假期熬的夜能补回来吗？免疫细胞：不能！

译介 2023-06-20

收录于合集 #双语精选 46个

国庆长假大家是不是在家疯狂熬夜呢？

我们都知道睡眠不足有很多危害，比如脱发、思考能力下降等等。最近，纽约西奈山伊坎医学院一项最新研究表明，长期睡眠不足会对免疫细胞产生影响，有可能导致炎性疾病和心血管疾病。

你可能会问，这些影响靠补觉能补回来吗？一起到文中找答案吧！

Chronic lack of sleep may negatively affect our immune cells, raising certain health risks: New study

新研究表明：长期缺觉会对免疫细胞产生负面影响，增加某些健康风险

Losing an hour-and-a-half of sleep each night on a consistent basis may lead to inflammatory disorders and cardiovascular disease, according to a new study from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City.

纽约西奈山伊坎医学院一项最新研究表明，若每晚缺少1.5小时睡眠，长此以往可能会导致炎性疾病和心血管疾病。

The study — published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine on Wed., Sept. 21, 2022 — found that a chronic lack of sleep could affect a person’s immune cells and contribute to inflammation in the body.

该研究于2022年9月21日发表在《实验医学杂志》上。研究发现长期缺觉会影响人体免疫细胞，并导致体内出现炎症。

"An increase of inflammation makes you susceptible to a whole bunch of problems, in particular cardiovascular diseases," co-lead investigator （Cameron McAlpine）, Ph.D., assistant professor of medicine (cardiology) at Icahn Mount Sinai, told Fox News Digital in an interview.

在接受采访时，联合首席研究员、伊坎西奈山医学院（心脏病学）助理教授卡梅隆·麦卡尔平（Cameron McAlpine）博士对福克斯新闻数字频道表示：“炎症的增加会使你容易出现许多问题，特别是心血管疾病。”

McAlpine is one of the researchers who participated in the new study.

麦卡尔平是参与该项新研究的研究人员之一。

Lead author Filip Swirski, Ph.D., director of the Cardiovascular Research Institute at Icahn Mount Sinai, said in a news release, "This work emphasizes the importance of adults consistently sleeping seven to eight hours a day to help prevent inflammation and disease, especially for those with underlying medical conditions."

主要作者、伊坎西奈山心血管研究所所长菲利普·斯维尔斯基（Filip Swirski）博士在一份新闻稿中指出：“该研究强调了成年人每天持续睡7至8小时对预防炎症和疾病的重要性，特别是对于那些患有基础性疾病的人。”

The researchers said the study begins to identify the mechanisms in the body that link sleep and immunological health over the long term.

研究人员称，关于人体内睡眠和免疫健康之间的长期联系机制，该研究已开始有所进展。

The study revealed that in humans and mice, disturbed sleep can influence the cell programming and rate of production of the immune cells; this can then cause the immune cells to lose their effectiveness in protecting against disease.

研究显示，在人类和小鼠中，睡眠紊乱会影响细胞编程和免疫细胞的生成速率，从而导致免疫细胞丧失对疾病的免疫力。

It can also affect the rate of production of these cells and potentially make infections worse.

而免疫细胞免疫力的丧失反过来又会影响它们的生成速率，并有可能使感染恶化。

Researchers also found disturbing evidence in the mice model study that these effects may be long-lasting.

研究人员还在小鼠模型研究中发现了令人不安的迹象：这些影响可能是长期性的。

"This is important because it is yet another key observation that sleep reduces inflammation and, conversely, that sleep interruption increases inflammation," Swirski said in a news release.

斯维尔斯基在一份新闻稿中表示：“这一发现很重要，因为另一关键研究结果显示，睡眠充足会减少炎症，反之，睡眠不足会增加炎症。”

McAlpine told Fox News Digital that the purpose of the study was to better understand how chronic sleep disruption may affect cardiovascular conditions that develop over time due to inflammation.

麦卡尔平对福克斯新闻数字频道表示，该研究的目的是为更好地了解长期睡眠不足如何影响由炎症发展而成的心血管疾病。

These findings, he said, may help with research involving other inflammatory diseases and conditions in the body, such as arthritis.

他指出，这些发现可能有助于其他身体炎症性疾病和症状的研究，譬如关节炎。

The study looked at long-term effects of chronic sleep deprivation, said McAlpine, compared to a short-term interruption in sleep over a few days.

麦卡尔平表示，该研究关注长期睡眠不足的长期影响，同时将其与短期睡眠不足的影响做了比较。

He said the study helped identify biological mechanisms and pathways that link sleep and immune system health over a long period.

他说，该研究有助于发现长期联系睡眠和免疫系统健康的生物机制和途径。

The investigators looked at 14 healthy adults who regularly sleep eight hours a night.

研究人员对14名保持8小时睡眠习惯的健康成年人进行了研究。

Participants were monitored at first as they slept at least eight hours a night for six weeks. The team of researchers took blood samples and analyzed the participants’ immune cells.

首先，对参与者进行监测，他们每晚至少睡8小时，持续6周。研究小组采集了血样并分析了参与者的免疫细胞。

The group of participants then decreased their sleep time by 90 minutes each night for six weeks — and had their blood drawn and analyzed again.

随后，该组参与者每晚减少90分钟的睡眠时间，持续6周后再次采集血样并进行分析。

The investigators compared the blood samples and found that all 14 participants had significant changes in their immune cells that they attributed to the lack of sleep.

研究人员对血样进行了比对，发现这14名参与者的免疫细胞均发生了显著变化，他们将这归因于睡眠不足。

The reduced sleep blood samples showed an altered DNA structure and an increased number of immune cells.

减少睡眠时间后的血样呈现出DNA结构的改变，且免疫细胞数量增加。

Typically, in a heightened state of inflammation, health experts explained to Fox News Digital that there are increased numbers of immune cells.

健康专家向福克斯新闻数字频道解释道，通常在炎症加剧时免疫细胞的数量会增加。

The researchers also looked at the effect of sleep disruption in mice.

研究人员还研究了睡眠不足对小鼠的影响。

In the mice model, groups of mice were allowed to sleep undisturbed, while another group was awakened throughout the night for 16 weeks.

在小鼠模型中，有几组小鼠在睡觉时不受干扰，而另一组则整晚被唤醒，持续16周。

The mice in the disrupted sleep group then went through uninterrupted sleep recovery for 10 weeks, according to the report.

报告称，睡眠受干扰的那组小鼠随后又经历了连续10周的睡眠恢复期。

The research team analyzed the immune stem cells and the cells from the groups of mice — and the findings were consistent with the human study, McAlpine said.

麦卡尔平表示，研究小组分析了各组小鼠的免疫干细胞和细胞，结果与以人类为对象的研究相一致。

"We found in [both] the human and mice models [that] if you disturb sleep, you get heightened inflammation in the blood."

“我们在人类和小鼠模型中都发现，如果睡眠受到干扰，那么血液中的炎症就会加剧。”

The heightened state of inflammation in the mice that had fragmented sleep did not reverse even after sleep recovery, McAlpine also told Fox News Digital.

麦卡尔平还告诉福克斯新闻数字频道，那些睡眠断断续续的小鼠，即使在睡眠恢复后，它们炎症加剧的状态也未能逆转。

Not all stem cells responded to insufficient sleep in the same manner, he said.

他指出，并非所有干细胞都会对睡眠不足作出同样的反应。

"Unfortunately, in the human study, we did not assess recovery — but [we] did look at recovery in mice. And in mice, we found some parameters of inflammation did return to regular levels with sleep recovery — however, not all."

“可惜在对人类的研究中，我们没有评估恢复情况，但我们确实观察了小鼠的恢复情况。在小鼠研究中，我们发现一些炎症参数确实随着睡眠恢复而恢复到正常水平，但并非全部。”

McAlpine said that some cells did remain (after the sleep recovery) that predisposed mice to inflammation.

麦卡尔平说，一些细胞（在睡眠恢复后）仍未恢复，使小鼠容易出现炎症。

In a news release, the co-investigator said, "Our findings suggest that sleep recovery is not able to fully reverse the effects of poor-quality sleep. We can detect a molecular imprint of insufficient sleep in immune stem cells, even after weeks of recovery sleep. This … can cause the cells to respond in inappropriate ways, leading to inflammation and disease."

在一份新闻稿中，这位联合研究员表示：“我们的研究发现表明，恢复睡眠并不能完全逆转低质量睡眠的影响。即使恢复睡眠数周后，我们仍能在免疫干细胞中检测到睡眠不足的分子印迹，这就会使细胞作出不恰当的反应，从而导致炎症和疾病。”

今日词汇

immune cells 免疫细胞

health risks 健康风险

inflammatory disorders 炎性疾病

cardiovascular disease 心血管疾病

inflammation n. 发炎，炎症

molecular imprint 分子印迹

翻译讨论

The researchers said the study begins to identify the mechanisms in the body that link sleep and immunological health over the long term.

调整前：研究人员称，该研究开始确定身体内长期将睡眠和免疫健康相联系的机制。

调整后：研究人员称，关于人体内睡眠和免疫健康之间的长期联系机制，该研究已开始有所进展。