「Part 11」2020政府工作报告中英文对照注释版
优化民营经济发展环境。
We will foster an enabling environment for the development of the private sector.
注：
优化...环境
foster an enabling environment for ...
民营（经济/企业）
the private sector
「类似表述对比」
2019年报告Part 17：1）激发企业家精神，促进民营经济发展升级。inspire entrepreneurial spirit, and promote development and upgrading in the private sector.
2）下大气力优化民营经济发展环境。We will work for big improvements in the development environment for the private sector.
3）发展民营银行和社区银行。and develop private and community banks,
📍 sector一词在政府工作报告中也是个高频词，如：the financial sector 表示金融业/财经界；heavy-polluting sectors 表示重污染行业；deepen reforms in key sectors 深化重点领域改革；the insurance sector 表示保险业。
保障民营企业平等获取生产要素和政策支持，
We will see that private businesses have equal access to production factors and policy support.
注：
民营企业
private businesses
平等获取
have equal access to
生产要素
production factors
📍 see作动词，在此处意为“保证，确保；务必做到”（If you see that something is done or if you see to it that it is done, you make sure that it is done.）举个🌰：
See that you take care of him.
你一定要好好照顾他。
在政府工作报告译文中，see的这个用法还是比较常见的，比如2020年报告Part 7：
1）要大力提质增效， We will see that funds are put to better and more effective use;
2）一定要把每一笔钱都用在刀刃上、紧要处，we will ... and see that every cent is used where it is needed most
3）基本民生支出只增不减，We will see that spending on people’s basic wellbeing is only increased and not cut,
清理废除与企业性质挂钩的不合理规定。
We will review relevant regulations to abolish those that unfairly differentiate enterprises according to form of ownership.
注：
清理
review / sort through
废除
abolish / do away with
企业性质
form of ownership
📍 搜索相关报道时，有提到类似表述：清理与企业性质挂钩的不合理的歧视性的规定和做法；清理各种对民营企业的歧视性做法。可以看出，可能有些规定会对不同企业性质（form of ownership，如国有企业、民营企业）有不同的要求，进而差别对待。因此，要清理和废除的就是这些规定。现在来看上面的译文应该会更好理解。
「类似表述对比」
2019年报告: 清理废除妨碍统一市场和公平竞争的各种规定和做法，支持民营企业发展 sort through and do away with regulations and practices that impede the development of a unified market and fair competition, support the growth of private businesses,
限期清偿政府机构拖欠民营和中小企业款项。
Deadlines will be set for government bodies to make overdue payments owed to private and small and medium businesses.
注：
限期
Deadlines will be set for
政府机构
government bodies
拖欠款项
overdue payments
拖欠...的款项
overdue payments owed to ...
民营和中小企业
private and small and medium businesses
「类似表述对比」
2019年报告：对拖欠企业的款项年底前要清偿一半以上，决不允许增加新的拖欠。Over 50 percent of overdue payments to enterprises must be made by the end of the year, and new arrears are impermissible.
构建亲清政商关系，促进非公有制经济健康发展。
We will foster a cordial and clean relationship between government and business and promote the healthy development of the non-public sector.
注：
构建亲清政商关系
foster a cordial and clean relationship between government and business
📍 对党委政府而言，所谓“亲”，就是要坦荡真诚同民营企业接触交往，特别是在民营企业遇到困难和问题情况下更要积极作为、靠前服务，对企业主多关注、多谈心、多引导，帮助解决实际困难。所谓“清”，就是同企业家的关系要清白、纯洁，不能有贪心私心，不能以权谋私，不能搞权钱交易。
非公有制经济
the non-public sector
📍 cordial /ˈkɔːdɪəl/ 表示“热诚的；友好的”（friendly but quite polite and formal）举个🌰：
He had never known him to be so chatty and cordial.
他以前从来不知道他是这样一个健谈而友善的人。
「类似表述对比」
2019年报告：构建亲清新型政商关系，We will foster a new type of cordial and clean relationship between government and business,
2018年报告：构建亲清新型政商关系，We will build a new type of cordial and clean relationship between government and business,
推动制造业升级和新兴产业发展。
We will encourage the upgrading of manufacturing and the growth of emerging industries.
注：
制造业升级
the upgrading of manufacturing
新兴产业发展
the growth of emerging industries
新兴产业
emerging industries
📍 upgrade作动词时，表示“使升级；提升”（If equipment or services are upgraded, they are improved or made more efficient. If someone is upgraded, their job or status is changed so that they become more important or receive more money.）举个🌰：
Helicopters have been upgraded and modernized.
直升机已经升级并且装上现代化设备。
He was upgraded to security guard.
他被提升为保安。
「类似表述对比」
2019年报告：二是促进制造业升级。Second, we will work to upgrade manufacturing.
2018年报告Part 4：新兴产业蓬勃发展，传统产业深刻重塑。emerging industries have achieved vigorous growth, and traditional industries have undergone a thorough remodeling.
2018年报告Part 13：促进新兴产业加快发展。We will work to speed up the growth of emerging industries.
大幅增加制造业中长期贷款。
We will markedly increase medium- and long-term loans to manufacturers.
注：
大幅增加
markedly increase
中长期贷款
medium- and long-term loans
「类似表述对比」
2019年报告：鼓励增加制造业中长期贷款和信用贷款。and encourage them to increase medium- and long-term loans and credit loans to the manufacturing sector.
发展工业互联网，推进智能制造。
We will promote the industrial internet and boost smart manufacturing.
注：
工业互联网
the industrial internet
推进智能制造
boost smart manufacturing
「类似表述对比」
2019年报告：打造工业互联网平台，拓展“智能+”，为制造业转型升级赋能。We will create industrial internet platforms and expand Intelligent Plus initiatives to facilitate transformation and upgrading in manufacturing.
2018年报告：发展工业互联网平台，创建“中国制造2025”示范区。develop industrial Internet of Things platforms, and create Made in China 2025 demonstration zones.
电商网购、在线服务等新业态在抗疫中发挥了重要作用，要继续出台支持政策，
New forms of business such as e-commerce, online shopping, and online services have played an important role during the COVID-19 response and more policies will be introduced in support of such businesses.
注：
新业态
new forms of business
电商网购
e-commerce, online shopping
在线服务
online services
发挥了重要作用
have played an important role
抗疫
the COVID-19 response
继续出台支持政策
more policies will be introduced in support of …
📍 “出台了...政策”还可表达为：we unveil policies to do sth
「类似表述对比」
2019年报告：出台稳外贸政策，We launched policies to ensure steady growth in foreign trade,
全面推进“互联网+”，打造数字经济新优势。
We will advance Internet Plus initiatives across the board and create new competitive strengths in the digital economy.
注：
全面推进
advance … across the board
互联网+
Internet Plus initiatives
打造…新优势
create new competitive strengths in
数字经济
the digital economy
「类似表述对比」
2019年报告：全面推进“互联网+”，运用新技术新模式改造传统产业。Internet Plus initiatives were advanced across the board, and new technologies and models were used to transform traditional industries.
2018年报告：在医疗、养老、教育、文化、体育等多领域推进“互联网+”。and do more to promote the Internet Plus model in many fields like medical care, eldercare, education, culture, and sports.
提高科技创新支撑能力。
We will boost our capacity to support technological innovation.
注：
提高...能力
boost the capacity to …
科技创新
technological innovation
稳定支持基础研究和应用基础研究，引导企业增加研发投入。
We will provide stable support for basic research and application-oriented basic research, and encourage enterprises to increase investment in R&D.
注：
稳定支持
provide stable support for
基础研究
basic research
应用基础研究
application-oriented basic research
增加研发投入
increase investment in R&D
📍 R&D: Research and Development 研究和发展/研发
加快建设国家实验室，重组国家重点实验室体系，发展社会研发机构。
We will accelerate the development of national laboratories, restructure the system of key national laboratories, and develop private R&D institutions.
注：
国家实验室
national laboratories
国家重点实验室
key national laboratories
社会研发机构
private R&D institutions
📍 restructure 作动词，意为“重新建构，重新建造”（to restructure an organization or system means to change the way it is organized, usually in order to make it work more effectively.）举个🌰：
He called on educators to help him restructure American education.
他号召教育家帮助他重新建构美国的教育。
深化国际科技合作。
We will intensify international cooperation on science and technology.
注：
深化国际合作
intensify international cooperation on
加强知识产权保护。
Intellectual property protection will be strengthened.
注：
知识产权
Intellectual property
知识产权保护
Intellectual property protection
实行重点项目攻关“揭榜挂帅”，谁能干就让谁干。
We will introduce an open competition mechanism to select the best candidates to lead key research projects.
注：
📍 新华网评：“揭榜挂帅”，就是把需要的关键核心技术项目张出榜来，英雄不论出处，谁有本事谁就揭榜。
深入推进大众创业万众创新。
We will continue to encourage business startups and innovation nationwide.
注：
大众创业万众创新
business startups and innovation nationwide
「类似表述对比」
2019年报告：进一步把大众创业万众创新引向深入。We will do more to encourage startups and innovation nationwide.
2018年报告Part 1：大众创业、万众创新蓬勃发展，Business startups and innovation are thriving all over the country,
2018年报告Part 5：促进大众创业、万众创新上水平。We will see the nationwide business startup and innovation drive is taken to the next level.
2017年报告：We will continue to encourage people to start businesses and make innovations. 持续推进大众创业、万众创新。
发展创业投资，增加创业担保贷款。
We will support the growth of venture capital investment and increase guaranteed loans for startups.
注：
创业投资
venture capital investment
创业担保贷款
guaranteed loans for startups
📍 风险投资（venture capital investment），亦称创业投资，是指具备资金实力的投资家对具有专门技术并具备良好市场发展前景，但缺乏启动资金的创业家进行资助，帮助其圆创业梦，并承担创业阶段投资失败的风险的投资。
深化新一轮全面创新改革试验，新建一批双创示范基地，坚持包容审慎监管，发展平台经济、共享经济，更大激发社会创造力。
To further unleash the creativity of various sectors, we will launch a new round of pilot reforms for making innovations across the board, build more innovation and entrepreneurship demo centers, continue accommodating and prudential regulation, and develop the platform economy and the sharing economy.
注：
深化新一轮全面创新改革试验
launch a new round of pilot reforms for making innovations across the board
双创示范基地
innovation and entrepreneurship demo centers
包容审慎监管
accommodating and prudential regulation
更大激发...创造力
further unleash the creativity of ...
双创（创业和创新）
innovation and business startups
平台经济
the platform economy
共享经济
the sharing economy
「类似表述对比」
2019年报告Part 4：实行包容审慎监管，exercise accommodative and prudential regulation,
2019年报告Part 13：坚持包容审慎监管，We will continue accommodative and prudential regulation,
2019年报告Part 11：本着鼓励创新、包容审慎原则，制定新兴产业监管规则。We will formulate regulatory rules for emerging industries in keeping with the principle of encouraging innovation and conducting regulation in a tolerant and prudent way.
2018年报告：坚持创新引领发展，着力激发社会创造力，with a commitment to innovation-driven development, and a focus on unlocking public creativity,
2017年报告：we will develop a full range of services that are accessible to the general public for the entire business startup and innovation process. 打造面向大众的“双创”全程服务体系，
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