Legislative Updates | 法宝双语新闻（第19期）

【来源】北大法宝英文译本库

【责任编辑】姜莹；徐光平

【声明】本文由北大法宝编写，转载请注明来源。

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1. 反不正当竞争法首次修订发布

新修订的反不正当竞争法近日经全国人大常委会表决通过，明年1月1日起施行。

新法对虚假宣传的具体内容予以细化，明确经营者不得对其商品的销售状况、用户评价刷单，作出引人误解的虚假宣传内容。

在第十二条中，增加了利用互联网技术实施不正当竞争的条款，列举了几种利用网络从事生产经营不得实施的行为，其中包括，恶意对其他经营者合法提供的网络产品或者服务实施不兼容。

同时，进一步明确了混淆行为的概念，将‘引人误认’作为它的核心的判断标准，对于擅自使用他人的标识做出了一个限定，要求该标识在相关领域有一定的影响。

1. Anti-Unfair Competition Law as Revised for the First Time Released

The newly revised Anti-Unfair Competition Law recently passed the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, and will take effect on January 1. 2018.

The new Law details what is false publicity, and clearly prohibits a business from conducting false and misleading publicity in respect of its sales and consumers’ comments.

Article 12 is a new clause on acts of unfair competition committed by Internet technology. Among the acts prohibited in online production and distribution is an act of causing in bad faith incompatibility with an online product or service legally provided by another business.

The law further clarifies what is an act of confusion, taking “misleading people into believing” as the core criterion of determination and requiring certain influence in the relevant field of a label of another person used without permission.

2. 央行修订《应收账款质押登记办法》

近日，中国人民银行对《应收账款质押登记办法》进行了修订，于2017年10月25日发布，自2017年12月1日起施行。

《登记办法》在附则中增加了应收账款转让登记参照质押登记办理的条款。

同时，还完善了应收账款定义：一是增加兜底条款，定义部分增加“依法享有的其他付款请求权”，列举部分增加“其他以合同为基础的具有金钱给付内容的债权”；二是将“提供服务产生的债权”细化为“提供医疗、教育、旅游等服务或劳务产生的债权”。

此外，修订后的《登记办法》还调整了登记期限。将登记期限从“1年-5年”扩展为“0.5年-30年”。

2. Central Bank Revises Measures for Registering Pledge of Accounts Receivable

The Measures for the Registration of Pledge of Accounts Receivable as revised by the People’s Bank of China were issued on October 25, 2017, and will take effect on December 1, 2017.

The Measures add a clause in the Supplemental Provisions that the transfer registration of accounts receivable is governed mutatis mutandis by the Measures.

The Measures improve the definition of accounts receivable: first, adding a catch-all phrase in the definition: “other claims for payment according to the law”, and adding “other creditor’s rights based on contracts including pecuniary delivery” in the enumeration; second, changing “creditor’s rights arising from the provision of services” into “creditor’s rights arising from medical, education, travel and other services or labor.”

In addition, the Measures change the term of registration from “one to five years” to “six months to 30 years”.

3. 《公平竞争审查制度实施细则（暂行）》出台

国家发改委、财政部、商务部、工商总局、国务院法制办日前联合印发《公平竞争审查制度实施细则（暂行）》。

《实施细则》从审查机制和程序、审查标准、例外规定、社会监督、责任追究等方面对公平竞争审查制度相关规定进行了解释和细化。同时明确，政策制定机关未进行公平竞争审查或者违反审查标准出台政策措施的，由上级机关责令改正；拒不改正或者不及时改正的，对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依据相关法律法规给予处分。

3. Interim Rules Released for Implementing a Fair Competition Review System

Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Commerce, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, and the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council jointly issued the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Fair Competition Review System (for Interim Implementation).

The Rules construe and detail the fair competition review system in terms of review mechanisms and procedures, review standards, exception provisions, public scrutiny, and accountability, among others. The Rules also specify that policymakers failing to conduct a fair competition review or issuing policies and measures in violation of review standards should be ordered by their superiors to take corrective action; and if they refuse to take corrective action or delays in doing so, disciplinary action should be taken against the primary persons in charge and other directly liable persons.

4. 《关于促进农业产业化联合体发展的指导意见》出台

农业部、国家发展改革委、财政部、国土资源部、人民银行、税务总局6部门日前联合印发《关于促进农业产业化联合体发展的指导意见》。

《意见》指出，要建立多元主体分工协作机制，增强龙头企业带动能力，提升农民合作社服务能力，强化家庭农场生产能力，完善内部组织制度，组建农业产业化联合体；健全资源要素共享机制，发展土地适度规模经营，引导资金有效流动，促进科技转化应用，加强市场信息互通，推动品牌共创共享，推动联合体各成员融通发展；完善利益共享机制，提升产业链价值，促进龙头企业、农民合作社和家庭农场互助服务，探索成员相互入股、组建新主体等联结方式，实现深度融合发展。

4. Guiding Opinions Released to Promote Development of Agricultural Industrialization Consortiums

Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the People’s Bank, and the State Administration of Taxation jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Development of Agricultural Industrialization Consortiums.

The Opinions call for a collaborative mechanism of diversified participants, a stronger driving force of leading enterprises, improvement of the service ability of farmer cooperatives, increased productivity of family farms, more efficient organizational structures, and the formation of agricultural industrialization consortiums. The Opinions require the improvement of a resource elements sharing mechanism, development of moderate operations on land, effective flow of funds under guidance, promotion of science and technology transformation and application, enhanced exchange of market information, and support of joint brand creation and sharing, for the integrated development of all members of a consortium. The Opinions also require the improvement of an interest sharing mechanism, increase of the values of industrial chains, promotion of mutual assistance of leading enterprises, farm cooperatives, and family farms, and exploration of forming new entities by members in the manner of cross-holdings, for more integrated development.

5. 人社部发文全面落实行政执法责任制

近日，《人力资源社会保障部关于全面落实行政执法责任制的指导意见》发布。

《意见》认真梳理行政执法依据、科学确定行政执法职责、严格规范行政执法程序、加强行政执法监督检查，不断推进人力资源社会保障系统行政执法责任制工作深入开展，努力形成执法有依据、行为有规范、过程有监督、违法有追究的人力资源社会保障行政执法新格局。

《意见》明确，落实行政执法人员资格管理和持证上岗制度，推行行政执法公示制度，探索建立执法全过程记录制度，严格执行重大执法决定法制审核制度，建立健全行政执法裁量权基准制度等。

5. Guiding Opinions Issued to Comprehensively Implement Agency Law Enforcement Accountability System

Recently, the Guiding Opinions of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security on Comprehensively Implementing the Agency Law Enforcement Accountability System were issued.

The Opinions require a careful review of the basis for agency law enforcement, scientific determination of the duties of agency law enforcement, strict regulation of agency law enforcement procedures, strengthened oversight of agency law enforcement, and continuous in-depth advancement of the agency law enforcement accountability system of human resources and social security so as to form a new pattern of agency law enforcement of human resources and social security where any law enforcement has a legal basis and is conducted by the book and under oversight and those violating the law in agency law enforcement are held accountable.

The Opinions also require the management of agency law enforcement qualifications and credentials of agency law enforcement personnel, the advancement of agency law enforcement publication, the exploration for the establishment of a full recording system of law enforcement, the strict execution of a legal review of major law enforcement decisions, and the establishment of adequate and effective basic criteria for administrative discretion.

6. 工商总局落实“证照分离”

近日，工商总局印发《关于落实“证照分离”改革举措促进企业登记监管统一规范的指导意见》。

《指导意见》指出，各地工商和市场监管部门要建立涉企证照改革目录管理工作机制；做好企业登记信息部门共享推送工作；强化部门反馈信息归集和公示。在推进“多证合一”和“证照分离”改革过程中，各地要明确营业执照的法律属性，厘清营业执照与许可证的关系，统一规范营业执照的签发应用。

同时，各地要积极探索统一规范的业务操作系统，做到加强顶层设计，坚持省级统筹；强化数据建设，创新管理模式；健全工作机制，保障信息安全。

此外，各地要加强事中事后的监管，厘清监管职责，推进综合监管；强化信息归集，加强风险研判；加强部门联动，实施联合惩戒。

6. SAIC to Implement Separation of Permits from Business License

Recently, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce (SAIC) released the Guiding Opinions on Implementing the Reform Measure of Separating Permits from Business License to Promote the Unified and Standardized Supervision of Enterprise Registration.

According to the Guiding Opinions, the administrations for industry and commerce and the market regulators across the country should establish working mechanisms for cataloging matters involved in the enterprise permit and business license reform, effectively conduct inter-departmental enterprise information sharing, and strengthen departmental feedback collection and publicity. During the process of promoting the unification of multiple permits and the separation of permits from business license, they should specify the legal attributes of a business license, clarify the relationship between a business license and permits, and unify rules on the issuance and use of business licenses.

They should actively explore a unified and standardized business operating system, reinforce the top-level design, adhere to provincial coordination, strengthen data construction, innovate in the modes of management, improve working mechanisms, and protect information security.

In addition, they should strengthen the interim and ex post supervision, clarify supervisory responsibilities, advance comprehensive supervision, strengthen information collection, enhance risk research and evaluation, strengthen inter-departmental concerted actions, and implement joint punishments.

7. 三家政策性银行将实行外派监事会制度

近日，中国银监会发布《国家开发银行监督管理办法》、《中国进出口银行监督管理办法》、《中国农业发展银行监督管理办法》。

根据上述管理办法，三家政策性银行构建由董事会、监事会和高管层构成的两会一层治理架构；增设部委董事；实行外派监事会制度。

进出口银行和农发行已经实行了外派监事会制度，这次监管办法已经明确国家开发银行内设监事会将调整为外派监事会，监事会由国务院根据《国有重点金融机构监事会暂行条例》委任派出，监管办法对三家银行监事会的职责提出了原则性的要求。

此外，上述办法在资本监管方面做出了四个方面的监管要求：第一，建立资本约束机制。第二，制定资本规划。第三，建立资本评估机制。第四，建立资本补充机制。

7. Three Policy Banks to Have External Boards of Supervisors

Recently, the China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) issued the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of China Development Bank, the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Export-Import Bank of China, and the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Agricultural Development Bank of China.

According to the above Measures, the three policy banks will each have a governance structure comprising a board of directors, a board of supervisors, and the management; directors appointed by ministries and commissions are added; and their boards of supervisors are external.

Export-Import Bank of China and Agricultural Development Bank of China have already set up external boards of supervisors, and it is clarified that the internal board of supervisors of China Development Bank will be changed into an external one, the members of which are appointed by the State Council according to the Interim Regulation on the Boards of Supervisors of Major State Financial Institutions. The above Measures set forth general requirements for the duties of the boards of supervisors of the three banks.

In addition, the above Measures contain capital supervision requirements in four aspects: the formation of a capital restraint mechanism; the preparation of a capital plan; the formation of a capital assessment mechanism; and the formation of a capital addition mechanism.

8.《关于开展法律援助值班律师工作的意见》出台

近日，最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、国家安全部、司法部联合印发《关于开展法律援助值班律师工作的意见》。

《意见》规定，法律援助机构在人民法院、看守所派驻值班律师。值班律师职责主要是为犯罪嫌疑人、刑事被告人提供法律咨询、转交法律援助申请等法律帮助。同时，其职责还包括在认罪认罚从宽制度改革试点中为当事人提供程序选择、申请变更强制措施等法律帮助、对检察机关定罪量刑建议提出意见、见证犯罪嫌疑人签署认罪认罚具结书，以及对刑讯逼供和非法取证情形代理申诉、控告等。

《意见》明确了法律援助值班律师运行模式，对法律援助工作站建设、值班律师选任、值班方式、工作要求等方面作出规定。

《意见》就加强办案机关与法律援助机构的协作配合作出规定，明确了人民法院、人民检察院、公安机关等的告知职责。

8. Opinions on Lawyers on Duty in Legal Aid Released

Recently, the Supreme People’s Court (SPC), the Supreme People’s Procuratorate (SPP), the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of State Security, and the Ministry of Justice jointly issued the Opinions on Lawyers on Duty in Legal Aid.

According to the Opinions, legal aid institutions should dispatch lawyers on duty to the people’s courts and jails. The major duties of lawyers on duty include providing legal advice to criminal suspects and defendants, transfer of legal aid applications, and other legal aid. Lawyers on duty also provide procedural choices to the parties and apply for changes of compulsory measures, among others, in the pilot reform program of imposing lenient punishment on those admitting to guilt and accepting punishment; offer opinions on the conviction and sentencing recommendations from the prosecutorial organs; witness criminal suspects’ signing recognizances to admit guilt and accept punishment; and file petitions and accusations against coerced confession and illegally obtained evidence .

The Opinions clarify the operation mode of lawyers on duty in legal aid, construction of legal aid stations, appointment of lawyers on duty, how to be on duty, and working requirements.

The Opinions require collaboration between case-handling authorities and legal aid institutions, and the people’s courts, the people’s procuratorates, and the public security authorities have obligations of notification.

9. 十部门严查虚假违法广告

近日，工商总局等十部门近日印发《严肃查处虚假违法广告维护良好广告市场秩序工作方案》。

《工作方案》明确了工作重点：加大对含有不良影响内容广告的查处力度；继续严肃查处含有“特供”“专供”国家机关内容广告；加强重点领域广告监管执法力度；加大对互联网金融广告的监管力度；加大对重点媒体的监管力度；持续加强互联网广告监管；切实督促广告发布者履行广告审查责任；落实属地监管责任加大案件查办力度。

9.  Ten Departments Strictly Investigate Deceptive and Illegal Advertisements

Recently, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and other 9 departments issued the Working Plan for Strict Investigation and Punishment of Deceptive and Illegal Advertisements to Maintain a Good Advertising Market Order.

The Plan focuses on: intensifying investigation and punishment of advertisements with any content producing adverse effects; continuing to investigate and punish advertisements containing “special supply” or “exclusive supply” to state agencies; intensifying law enforcement in the regulation of major advertisement fields; intensifying supervision over Internet financial advertisements; strengthening regulation of major media; continuing to enhance regulation of Internet advertisements; urging advertisement publishers to fulfill their advertisement examination responsibilities; and effective territorial supervision to enhance case handling.

10. 《证券交易所管理办法》修订

近日，中国证监会就修订《证券交易所管理办法》向社会公开征求意见。

修订的重点体现在两个方面：一是优化证券交易所内部治理结构，进一步体现和发挥会员的法律地位及作用；二是进一步促进证券交易所履行一线监管职责，充分发挥自律管理作用。

10. Measures for Regulating Stock Exchanges Released

The China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) is requesting public comments on the revision of the Measures for the Administration of Stock Exchanges.

The revision primarily aims to optimize the internal governance structure of a stock exchange to further reflect the legal status and role of its members and to further impel a stock exchange to fulfill its front-line supervisory duties as a self-regulatory body.

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