「Part 17」2019政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

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「Part 17」2019政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

LearnAndRecord 2020-10-07

本系列笔记由「才思汇·啃报告小分队」出品。

壮大绿色环保产业。

We will strengthen green and environmentally friendly industries.

注：

绿色环保产业

green and environmentally friendly industries

2017年报告：培育壮大节能环保产业 We will strengthen energy conservation and environmental protection industries;

2016年报告：大力发展节能环保产业 We will work to develop the energy conservation and environmental protection industries.

坚持源头治理，加快火电、钢铁行业超低排放改造，

To address problems at the source, we will quicken the pace of upgrading in thermal power, steel, and other industries to achieve ultra-low emissions,

注：

源头治理

address problems at the source

火电

thermal power

超低排放

ultra-low emissions

实施重污染行业达标排放改造。

and enforce upgrades in heavy-polluting sectors to achieve compliance with standards.

注：

重污染行业

heavy-polluting sectors

达标

achieve compliance with standards

调整优化能源结构。

We will adjust and improve the energy mix,

推进煤炭清洁化利用。

promote the cleaner use of coal,

注：

清洁化利用

the cleaner use of ...

健全天然气产供储销体系。

and establish better systems for the production, supply, storage, and sale of natural gas.

注：

天然气产供储销体系

systems for the production, supply, storage, and sale of natural gas

大力发展可再生能源，

We will promote the dynamic development of renewable energy,

注：

可再生能源

renewable energy

加快解决风、光、水电消纳问题。

and work faster to address the problem of idle capacity in wind, solar, and hydroelectric power.

注：

消纳问题

the problem of idle capacity

水电

hydroelectric power

加大城市污水管网和处理设施建设力度。

The development of sewer networks and treatment facilities in urban areas will be sped up.

注：

污水管网

sewer networks

处理设施

treatment facilities

促进资源节约集约和循环利用，

We will encourage the economical and intensive use of resources and their recycling,

注：

资源节约集约利用

the economical and intensive use of resources

推广绿色建筑、绿色快递包装。

and expand the construction of eco-friendly buildings and the use of green packaging in the delivery industry.

注：

绿色建筑

eco-friendly buildings

绿色快递包装

green packaging in the delivery industry

改革完善环境经济政策，

We will reform and improve environmental economic policies,

注：

environmental economic policies

环境经济政策

健全排污权交易制度，

improve the pollution rights trading system,

注：

排污权交易制度

the pollution rights trading system

加快发展绿色金融，

accelerate the development of green finance,

培育一批专业化环保骨干企业，提升绿色发展能力。

develop leading enterprises specializing in environmental protection, and enhance our capacity for green development.

注：

骨干企业

leading enterprises

专业化环保骨干企业

leading enterprises specializing in environmental protection

加强生态系统保护修复。

We will step up efforts to protect and restore ecosystems.

推进山水林田湖草生态保护修复工程试点，

We will press ahead with trials to conserve and restore the ecosystems of mountains, rivers, lakes, forests, farmland, and grassland.

注：

山水林田湖草生态系统

the ecosystems of mountains, rivers, lakes, forests, farmland, and grassland

持续抓好国土绿化，加强荒漠化、石漠化、水土流失治理。

We will continue to strengthen afforestation and the control of desertification, rock desertification, and soil erosion.

注：

绿化-->植树造林

afforestation

· afforestation表示“植树造林”（the act of planting trees in order to make a forest）

荒漠化

desertification

石漠化

rock desertification

水土流失

soil erosion

加大生物多样性保护力度。

Biodiversity protection will be strengthened.

注：

生物多样性

biodiversity

继续开展退耕还林还草还湿。

Work will continue on turning marginal farmland into forest, grassland, and wetlands.

注：

退耕还林还草还湿

turning marginal farmland into forest, grassland, and wetlands

深化国家公园体制改革。

Reform of the national parks system will be deepened.

注：

国家公园体制

the national parks system

健全生态补偿机制。

Compensation mechanisms for ecological conservation will be improved.

注：

生态补偿机制

compensation mechanisms for ecological conservation

绿色发展人人有责，贵在行动、成在坚持。

Promoting green development is down to every last one of us; its success hinges on action and commitment.

注：

人人有责

be down to every last one of us

贵在行动、成在坚持

hinge on action and commitment

我们要共同努力，让人民群众享有美丽宜居环境。

We must all work together to create a beautiful and livable environment for our people.

（八）深化重点领域改革，加快完善市场机制。

8. We will deepen reforms in key sectors and speed up the improvement of market mechanisms.

聚焦突出矛盾和关键环节，推动相关改革深化，

We will focus on resolving acute problems and strengthening key links, deepen relevant reforms,

注：

突出矛盾

acute problems

关键环节

key links

健全与高质量发展相适应的体制机制，

make our systems and mechanisms better able to promote high-quality development,

注：

体制机制

systems and mechanisms

把市场活力和社会创造力充分释放出来。

and fully unlock market dynamism and social creativity.

注：

市场活力

market dynamism

社会创造力

social creativity

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告Part 3：实体经济活力不断释放 steadily unleash the dynamism of the real economy

· unlock表示“发掘（潜力）；揭开（秘密）”（If you unlock the potential or the secrets of something or someone, you release them.）

· unleash表示“释放”（If you say that someone or something unleashes a powerful force, feeling, activity, or group, you mean that they suddenly start it or send it somewhere）

加快国资国企改革。

We will accelerate state capital and SOE reforms.

注：

国资

state capital

国企

SOE（state-owned enterprise）

加强和完善国有资产监管，

We will strengthen and improve the regulation of state assets,

注：

国有资产

state assets

推进国有资本投资、运营公司改革试点，促进国有资产保值增值。

and continue to conduct trial reforms to establish state capital investment and management companies, so as to maintain and increase the value of state assets.

注：

国有资本投资

state capital investment

运营公司

management companies

积极稳妥推进混合所有制改革。

Reforms to introduce mixed ownership will be actively but prudently advanced.

注：

混合所有制

mixed ownership

积极稳妥

be actively but prudently

完善公司治理结构，健全市场化经营机制，建立职业经理人等制度。

We will improve corporate governance structures, make their operating mechanisms market-based, and introduce measures and practices such as hiring professional managers.

注：

公司治理结构

corporate governance structures

职业经理人

professional managers

依法处置“僵尸企业”。

We will work in accordance with law to address “zombie enterprises.”

注：

“僵尸企业”

“zombie enterprises”

深化电力、油气、铁路等领域改革，

Reforms will be deepened in sectors including power, oil and natural gas, and railways.

注：

油气

oil and natural gas

自然垄断行业要根据不同行业特点实行网运分开，将竞争性业务全面推向市场。

In natural monopoly industries, network ownership and operation will be separated in light of the specific conditions of these industries to make the competitive aspects of their operations fully market based.

注：

自然垄断行业

natural monopoly industries

根据不同行业特点

in light of the specific conditions of ... industries

网运分开

separate network ownership and operation

“网运分离”模式是指把具有自然垄断性的国家铁路网基础设施与具有市场竞争性的铁路客货运输分离开，组建国家铁路路网公司和若干个客运公司、货运公司，实行分类管理。

国有企业要通过改革创新、强身健体，不断增强发展活力和核心竞争力。

SOEs should get stronger and healthier through reform and innovation to continue increasing their vitality and core competitiveness.

注：

核心竞争力

core competitiveness

下大气力优化民营经济发展环境。

We will work for big improvements in the development environment for the private sector.

注：

下大气力优化

work for big improvements in

坚持“两个毫不动摇”，鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展。

We will uphold the “two no irresolutions” principle, and encourage, support, and guide the development of the non-public sector.

注：

“两个毫不动摇”

the “two no irresolutions” principle

两个毫不动摇指的是：毫不动摇巩固和发展公有制经济；毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展。

This refers to no irresolution in consolidating and developing the public sector, and no irresolution in encouraging, supporting, and guiding the development of the non-public sector.

按照竞争中性原则，在要素获取、准入许可、经营运行、政府采购和招投标等方面，对各类所有制企业平等对待。

We will follow the principle of competitive neutrality, so that when it comes to access to factors of production, market access and licenses, business operations, government procurement, public biddings, and so on, enterprises under all forms of ownership will be treated on an equal footing.

注：

竞争中性原则

the principle of competitive neutrality

要素获取

access to factors of production

准入许可

market access and licenses

经营运行

business operations

政府采购

government procurement

招投标

public biddings

平等对待

be treated on an equal footing

构建亲清新型政商关系，健全政企沟通机制，

We will foster a new type of cordial and clean relationship between government and business, improve mechanisms for their communication,

注：

亲清新型政商关系

a new type of cordial and clean relationship between government and business

对党委政府而言，所谓“亲”,就是要坦荡真诚同民营企业接触交往，特别是在民营企业遇到困难和问题情况下更要积极作为、靠前服务，对企业主多关注、多谈心、多引导，帮助解决实际困难。所谓“清”,就是同企业家的关系要清白、纯洁,不能有贪心私心,不能以权谋私,不能搞权钱交易。

· cordial表示“热诚的；友好的”（friendly but quite polite and formal）

激发企业家精神，促进民营经济发展升级。

inspire entrepreneurial spirit, and promote development and upgrading in the private sector.

注：

企业家精神

entrepreneurial spirit

保护产权必须坚定不移，

In the protection of property rights we must be firm and unwavering.

注：

产权

property rights

坚定不移

be firm and unwavering

对侵权行为要依法惩处，对错案冤案要有错必纠。

Infringements on property rights will be dealt with in accordance with law and any wrongly adjudicated cases will be corrected.

注：

依法惩处

be dealt with in accordance with law

错案冤案

wrongly adjudicated cases

要努力打造良好营商环境，让企业家安心搞经营、放心办企业。

We will strive to create a positive business environment in which entrepreneurs can be free of concerns in doing business and running companies.

注：

良好营商环境

a positive business environment

安心搞经营、放心办企业

be free of concerns in doing business and running companies

深化财税金融体制改革。

We will deepen reforms of the fiscal, taxation, and financial systems.

注：

财税金融体制

the fiscal, taxation, and financial systems

加大预算公开改革力度，

We will take further reform measures to make budgets more transparent,

全面实施预算绩效管理。

and conduct performance-based budget management across the country.

注：

预算绩效管理

performance-based budget management

深化中央与地方财政事权和支出责任划分改革，推进中央与地方收入划分改革。

We will deepen the reform to define the respective fiscal powers and expenditure responsibilities of central and local governments and move forward with reforming the way revenue is divided between them.

注：

财政事权和支出责任

fiscal powers and expenditure responsibilities

完善转移支付制度。

We will improve the transfer payments system.

注：

转移支付制度

the transfer payments system

健全地方税体系，稳步推进房地产税立法。

We will improve local tax systems and make steady progress in legislation on real estate tax.

注：

地方税体系

local tax systems

房地产税

real estate tax

规范地方政府举债融资机制。

We will improve the mechanisms by which local governments secure financing.

注：

举债融资

secure financing

· secure作动词表示“为（债务或贷款）作抵押”（if you secure a debt or a loan , you legally promise that, if you cannot pay back the money you have borrowed, you will give the lender goods or property of the same value instead）

以服务实体经济为导向，改革优化金融体系结构，发展民营银行和社区银行。

We will reform and improve the structure of the financial system, and develop private and community banks, to better serve the real economy.

注：

服务实体经济

serve the real economy

金融体系结构

the structure of the financial system

民营银行和社区银行

private and community banks

改革完善资本市场基础制度，促进多层次资本市场健康稳定发展，

We will reform and improve the basic systems of the capital market to promote the healthy and steady development of multi-tiered capital markets.

注：

资本市场基础制度

the basic systems of the capital market

多层次资本市场

multi-tiered capital markets

提高直接融资特别是股权融资比重。

The proportion of direct financing, particularly equity financing, will be increased.

注：

直接融资

direct financing

股权融资

equity financing

增强保险业风险保障功能。

The insurance sector's role in protecting against risk will be enhanced.

注：

保险业

insurance sector

加强金融风险监测预警和化解处置。

We will strengthen monitoring, early warnings, mitigation, and control of financial risks.

注：

监测预警和化解处置

monitoring, early warnings, mitigation, and control

我国财政金融体系总体稳健，可运用的政策工具多，我们有能力守住不发生系统性风险的底线。

China's fiscal and financial systems are on the whole stable, and we have many policy tools available, so we are fully capable of ensuring that no systemic risks will emerge.

注：

财政金融体系

fiscal and financial systems

系统性风险

systemic risks

「类似表述对比」

2018年报告：完全能够守住不发生系统性风险的底线 We are fully capable of forestalling systemic risks.

2016年报告：坚决守住不发生系统性区域性风险的底线 and make sure that no systemic or regional financial risks arise.

「未完待续」

「持续更新中」

「Part 16」2019政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 15」2019政府工作报告中英文对照注释版