channels to increase rural incomes, and encourage the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries to develop in an integrated way in rural areas.

注：

“互联网+农业”

the Internet Plus Agriculture model

一二三产业

the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries

融合发展

develop in an integrated way

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全面深化农村改革。

We will deepen all rural reforms.

落实第二轮土地承包到期后再延长30年的政策。

We will implement the policy extending second round rural land contracts by another 30 years upon their expiration.

注：

第二轮土地承包到期后再延长30年的政策

the policy extending second round rural land contracts by another 30 years upon their expiration

探索宅基地所有权、资格权、使用权分置改革。

We will experiment with separating the ownership rights, qualification rights, and use rights for rural land designated for housing.

注：

宅基地(rural land designated for housing)是农村的农户或个人用作住宅基地而占有、利用本集体所有的土地。

宅基地所有权、资格权、使用权分置

separating the ownership rights, qualification rights, and use rights for rural land designated for housing

改进耕地占补平衡管理办法，

We will improve the measures on offsetting cultivated land used for other purposes,

注：

耕地占补平衡管理办法-->耕地占补平衡措施

the measures on offsetting cultivated land used for other purposes

耕地占补平衡是指占用耕地补偿制度，非农建设经批准占用耕地要按照“占多少，补多少”的原则，补充数量和质量相当的耕地。

建立新增耕地指标、城乡建设用地增减挂钩节余指标跨省域调剂机制，

and establish a mechanism that allows the surplus quotas produced by linking newly-added cropland quotas with the amount of land used for construction to be adjusted inter-provincially.

注：

新增耕地指标

newly-added cropland quotas

节余指标

the surplus quotas

跨省域调剂

be adjusted inter-provincially

所得收益全部用于脱贫攻坚和支持乡村振兴。

All profit therefrom will be used to fight poverty and support rural revitalization.

注：

支持乡村振兴

support rural revitalization

深化粮食收储、集体产权、集体林权、国有林区林场、农垦、供销社等改革，

We will deepen reforms related to grain purchasing and storage, collective property rights, collective forest tenure, state forestry areas and farms, state farms, and supply and marketing cooperatives,

注：

tenure ['tenjə(r)]

being the legal owner of land, a job, or an official public position, or the period of time during which you own it 占有；使用权；使用期；任期；保有期

During his tenure as dean, he had a real influence on the students.
他在当教务长期间，对学生们影响很大。

粮食收储

grain purchasing and storage

集体产权

collective property rights

集体林权

collective forest tenure

国有林区林场

state forestry areas and farms

农垦

state farms

供销社

supply and marketing cooperatives

对比2017年报告，“农垦”：state-owned farms

对比2016年报告，“农垦”：state farms on reclaimed land

使农业农村充满生机活力。

and see that agriculture and rural areas are full of life and dynamism.

注：

充满生机活力

be full of life and dynamism

推动农村各项事业全面发展。

We will promote the full development of all programs in rural areas.

注：

各项事业全面发展

the full development of all programs

改善供水、供电、信息等基础设施，新建改建农村公路20万公里。

We will improve the infrastructure for supplying water and power, for information, and so on, and build or upgrade 200,000 kilometers of rural roads.

稳步开展农村人居环境整治三年行动，推进“厕所革命”。

We will take steady steps in carrying out a three-year campaign to improve rural living environments, and continue the Toilet Revolution.

注：

“厕所革命”

the Toilet Revolution

相关报道：将“厕所革命”进行到底

农村人居环境

rural living environments

促进农村移风易俗。

We will encourage a shift away from outdated social practices.

注：

移风易俗