干货 | 驻美大使秦刚用这7个热词介绍当下中国（双语对照）

翻译米语言服务 2022-07-01

收录于合集 #翻译干货 85个

点击上方“语言服务” 可以订阅

如果用几个词向外国人

描述今年的中国，

你会用哪些词汇？

这些关键词用英文该如何表达？

驻美大使秦刚在美亚学会“旅游和人文交流”主题论坛上的主旨演讲中，以图文并茂的方式和生动风趣的语言，选取当下中国流行的7个热词，向美国公众介绍了中国的最新发展情况和中国人的精神面貌，帮助国际友人了解中国社会正在发生的变化和中国人都在想些什么、做些什么。

这7个热词分别为：

“

People First, Life First

人民至上、生命至上

Heroes in Harm’s Way

逆行者

Lie Flat

躺平

Versailles

凡尔赛

Celebrity Fan Clubs

饭圈

Involution

内卷

Double Reduction

双减

“人民至上、生命至上”和“逆行者”彰显了生命至上、举国同心、舍生忘死、尊重科学、命运与共的伟大抗疫精神；

“躺平”“凡尔赛”“饭圈”三个网络词汇勾勒出中国部分年轻人的生活方式和思想状态，以及社交媒体文化和商业化追星行为；

“内卷”和“双减”的对比介绍反映了当今中国社会高度竞争带来的压力和商业化带来的冲击以及中国政府和社会如何应对。

讲话节选

人民至上、生命至上

● 一是人民至上、生命至上。这组词产生于抗疫，但在中国却有着悠久历史和深沉的人文情怀。2000多年前，孔子提出“民惟邦本”思想，强调人是国家的根本。中国共产党成立百年来奋斗的初心和使命就是为人民谋幸福。坚持以人民为中心，是中国共产党的执政理念和中国特色社会主义核心价值观之一。疫情肆虐时，我们前所未有调集全国资源、举国同心开展最严格、最全面、最彻底的大规模科学防控和救治，不放弃每一个角落，不放弃每一个生的希望，从出生仅30个小时的婴儿到100多岁的老人，不计代价，全力免费救治。目前，疫情在中国全境得到有效控制，局部地区出现散发病例或聚集性疫情，都能迅速得到遏制。

●The first buzzword is 人民至上、生命至上, or people first, life first. This phrase was from China’s fight against the pandemic, and it is rooted in Chinese history and reflects a deep concern for humanity. Over 2,000 years ago, Confucius raised the idea that people are the foundation of a country. The founding mission of the Communist Party of China is to pursue happiness for the people, and putting people at the center is a guiding principle of the CPC and a core value of socialism with Chinese characteristics. When COVID-19 hit China, we mobilized resources nationwide and launched an epic campaign to fight it. The whole country was united as one, with no place left behind and no life given up. From a 30-hour-old baby to senior citizens of over 100 years old, no cost was spared to save a life, and all the treatment was free. Now the pandemic has been put under effective control in China, and sporadic or cluster cases in a few regions were all curbed very quickly.

逆行者

● 是指在抗疫过程中那些不惧风险、迎难而上、无私奉献的人物群体。他们中有从全国各地奔赴疫情一线、与时间赛跑、跟病毒搏击、抢救生命的医护工作者、解放军、消防员；有通宵奋战仅用10余天时间建成战地医院的建筑工人；有把私家车当出租车免费接送病患和医务工作者的普通市民；有日夜值守的公安干警，抢运物资的卡车司机，坚守岗位的快递小哥、保安、环卫工人；还有在社区执行管理检测、为居民订菜送饭倒垃圾的志愿者。

● 逆行者, or heroes in harm’s way, which refers to the everyday heroes who put their mission before their lives and made fearless sacrifices to fight the pandemic. There were medical professionals, military personnel and firefighters who rose to the challenge on the frontline and raced against time to save lives; there were construction workers who worked around the clock to build hospitals in less than two weeks; there were volunteer drivers who used their private cars to give free rides to patients and medical staff; there were countless police officers, truck drivers, delivery persons, street cleaners, community workers, who held on to their posts day and night to keep people’s daily life up and running at a special time.

躺平

● 是指一些年轻人放弃奋斗、不思进取，他们或逃避竞争、低欲望生活，或不想工作、回家啃老，类似美国的归巢族。选择躺平的人，有的家境比较优越，一出生就躺赢；有的认为不管怎样，都有国家基本医疗、失业保险和养老保险等兜底。这和他们的父辈不同，那时，家家户户没有这么好的条件，社会资源紧缺，凭票购物，想躺平也没条件，只能奋斗。另一方面，与父辈相比，这一代年轻人面临着更大的压力和竞争，如就业、职场、住房、生育等等，仅举一个数字，每年就有一千万大学毕业生走向社会。有人认为躺平是一种与世无争，无欲无求的人生处世哲学；有人认为躺平是对社会快速发展的无奈选择；有人认为躺平是为了释放情绪后更好地站起来；但更多的人不认同躺平，认为躺平是精致利己主义。人们更崇尚逆行者。

● 躺平, or lie flat, which describes the youngsters who give up ambitions and do the bare minimum to get by. They are either trying to evade competition and lead a low-desire life, or they just don’t want to work and choose to live off their parents, like some boomerang kids in America. “Lie-flatters” are either from well-off families, born with a silver spoon in mouth, or believe that whatever comes their way, they have basic medical insurance, pension and unemployment subsidies to fall back on. This is totally different from previous generations, who didn’t have the luxury to “lie flat”, because they had to tighten their belts and work hard to earn a living. At the same time, compared with older generations, youngsters nowadays face greater competition in employment, career, housing and parenthood. To give you an idea of that, ten million college graduates enter the job market every year. Some people think “lying flat” stands for a life philosophy of no worldly pursuits; some take it as a passive choice in a fast changing society; some believe this is just to vent stress before they get going again. But more people don’t approve the “lie-flatters”, who they believe are just refined egoists, and people have greater respect for 逆行者,heroes in harm’s way.

凡尔赛

● 源自法国宫殿名称，在当下中国引申为一种自诩的贵族精神，用来指有些人在朋友圈中以故作委婉、先抑后扬的话语方式，炫耀自己精致优雅、与众不同。比如，有的人为了炫耀自己有钱，就会说，“我最近不得不搬家，因为有私人车库的别墅才有私人充电桩，特斯拉才能用”；还有的人炫耀自己出境游，发帖“今晚我要去维多利亚港哭，以后努力赚钱去巴黎哭。”对种种“凡尔赛”，社交媒体评论区里各种羡慕、嫉妒、恨。

● 凡尔赛, or Versailles, originally from the Palace of Versailles in France. The word was borrowed to refer to the self-claimed aristocratic spirit. On social media, it is used to label humble-braggers, who pretend to sound modest when they flaunt their rich and unique lifestyle. For example, some people want to brag about their new villa, “Oh, I hate to move but I have to, because you only get your own Supercharger for Tesla in a private garage”. Some people show off their luxury travel, “Weeping tonight at Victoria Harbor. Will save my tears for Paris next time.” These are typical examples of humble-bragging, which are usually followed by plenty of FOMO comments on social media.

内卷

● 作为新的网络词汇，是指非理性内部竞争，或是“被自愿”竞争，个人努力遭受通货膨胀。中国年轻人面临成长压力，在高度竞争中，许多人认为成功比成长更重要，同伴彼此PK，家长暗中较劲，培训班鄙视链、学区房排位赛等教育军备竞赛万众参与。家长们望子成龙，谁都不愿自己孩子输在起跑线上，于是虎妈、鸡娃，拼爹、拼妈，还得拼校外功夫。而那些吊起家长胃口的各种线上线下教育培训机构野蛮生长，又进一步加剧内卷，教育沦为产业。一些小学生的补习安排甚至比正在备考的高中生还紧，各种科目应接不暇。家长累，孩子也累，钱包空了，亲子时光也没了。

● 内卷, or involution. A latest buzzword, it means irrational or involuntary competition. Because of it, people feel burned out, and individual efforts are made less worthwhile. In a highly competitive era, people tend to think success is more important than personal growth. With fierce competition between students and between parents, and chains of contempt found in everything from after-school classes to school-district housing, no one can stay immune from the arms race in education. Out of anxiety or vanity, tiger parents would keep pushing their kids to learn more and take more after-school classes, and they would bend over backwards to help their kids succeed. Training schools have taken advantage of this to grow wildly. As a result, involution intensifies, and education becomes a profitable industry. Some elementary pupils have a schedule more packed than high school students, with their subjects so varied that you cannot even imagine. In such an environment, both parents and children get very tired, parents’ wallets empty, and there is no quality time with children to speak of.

“双减”

● 就是政府针对内卷出台的政策，要减轻义务教育阶段学生作业负担和校外培训负担，目的是让教育回归本真，孩子要在学校里，德智体全面发展，使成长比成功更重要，不能让资本操作教育。“双减”来了，孩子课业压力小了，小伙伴们不用再比拼谁上的课外班多、课外班有名，孩子们有更多时间锻炼玩耍了，天性得到释放。可还是有家长觉得天塌了，花钱把自己孩子培养成学霸，现在却被剥夺了靠多刷题出人头地的机会。但更多家长觉得天亮了，终于不那么累了，可以护住自己的钱包，不受教育商业化忽悠了。

● 双减, or double reduction. This is a recent policy to address involution in education. It aims to reduce the excessive homework load and after-school tutoring hours for students in compulsory education. With capital restricted in education sector, education will return to its original purpose, children can have all-round development in school, and personal growth will be considered more important than success. The “double reduction” policy has lessened students’ academic burden and peer pressure. They don’t have to vie with each other in after-school classes any more. They have more time for sports, play and their real hobbies. But for parents, some may feel that their world is collapsing. They have spent all the money to get their kids ahead of others, and now they can’t cram the kids any more. Still, most parents feel that their world is lighting up. They don’t have to get themselves so tired and their wallets emptied, and they don’t have to be part of commercialization of education any more.

饭圈

● 指娱乐业粉丝组成的圈子。一些明星为追求流量，通过互联网平台、商业炒作，误导粉丝疯狂追星模仿，导致粉丝中模糊身份认同者有之，散尽家财者有之。在种种混乱畸形的背后，是互联网平台及其幕后资本主导的一条利益链。饭圈文化是娱乐圈过度商业化、资本化的扭曲反映。政府正在整治引导。

● 饭圈, or celebrity fan clubs. To attract eyeballs, some celebrities used the Internet to hype up themselves, and their fans crazily imitated their misbehaviors. As a result, some fans got confused with their identity, while others spent every penny they had in chasing their idols. Behind all these abnormities is a chain of interests dominated by online platforms and the capital that supports them. The “饭圈” culture reflects the excessive influence that commercialization plays in the entertainment industry, and the government is introducing measures to regulate this phenomenon.

秦刚大使表示，时间有限，只能先说这些一个真实、立体、全面的中国还有待大家去沉浸式感知和发现。

例如：“一时半会儿还去不了中国，怎么办呢？如果想去故宫转转，可以登录他们的3D全景虚拟漫游，一饱眼福；想吃中国美食，可以上许许多多的中国美食博主网站，望梅止渴；想去北京秀水街逛店购物，可以上电商直播平台，挑中了，让他们给你快递过来……”

今日互动

秦刚大使提到的热词，

哪个最让你印象深刻？

除了这些关键词，

你还想补充哪些词语

来描述今天的中国呢？

本文来源：翻译米公众号整理自

中华人民共和国驻美合众国大使馆

翻译干货

干货 | 夹用英文的中文文本的标点符号用法（附电子版下载）