Legislative Updates | 法宝双语新闻

【来源】北大法宝英文译本库

【责任编辑】郝文文；姜莹

【声明】本文由北大法宝编写，转载请注明来源。

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1.《互联网跟帖评论服务管理规定》公布

近日，国家互联网信息办公室公布《互联网跟帖评论服务管理规定》，自2017年10月1日起施行。

《规定》共十三条，对用户真实身份登记、个人信息保护、违法信息处置、用户行为规范、网站主体责任、属地管理责任、社会监督和法律责任等作了规定。

《规定》中明确，网站要按照“后台实名、前台自愿”原则，对注册用户进行真实身份信息认证，不得向未认证真实身份信息的用户提供跟帖评论服务。《规定》还禁止跟帖评论服务提供者及其从业人员非法牟利，明确要求不得为谋取不正当利益或基于错误价值取向有选择地删除、推荐跟帖评论，不得利用软件、雇佣商业机构及人员等方式散布信息。

1. Provisions on Management of Internet Comments Posting Services Issued

Recently, the Cyberspace Administration of China released the Provisions on the Administration of Internet Comments Posting Services, effective from October 1, 2017.

With a total of thirteen articles, the Provisions cover the registration of a user's true identity, personal information protection, handling of illegal information, code of conduct of users, primary responsibilities of websites, territorial administrative responsibilities, public scrutiny, and legal liability.

According to the Provisions, websites should, under the principle of “mandatory registration of legal name in background and voluntary use of legal name as screen name,” authenticate the identity information of registered users, and should not provide comments posting services for any user whose identity information has not been authenticated. The Provisions also prohibit providers of comments posting services and their personnel from seeking illegal benefits, such as selectively deleting or recommending comments for illicit interests or based on erroneous value orientation. They are also prohibited from using apps or hiring business organizations or individuals to disseminate information.

2.《无证无照经营查处办法》公布

日前，国务院公布《无证无照经营查处办法》，自2017年10月1日起施行。

《办法》共十九条，主要调整了无证无照经营的查处范围，明确了部门监管职责。

《办法》规定以下两类经营活动不属于无证无照经营：在县级以上地方人民政府指定的场所和时间，销售农副产品、日常生活用品，或者个人利用自己的技能从事依法无须取得许可的便民劳务活动；依照法律、行政法规、国务院决定的规定，从事无须取得许可或者办理注册登记的经营活动。此外，《办法》还规定查处部门应当坚持查处与引导相结合、处罚与教育相结合的原则，避免一概取缔的简单化执法。对于法律、行政法规对其处罚没有明确规定的无照经营行为，适当减轻法律责任，不再予以没收工具，并降低罚款数额。 

2. Measures for Investigating and Punishing Unlicensed Business Operations Issued

Recently, the State Council issued the Measures for Investigating and Punishing Unlicensed Business Operations, effective from October 1, 2017. 

With a total of 19 articles, the Measures mainly regulate the scope of investigation and punishment of unlicensed business operations, and specify the regulatory duties of departments.

According to the Measures, the following are not unlicensed business operations: selling agricultural products and by-products and daily necessities at the place and time designated by the people's governments at or above the county level or providing labor for the convenience of other people by individuals using their own skills for which no permit is legally required; and engaging in business operations for which no permit is required or only registration is required in accordance with laws, administrative regulations, and decisions of the State Council. In addition, the Measures also require that the authorities insist on the principles of combining investigation and punishment and guidance and combining punishment and education to avoid simple law enforcement such as a complete ban. If punishment is not specified in laws and administrative regulation for certain unlicensed business operations, legal liabilities should be appropriately mitigated, tools should no longer be confiscated, and the amounts of fines should be lowered.

3.司法部发文推进公共法律服务平台建设

近日，司法部印发《关于推进公共法律服务平台建设的意见》。

《意见》分别对公共法律服务实体、热线和网络三大平台建设作出了具体规定。在实体平台建设中，明确以县（市、区）、乡镇（街道）为重点，分别建立公共法律服务中心和公共法律服务工作站。对地（市）一级实体平台建设不作统一要求，在村（居）一级，推进一村（居）一法律顾问工作。在热线平台建设中，明确了热线平台的对外服务功能和后台管理功能。在网络平台建设中，规定网络平台由部、省两级平台组成，提出要形成以部级公共法律服务网为中枢、以各省（区、市）公共法律服务网为支撑的公共法律服务网站集群，通过多种终端提供法律服务。

3. MOJ to Promote the Construction of Public Legal Service Platforms

Recently, the Ministry of Justice (MOJ) issued the Opinions on Promoting the Construction of Public Legal Service Platforms.

The Opinions specifically provide for the construction of the physical, hotline and online public legal service platforms. In the construction of physical platforms, public legal service centers and public legal service stations should be constructed mainly in counties (cities or districts) and townships and towns (sub-districts) respectively. There are no uniform requirements for the construction of physical platforms at the prefecture (municipal) level. One legal counsel for one village (residential block) should be promoted. In the construction of hotline platforms, the external service and background management functions of such platforms are specified. In the construction of online platforms, which are composed of departmental and provincial platforms, the Opinions propose to form a public legal service website cluster with the departmental public legal service network as the hub and the provincial (autonomous region or municipality) public legal service network as the support to provide legal services through various terminals.

4.《关于开展质量提升行动的指导意见》发布

近日，中共中央、国务院发布了《关于开展质量提升行动的指导意见》。

《意见》提出，提高供给质量是供给侧结构性改革的主攻方向，全面提高产品和服务质量是提升供给体系的中心任务。要坚持以质量第一为价值导向，坚持以满足人民群众需求和增强国家综合实力为根本目的，坚持以企业为质量提升主体，坚持以改革创新为根本途径。到2020年，供给质量明显改善，供给体系更有效率，建设质量强国取得明显成效，质量总体水平显著提升，质量对提高全要素生产率和促进经济发展的贡献进一步增强，更好满足人民群众不断升级的消费需求。

4. Guiding Opinions on Launching a Quality Improvement Action Issued

Recently, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Guiding Opinions on Launching a Quality Improvement Action.

According to the Opinions, improving supply quality is the primary direction of the supply-side structural reform, and fully improving product and service quality is the central task of improving the supply system. "Quality first" in value orientation, meeting the needs of the mass and enhancing the country's integrated strength as the fundamental goals, regarding enterprises as the pillars to quality improvement, and reform and innovation as the fundamental means should be adhered to. By 2020, the supply quality should have been remarkably improved, the supply system should have been more efficient, significant achievements should have been made in building a powerful country in terms of quality, the overall level of quality should have been greatly increased, and the contributions of quality to increasing the total factor productivity and boosting economic growth should have been further enhanced, so as to better meet the escalating consumption needs of the mass.

5.《证券公司投资银行类业务内部控制指引》公开征求意见

近日，证监会就《证券公司投资银行类业务内部控制指引（征求意见稿）》向社会公开征求意见。

《意见稿》共八章102条，主要分为一般性规定和特殊性规定两大部分。一般性规定从内部控制组织体系、内部控制保障、主要控制内容、项目管理和工作底稿等方面展开，而内控具体内容也细分到了承揽至立项阶段、立项至报送阶段、报送至发行上市或挂牌阶段、后续管理阶段。特殊性规定包括资产证券化业务内部控制要求。

《意见稿》主要内容为：第一，收入机制大改革；第二，29项业务机制、制度有待建立健全；第三，首次提出“三道防线”架构；第四，人员配备设门槛；第五，业务承做集中统一；第六，恶性竞争被禁。

5. Comments Requested on Guidelines for the Internal Controls of Investment Bank Business of Securities Companies

The China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) is requesting public comments on the Guidelines for the Internal Controls of the Investment Bank Business of Securities Companies (Exposure Draft). 

With a total of 102 articles in eight chapters, the Exposure Draft is primarily divided into general provisions and special provisions. General provisions cover the internal control organization system, guarantee for internal controls, main controls, project management, and working papers. Concrete internal controls are set forth in detail for the stage of project contracting to initiation, the stage of project initiation to reporting, the stage of project reporting to listing or quotation, and the stage of subsequent management. Special provisions also involve internal control requirements for assets securitization.

The Exposure Draft focuses on: the reform of the income mechanism; the establishment and improvement of 29 business mechanisms and systems; the "three lines of defense" introduced for the first time; the threshold for staffing; the centralized and unified undertaking of business; and the prohibition of malicious competition.

6.《信托登记管理办法》出台

近日，《信托登记管理办法》正式出台。

信托登记信息包括信托产品名称、信托类别、信托目的、信托期限、信托当事人、信托财产、信托利益分配等。信托登记信息受法律保护，中信登应当对信托登记信息及相关文件依法保密。

从流程上来看，信托登记由信托机构提出申请，中信登接受信托机构提出的信托登记申请，依法办理信托登记业务。

《办法》中提到，中信登与信托机构应当建立专用网络，实现系统对接，确保信托登记信息和相关文件报送安全、高效。《办法》出台后，会对信托公司开展信托业务的规范性、信息披露的完整性和严谨性提出更高要求。

6. Trust Registration Measures Released

Recently, the Measures for the Administration of Trust Registration were officially issued. 

Trust information to be registered includes the name of a trust product, the type, purpose, and duration of a trust, the parties to a trust, trust property, and the distribution of trust benefits. Registered trust information is protected by the law, and China Trust Registration Co., Ltd. should keep the registered trust information and relevant documents confidential as legally required. 

In terms of the registration process, a trust institution files a request for registration, and China Trust Registration Co., Ltd. accepts the request and conducts trust registration according to the law.

According to the Measures, China Trust Registration Co., Ltd. should set up a dedicated network to achieve interconnection of systems and ensure safe and efficient submission of trust information for registration and relevant documents. The Measures set forth higher requirements for trust companies’ standardization of operations and completeness and accuracy of information disclosed.

7.监管部门将关闭代币融资平台

近日，中国人民银行、中央网信办、工信部等七部门联合发布了《关于防范代币发行融资风险的公告》。

《公告》主要内容为：一、准确认识代币发行融资活动的本质属性；二、任何组织和个人不得非法从事代币发行融资活动；三、加强代币融资交易平台的管理；四、各金融机构和非银行支付机构不得开展与代币发行融资交易相关的业务；五、社会公众应当高度警惕代币发行融资与交易的风险隐患；和六、充分发挥行业组织的自律作用。

7. Regulators to Close ICO Financing Platforms

Recently, seven departments including the People's Bank of China, the Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs, and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology jointly issued an Announcement on Preventing Risks in ICO Financing.

According to the Announcement, the essential attributes of ICO activities should be accurately recognized; no organization or individual may be engaged in ICO financing activities illegally; the management of ICO financing and trade platforms should be enhanced; financial institutions and non-bank payment institutions should not operate in any way related to ICO financing and trade; the public should be highly vigilant against risks and hazards in ICO financing and trade; and industry organizations should fully play their self-regulatory role. 

8.证监会发布公募基金流动性风险管理规定

近日，证监会发布《公开募集开放式证券投资基金流动性风险管理规定》，自2017年10月1日起施行。

《管理规定》共10章41条，主要内容涵盖基金管理人内部控制以及基金产品设计、投资限制、申购赎回管理、估值与信息披露等业务环节的规范，并针对货币市场基金的流动性风险管控做出了专门规定。

8. CSRC Issues Rules on Liquidity Risk Management of Publicly Offered Funds

The China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) recently issued the Provisions on the Liquidity Risk Management of Publicly Offered Open-End Securities Investment Funds, effective from October 1, 2017. 

With a total of 41 articles in ten chapters, the Provisions mainly regulate the internal controls of fund management institutions and the design, investment limitations, purchase and redemption management, valuation, and information disclosure, among others, of fund products, and specially address the management and control of liquidity risks of money market funds. 

9. 31个部门签署备忘录联合惩戒保险领域失信责任主体

近日，保监会等31个部门联合签署《关于对保险领域违法失信相关责任主体实施联合惩戒的合作备忘录》。

《备忘录》内容涵盖保险领域失信联合惩戒对象、惩戒措施、惩戒方式、信息共享、信息管理等5个方面，核心是6大类28项联合惩戒措施：一是限制联合惩戒对象市场准入；二是限制联合惩戒对象任职资格；三是加强对联合惩戒对象监管；四是限制联合惩戒对象部分消费行为；五是限制联合惩戒对象享受优惠政策；六是限制联合惩戒对象评优表彰。

9. 31 Departments Sign a Memo to Jointly Punish Dishonest Parties in the Insurance Field

Recently, the China Insurance Regulatory Commission and other 30 departments jointly signed a Memorandum of Understanding to Jointly Punish Dishonest Parties in the Insurance Field.

The Memorandum covers the subjects of joint punishment for dishonesty in the insurance field, punishment measures, manners of punishment, information sharing, and information management, primarily with six categories and 28 items of joint punishment measures: first, restricting the subjects of joint punishment from market access; second, restricting the subjects of joint punishment from assuming offices; third, strengthening supervision of the subjects of joint punishment; fourth, restricting certain consumption behavior of the subject of joint punishment; fifth, restricting the subjects of joint punishment from enjoying preferential policies; and sixth, restricting the subjects of joint punishment from receiving awards and honors.

10.最高法发布《公司法司法解释（四）》

近日，最高人民法院发布了《最高人民法院关于适用<中华人民共和国公司法>若干问题的规定（四）》，自2017年9月1日起施行。

《解释》包括27条规定，涉及决议效力、股东知情权、利润分配权、优先购买权和股东代表诉讼等五个方面纠纷案件审理中的法律适用问题。

《解释》主要内容为：（一）完善决议效力瑕疵诉讼制度；（二）依法强化对股东法定知情权的保护；（三）积极探索完善对股东利润分配权的司法救济；（四）规范股东优先购买权的行使和损害救济；（五）完善股东代表诉讼机制。

10. SPC Issues Interpretation (IV) on Company Law

Recently, the Supreme People's Court (SPC) issued the Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues concerning the Application of the Company Law of the People's Republic of China (IV), effective from September 1, 2017.

In a total of 27 articles, the Interpretation covers issues concerning the application of law to cases involving the validity of resolutions, shareholders' right to information, right to profit distribution, and preemptive right, and shareholder derivative actions.

Interpretation mainly intends to improve the procedural rules for the validity of flawed resolutions; enhance the protection of shareholders' legal right to information; proactively explore and improve judicial remedies for shareholders' right to profit distribution; regulate the exercise of shareholders' preemptive right and remedies; and improve the shareholder derivative action mechanism.

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