诗苑|济慈:Ode to a Nightingale(查良铮、屠岸译本)
《夜莺颂》是英国诗人约翰·济慈的诗作。诗人以夜莺的歌声象征大自然中永恒的欢乐,并与现实世界中人生短暂、好景不长相对照。人人都有离去之时,唯有夜莺歌声不灭。今天推荐的是翻译家查良铮(下标【查译】)和屠岸(下标【屠译】)的两版译文,供大家阅读学习。
(朗读者 Benedict Cumberbatch)
Ode to a Nightingale
By John Keats
My heart aches, and a drowsy numbness pains
My sense, as though of hemlock I had drunk,
Or emptied some dull opiate to the drains
One minute past, and Lethe-wards had sunk:
'Tis not through envy of thy happy lot,
But being too happy in thine happiness --
That thou, light winged Dryad of the trees,
In some melodious plot
Of beechen green, and shadows numberless,
Singest of summer in full-throated ease.
【查译】
我的心在痛,困顿和麻木
刺进了感官,有如饮过毒鸠,
又象是刚刚把鸦片吞服,
于是向着列斯忘川下沉:
并不是我嫉妒你的好运,
而是你的快乐使我太欢欣——
因为在林间嘹亮的天地里,
你呵,轻翅的仙灵,
你躲进山毛榉的葱绿和荫影,
放开歌喉,歌唱着夏季。
【屠译】
我的心疼痛,困倦和麻木使神经
痛楚,仿佛我啜饮了毒汁满杯,
或者吞服了鸦片,一点不剩,
一会儿,我就沉入了忘川河水:
并不是嫉妒你那幸福的命运,
是你的欢乐使我过分地欣喜——
想到你呀,轻翼的林中天仙,
你让悠扬的乐音
充盈在山毛榉的一片葱茏和浓荫里,
你放开嗓门,尽情地歌唱着夏天。
O, for a draught of vintage! that hath been
Cool'd a long age in the deep-delved earth,
Tasting of Flora and the country green,
Dance, and Provencal song, and sunburnt mirth!
O for a beaker full of the warm South
Full of the true, the blushful Hippocrene,
With beaded bubbles winking at the brim,
And purple-stained mouth,
That I might drink, and leave the world unseen,
And with thee fade away into the forest dim.
【查译】
哎,要是有一口酒!那冷藏
在地下多年的清醇饮料,
一尝就令人想起绿色之邦,
想起花神,恋歌,阳光和舞蹈!
要是有一杯南国的温暖
充满了鲜红的灵感之泉,
杯沿明灭着珍珠的泡沫,
给嘴唇染上紫斑;
哦,我要一饮而离开尘寰,
和你同去幽暗的林中隐没:
【屠译】
哦,来一口葡萄酒吧!来一口
长期在深深的地窖里冷藏的佳酿!
尝一口,就想到花神,田野绿油油,
舞蹈,歌人的吟唱,欢乐地骄阳!
来一大杯吧,盛满了南方的温满,
盛满了诗神的泉水,鲜红,清冽,
还有泡沫在杯沿闪烁如珍珠,
把杯口也染成紫色;
我要痛饮呵,再悄悄离开这世界,
同你一起隐入那幽深的林木:
Fade far away, dissolve, and quite forget
What thou amongst the leaves hast never known,
The weariness, the fever, and the fret
Here, where men sit and hear each other groan;
Where palsy shakes a few, sad, last grey hairs.
Where youth grows pale, and spectre-thin,and dies;
Where but to think is to be full of sorrow
And leaden-eyed despairs;
Where Beauty cannot keep her lustrous eyes,
Or new Love pine at thembeyond to-morrow.
【查译】
远远地、远远隐没,让我忘掉
你在树叶间从不知道的一切,
忘记这疲劳、热病、和焦躁,
这使人对坐而悲叹的世界;
在这里,青春苍白、消瘦、死亡,
而“瘫痪”有几根白发在摇摆;
在这里,稍一思索就充满了
忧伤和灰色的绝望,
而“美”保持不住明眸的光彩,
新生的爱情活不到明天就枯凋。
【屠译】
远远地隐去,消失,完全忘掉
你在绿叶里永不知晓的事情,
忘掉世上的疲倦,病热,烦躁,
这里,人们对坐着互相听呻吟,
瘫痪者颤动着几根灰白的发丝,
青春渐渐地苍白,瘦削,死亡;
这里,只要想一想就发愁,伤悲,
绝望中两眼呆滞;
这里,美人保不住慧眼的光芒,
新生的爱情顷刻间就为之憔悴。
Away! away! for I will fly to thee,
Not charioted by Bacchus and his pards,
But on the viewless wings of Poesy,
Though the dull brain perplexes and retards.
Already with thee! tender is the night,
And haply the Queen-Moon is on her throne,
Clustered around by all her starry Fays;
But here there is no light,
Save what from heaven is with the breezes blown
Through verdurous glooms and winding mossy ways.
【查译】
去吧!去吧!我要朝你飞去,
不用和酒神坐文豹的车驾,
我要展开诗歌底无形羽翼,
尽管这头脑已经困顿、疲乏;
去了!呵,我已经和你同往!
夜这般温柔,月后正登上宝座,
周围是侍卫她的一群星星;
但这儿却不甚明亮,
除了有一线天光,被微风带过,
葱绿的幽暗,和苔藓的曲径。
【屠译】
去吧!去吧!我要向着你飞出,
不是伴酒神乘虎豹的车驾驰骋,
尽管迟钝的脑子困惑,犹豫,
我已凭诗神无形的羽翼登程:
已经跟你在一起了!夜这样柔美,
恰好月亮皇后登上了宝座,
群星仙子把她拥戴在中央;
但这里是一片幽晦,
只有微风吹过朦胧的绿色
和曲折的苔径才带来一线天光。
I cannot see what flowers are at my feet,
Nor what soft incensehangs upon the boughs,
But, in embalmed darkness, guess each sweet
Wherewith the seasonable month endows
The grass, the thicket, and the fruit-tree wild--
White hawthorn, and the pastoral eglantine;
Fast fading violets covered up in leaves;
And mid-May's eldest child,
The coming musk-rose, full of dewy wine,
The murmurous haunt of flies on summer eves.
【查译】
我看不出是哪种花草在脚旁,
什么清香的花挂在树枝上;
在温馨的幽暗里,我只能猜想
这个时令该把哪种芬芳
赋予这果树,林莽,和草丛,
这白枳花,和田野的玫瑰,
这绿叶堆中易谢的紫罗兰,
还有五月中旬的娇宠,
这缀满了露酒的麝香蔷薇,
它成了夏夜蚊蚋的嗡萦的港湾。
【屠译】
我这里看不见脚下有什么鲜花,
看不见枝头挂什么温馨的嫩蕊,
只是在暗香里猜想每一朵奇葩,
猜想这时令怎样把千娇百媚
赐给草地,林莽,野生的果树枝;
那白色山楂花,开放在牧野的蔷薇;
隐藏在绿叶丛中已凋的紫罗兰;
那五月中旬的爱子——
盛满了露制醇醪的麝香玫瑰,
夏夜的蚊蝇在这里嗡嗡盘桓。
Darkling I listen; and for many a time
I have been half in love with easeful Death,
Called him soft names in many a mused rhyme,
To take into the air my quiet breath;
Now more than ever seems it rich to die,
To cease upon the midnight with no pain,
While thou art pouring forth thy soul abroad
In such an ecstasy!
Still wouldst thou sing, and I have ears in vain --
To thy high requiem become a sod.
【查译】
我在黑暗里倾听:呵,多少次
我几乎爱上了静谧的死亡,
我在诗思里用尽了好的言辞,
求他把我的一息散入空茫;
而现在,哦,死更是多么富丽:
在午夜里溘然魂离人间,
当你正倾泻着你的心怀
发出这般的狂喜!
你仍将歌唱,但我却不再听见——
你的葬歌只能唱给泥草一块。
【屠译】
我在黑暗里谛听着:已经多少次
几乎堕入了死神安谧的爱情,
我用深思的诗韵唤他的名字,
请他把我这口气化入空明;
此刻呵,无上的幸福是停止呼吸,
趁这午夜,安详地向人世告别,
而你呵,正在把你的精魂倾吐,
如此地心醉神迷!
你永远唱着,我已经失去听觉——
你唱安魂歌,我已将变成一堆土。
Thou wast not born for death, immortal Bird!
No hungry generations treadthee down;
The voice I hear this passing night eas heard
In ancient days by emperor and clown:
Perhaps the self-same song that found a path
Through the sad heart of Ruth, when, sick for home,
She stood in tears amid the alien corn;
The same that oft-times hath
Charm’d magic casement, opening on the foam
Of perilous seas, in faery lands forlorn.
【查译】
永生的鸟呵,你不会死去!
饥饿的世代无法将你蹂躏;
今夜,我偶然听到的歌曲
曾使古代的帝王和村夫喜悦;
或许这同样的歌也曾激荡
露丝忧郁的心,使她不禁落泪,
站在异邦的谷田里想着家;
就是这声音常常
在失掉了的仙域里引动窗扉:
一个美女望着大海险恶的浪花。
【屠译】
你永远不会死去,不朽的精禽!
饥馑的世纪也未能使你屈服;
我今天夜里一度听见的歌音
在往古时代打动过皇帝和村夫:
恐怕这同样的歌声也曾经促使
路得流泪,她满怀忧伤地站在
异地的麦田里,一心思念着家邦:
这歌声还曾多少次
迷醉了窗里人,她开窗面对大海
险恶的浪涛,在那失落的仙乡。
Forlorn! the very word is like a bell
To toll me back from thee to my sole self!
Adieu! the fancy cannot cheat so well
As she is famed to do, deceiving elf.
Adieu! adieu! thy plaintive anthem fades
Past the near meadows, over the still stream,
Up the hill-side; and now 'tis buried deep
In the next valley-glades:
Was is a vision, or a waking dream?
Fled is that music -- Do I wake or sleep?
【查译】
呵,失掉了!这句话好比一声钟
使我猛醒到我站脚的地方!
别了!幻想,这骗人的妖童,
不能老耍弄它盛传的伎俩。
别了!别了!你怨诉的歌声
流过草坪,越过幽静的溪水,
溜上山坡;而此时,它正深深
埋在附近的溪谷中:
噫,这是个幻觉,还是梦寐?
那歌声去了:——我是睡?是醒?
【屠译】
失落!呵,这字眼像钟声一敲,
催我离开你,回复孤寂的自己!
再见!幻想着骗人的小妖,
徒有虚名,再不能使人着迷。
再见!再见!你哀怨的歌音远去,
流过了草地,越过了静静的溪水,
飘上了山腰,如今已深深地埋湮
在附近的密林幽谷:
这是幻象?还是醒时的梦寐?
音乐远去了:——我醒着,还是在酣眠?
北京师范大学外国语言文学学院实习生
张若梦 整理
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